Documentation: Add basic flashing tutorial for Lenovo

* Add basic flashing tutorial
** Describe internal and external flashing
** Describe flash supply diode protection
** Gives general advices on flashing
** Describe how to use flashrom --ifd
*  Describe basic flashing on Lenovo T4xx devices
** Describe how to disassemble and access the flash IC on T4xx
** Describe flash layout on Sandy Bridge and Ivy Bridge series.

Change-Id: Ia833e27f4e7d89ee32be9bed21a0c021839facec
Signed-off-by: Patrick Rudolph <siro@das-labor.org>
Reviewed-on: https://review.coreboot.org/27852
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins) <no-reply@coreboot.org>
Reviewed-by: Philipp Deppenwiese <zaolin.daisuki@gmail.com>

8 files changed, 302 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/mainboard/index.md b/Documentation/mainboard/index.md
index 45eb217e4d..c346a3b8f0 100644
--- a/Documentation/mainboard/index.md
+++ b/Documentation/mainboard/index.md
@@ -26,6 +26,20 @@ This section contains documentation about coreboot on specific mainboards.
 
 - [Compaq 8200 Elite SFF](hp/compaq_8200_sff.md)
 
+## Lenovo
+
+- [T4xx common](lenovo/t4xx_series.md)
+
+### Sandy Bridge series
+
+- [T420](lenovo/t420.md)
+- [T420 / T520 / X220 / T420s / W520 common](lenovo/xx20_series.md)
+
+### Ivy Bridge series
+
+- [T430](lenovo/t430.md)
+- [T430 / T530 / X230 / W530 common](lenovo/xx30_series.md)
+
 ## SiFive
 
