Documentation: Discuss how we use language

Change-Id: I44fa30af538c78760821401c8d3c52029d95b72b
Signed-off-by: Patrick Georgi <pgeorgi@google.com>
Reviewed-on: https://review.coreboot.org/c/coreboot/+/43420
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins) <no-reply@coreboot.org>
Reviewed-by: Angel Pons <th3fanbus@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Werner Zeh <werner.zeh@siemens.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>

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+# Language style
+
+Following our [Code of Conduct](code_of_conduct.md) the project aims to
+be a space where people are considerate in natural language communication:
+
+There are terms in computing that were probably considered benign when
+introduced but are uncomfortable to some. The project aims to de-emphasize
+such terms in favor of alternatives that are at least as expressive -
+but often manage to be even more descriptive.
+
+## Political Correctness
+
+A common thread in discussions was that the project merely follows some
+fad, or that this is a "political correctness" measure, designed to please
+one particular "team". While the project doesn't exist in a vacuum and
+so there are outside influences on project members, the proposal wasn't
+made with the purpose of demonstrating allegiance to any given cause -
+except one:
+
+There are people who feel uncomfortable with some terms being used,
+_especially_ when that use takes them out of their grave context
+(e.g. slave when discussing slavery) and applies them to a rather benign
+topic (e.g. coordination of multiple technical systems), taking away
+the gravity of the term.
+
+That gets especially jarring when people aren't exposed to such terms
+in abstract sociological discussions but when they stand for real issues
+they encountered.
+
+When having to choose between using a well-established term that
+affects people negatively who could otherwise contribute more happily
+and undisturbed or an alternative just-as-good term that doesn't, the
+decision should be simple.
+
+## Token gesture
+
+The other major point of contention is that such decisions are a token
+gesture that doesn't change anything. It's true: No slave is freed
+because coreboot rejects the use of the word.
+
+coreboot is ambitious enough as-is, in that the project offers
+an alternative approach to firmware, sometimes against the vested
+interests (and deep pockets) of the leaders of a multi-billion dollar
+industry. Changing the preferred vocabulary isn't another attempt at
+changing the world, it's one thing we do to try to make coreboot (and
+coreboot only) a comfortable environment for everybody.
+
+## For everybody
+
+For everybody, but with a qualifier: We have certain community etiquette,
+and we define some behavior we don't accept in our community, both
+detailed in the Code of Conduct.
+
+Other than that, we're trying to accommodate people: The CoC lays out
+that language should be interpreted as friendly by default, and to be
+graceful in light of accidents. This also applies to the use of terms
+that the project tries to avoid: The consequence of the use of such
+terms (unless obviously employed to provoke a reaction - in that case,
+please contact the arbitration team as outlined in the Code of Conduct)
+should be a friendly reminder. The project is slow to sanction and that
+won't change just because the wrong kind of words is used.
+
+## Interfacing with the world
+
+The project doesn't exist in a vacuum, and that also applies to the choice
+of words made by other initiatives in low-level technology. When JEDEC
+calls the participants of a SPI transaction "master" and "slave", there's
+little we can do about that. We _could_ decide to use different terms,
+but that wouldn't make things easier but harder, because such a deliberate
+departure means that the original terms (and their original use) gain
+lots of visibility every time (so there's no practical advantage) while
+adding confusion, and therefore even more attention, to that situation.
+
+Sometimes there are abbreviations that can be used as substitutes,
+and in that case the recommendation is to do that.
+
+As terms that we found to be best avoided are replaced in such
+initiatives, we can follow up. Members of the community with leverage
+in such organizations are encouraged to raise the concern there.
+
+## Dealing with uses
+
+There are existing uses in our documentation and code. When we decide to
+retire a term that doesn't mean that everybody is supposed to stop doing
+whatever they're doing and spend their time on purging terms. Instead,
+ongoing development should look for alternatives (and so this could come
+up in review).
+
+People can go through existing code and docs and sort out older instances,
+and while that's encouraged it's no "stop the world" event. Changes
+in flight in review may still be merged with such terms intact, but if
+there's more work required for other reasons, we'd encourage moving away
+from such terms.
+
+This document has a section on retired terms, presenting the rationale
+as well as alternative terms that could be used instead. The main goal is
+to be expressive: There's no point in just picking any alternative term,
+choose something that explains the purpose well.
+
+As mentioned, missteps will happen. Point them out, but assume no ill
+intent for as long as you can manage.
+
+## Discussing words to remove from active use
+
+There ought to be some process when terminology is brought up as a
+negative to avoid. Do not to tell people that "they're feeling wrong"
+when they have a negative reaction to certain terms, but also try to
+avoid being offended for the sake of others.
+
+When bringing up a term, on the project's mailing list or, if you don't
+feel safe doing that, by contacting the arbitration team, explain what's
+wrong with the term and offer alternatives for uses within coreboot.
+
+With a term under discussion, see if there's particular value for us to
+continue using the term (maybe in limited situations, like continuing
+to use "slave" in SPI related code).
+
+Once the arbitration team considers the topic discussed completely and
+found a consensus, it will present a decision in a leadership meeting. It
+should explain why a term should or should not be used and in the latter
+case offer alternatives. These decisions shall then be added to this
+document.
+
+## Retired terminology
+
+### slave
+
+Replacing this term for something else had the highest approval rating
+in early discussions, so it seems pretty universally considered a bad
+choice and therefore should be avoided where possible.
+
+An exception is made where it's a term used in current standards and data
+sheets: Trying to "hide" the term in such cases only puts a spotlight
+on it every time code and data sheet are compared.
+
+Alternatives: subordinate, secondary, follower