 - [SiFive HiFive Unleashed](sifive/hifive-unleashed.md)
diff --git a/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/flashlayout_xx20.svg b/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/flashlayout_xx20.svg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8884ac37ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/flashlayout_xx20.svg
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/PR-SVG-20010719/DTD/svg10.dtd">
+<svg width="10cm" height="8cm" viewBox="265 -156 186 159" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
+  <g>
+    <rect style="fill: #ffffff" x="307.888" y="-152.131" width="49.1438" height="30.4667"/>
+    <rect style="fill: none; fill-opacity:0; stroke-width: 2; stroke: #000000" x="307.888" y="-152.131" width="49.1438" height="30.4667"/>
+    <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:middle;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="332.46" y="-134.831">
+      <tspan x="332.46" y="-134.831">IFD</tspan>
+    </text>
+  </g>
+  <g>
+    <rect style="fill: #ffffff" x="308" y="-91.1844" width="49.1438" height="59.7756"/>
+    <rect style="fill: none; fill-opacity:0; stroke-width: 2; stroke: #000000" x="308" y="-91.1844" width="49.1438" height="59.7756"/>
+    <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:middle;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="332.572" y="-59.2299">
+      <tspan x="332.572" y="-59.2299">ME</tspan>
+    </text>
+  </g>
+  <g>
+    <rect style="fill: #ffffff" x="307.934" y="-31.6442" width="49.1438" height="30.8828"/>
+    <rect style="fill: none; fill-opacity:0; stroke-width: 2; stroke: #000000" x="307.934" y="-31.6442" width="49.1438" height="30.8828"/>
+    <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:middle;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="332.506" y="-14.1361">
+      <tspan x="332.506" y="-14.1361">BIOS</tspan>
+    </text>
+  </g>
+  <g>
+    <rect style="fill: #ffffff" x="308" y="-121.59" width="49.1438" height="30.4667"/>
+    <rect style="fill: none; fill-opacity:0; stroke-width: 2; stroke: #000000" x="308" y="-121.59" width="49.1438" height="30.4667"/>
+    <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:middle;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="332.572" y="-104.29">
+      <tspan x="332.572" y="-104.29">GBE</tspan>
+    </text>
+  </g>
+  <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:start;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="265.968" y="-149.208">
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+  </text>
+  <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:start;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="266.362" y="-120.102">
+    <tspan x="266.362" y="-120.102">0x001000</tspan>
+  </text>
+  <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:start;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="266.162" y="-88.8972">
+    <tspan x="266.162" y="-88.8972">0x003000</tspan>
+  </text>
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+    <tspan x="266.144" y="-29.6656">0x500000</tspan>
+  </text>
+  <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:start;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="266.326" y="1.87412">
+    <tspan x="266.326" y="1.87412">0x800000</tspan>
+  </text>
+  <path style="fill: none; fill-opacity:0; stroke-width: 1; stroke: #000000" d="M 380.877 -151.013 C 401.876,-151.013 379.377,-73.513 400.627,-72.513"/>
+  <path style="fill: none; fill-opacity:0; stroke-width: 1; stroke: #000000" d="M 381.377 -0.763268 C 395.238,-0.763268 387.016,-72.763 400.877,-72.763"/>
+  <text font-size="10.1598" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:start;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="406.127" y="-68.513">
+    <tspan x="406.127" y="-68.513">Flash #0</tspan>
+  </text>
+</svg>
diff --git a/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/flashlayout_xx30.svg b/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/flashlayout_xx30.svg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5cc4e4fbaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/flashlayout_xx30.svg
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/PR-SVG-20010719/DTD/svg10.dtd">
+<svg width="10cm" height="11cm" viewBox="265 -156 187 213" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
+  <g>
+    <rect style="fill: #ffffff" x="307.888" y="-152.131" width="49.1438" height="30.4667"/>
+    <rect style="fill: none; fill-opacity:0; stroke-width: 2; stroke: #000000" x="307.888" y="-152.131" width="49.1438" height="30.4667"/>
+    <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:middle;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="332.46" y="-134.831">
+      <tspan x="332.46" y="-134.831">IFD</tspan>
+    </text>
+  </g>
+  <g>
+    <rect style="fill: #ffffff" x="308" y="-91.1844" width="49.1438" height="59.7756"/>
+    <rect style="fill: none; fill-opacity:0; stroke-width: 2; stroke: #000000" x="308" y="-91.1844" width="49.1438" height="59.7756"/>
+    <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:middle;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="332.572" y="-59.2299">
+      <tspan x="332.572" y="-59.2299">ME</tspan>
+    </text>
+  </g>
+  <g>
+    <rect style="fill: #ffffff" x="307.934" y="-31.6442" width="49.1438" height="85.7161"/>
+    <rect style="fill: none; fill-opacity:0; stroke-width: 2; stroke: #000000" x="307.934" y="-31.6442" width="49.1438" height="85.7161"/>
+    <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:middle;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="332.506" y="13.2805">
+      <tspan x="332.506" y="13.2805">BIOS</tspan>
+    </text>
+  </g>
+  <g>
+    <rect style="fill: #ffffff" x="308" y="-121.59" width="49.1438" height="30.4667"/>
+    <rect style="fill: none; fill-opacity:0; stroke-width: 2; stroke: #000000" x="308" y="-121.59" width="49.1438" height="30.4667"/>
+    <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:middle;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="332.572" y="-104.29">
+      <tspan x="332.572" y="-104.29">GBE</tspan>
+    </text>
+  </g>
+  <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:start;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="265.968" y="-149.208">
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+    <tspan x="266.362" y="-120.102">0x001000</tspan>
+  </text>
+  <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:start;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="266.162" y="-88.8972">
+    <tspan x="266.162" y="-88.8972">0x003000</tspan>
+  </text>
+  <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:start;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="266.144" y="-29.6656">
+    <tspan x="266.144" y="-29.6656">0x500000</tspan>
+  </text>
+  <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:start;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="266.326" y="1.87412">
+    <tspan x="266.326" y="1.87412">0x800000</tspan>
+  </text>
+  <path style="fill: none; fill-opacity:0; stroke-width: 1; stroke: #000000" d="M 380.877 -151.013 C 401.876,-151.013 379.377,-73.513 400.627,-72.513"/>
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+  <text font-size="10.1598" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:start;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="406.127" y="-68.513">
+    <tspan x="406.127" y="-68.513">Flash #0</tspan>
+  </text>
+  <path style="fill: none; fill-opacity:0; stroke-width: 1; stroke: #000000" d="M 381.223 -0.537117 C 402.222,-0.537117 379.285,28.8102 399.872,27.8376"/>
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+  <text font-size="10.1598" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:start;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="407.157" y="30.2529">
+    <tspan x="407.157" y="30.2529">Flash #1</tspan>
+  </text>
+  <text font-size="6.77333" style="fill: #000000;text-anchor:start;font-family:sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal" x="266.591" y="54.9733">
+    <tspan x="266.591" y="54.9733">0xc00000</tspan>
+  </text>
+  <line style="fill: none; fill-opacity:0; stroke-width: 2; stroke-dasharray: 4; stroke: #000000" x1="305.271" y1="-1.2113" x2="378.831" y2="-1.17038"/>
+</svg>
diff --git a/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/t420.md b/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/t420.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ff7a0a9238
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/t420.md
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Lenovo T420
+
+## Flashing instructions
+You have to disassemble the whole device, as the flash IC is on the bottom
+of the mainboard.
+
+For more details have a look at [T420 / T520 / X220 / T420s / W520 common] and
+
+```eval_rst
+:doc:`../../flash_tutorial/ext_power`
+```
+
+Steps to access the flash IC are described here [T4xx series].
+
+[T4xx series]: t4xx_series.md
+[T420 / T520 / X220 / T420s / W520 common]: xx20_series.md
diff --git a/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/t430.md b/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/t430.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..787246f4d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/t430.md
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Lenovo T430
+
+## Flashing instructions
+You have to disassemble the whole device, as the flash ICs are on the bottom
+of the mainboard.
+
+For more details have a look at [T430 / T530 / X230 / T430s / W530 common] and
+```eval_rst
+:doc:`../../flash_tutorial/ext_power`
+```
+
+Steps to access the flash IC are described here [T4xx series].
+
+[T4xx series]: t4xx_series.md
+[T430 / T530 / X230 / T430s / W530 common]: xx30_series.md
diff --git a/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/t4xx_series.md b/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/t4xx_series.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..23fe0fbe53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/t4xx_series.md
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# Lenovo T4xx series disassembly instructions
+
+A skilled engineer takes around 40 minutes to disassemble, flash and reassemble
+the whole device.
+
+# Steps to access the flash IC:
+
+* Unplug the main battery
+* Remove the harddisk, CDROM, ExpressCard, SIM-card, SDcard, SmartCard, ...
+* Open the bottom flap and remove the keyboard screw
+* Remove the keyboard
+* Remove the screen
+* Remove the top enclosure
+* Remove the CMOS battery
+* Remove the speakers
+* Remove WWAN and WIFI card
+* Remove the CPU fan
+* Unplug the power cable
+* Remove the bottom enclosure
+* Flip the mainboard and remove the main frame
diff --git a/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/xx20_series.md b/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/xx20_series.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..976a29ba9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/xx20_series.md
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# Lenovo Sandy Bridge series
+
+## Flashing coreboot
+```eval_rst
++---------------------+--------------------+
+| Type                | Value              |
++=====================+====================+
+| Socketed flash      | no                 |
++---------------------+--------------------+
+| Size                | 8 MiB              |
++---------------------+--------------------+
+| In circuit flashing | Yes                |
++---------------------+--------------------+
+| Package             | SOIC-8             |
++---------------------+--------------------+
+| Write protection    | No                 |
++---------------------+--------------------+
+| Dual BIOS feature   | No                 |
++---------------------+--------------------+
+| Internal flashing   | Yes                |
++---------------------+--------------------+
+```
+
+## Installation instructions
+* Update the EC firmware, as there's no support for EC updates in coreboot.
+* Do **NOT** accidently swap pins or power on the board while a SPI flasher
+  is connected. It will destroy your device.
+* It's recommended to only flash the BIOS region. In that case you don't
+  need to extract BLOBs from vendor firmware.
+  If you want to flash the whole chip, you need BLOBs when building
+  coreboot.
+* The shipped *Flash layout* allocates 3MiB to the BIOS region, which is the space
+  usable by coreboot.
+* ROM chip size should be set to 8MiB.
+
+```eval_rst
+Please also have a look at :doc:`../../flash_tutorial/index`.
+```
+
+## Flash layout
+There's one 8MiB flash which contains IFD, GBE, ME and BIOS regions.
+On Lenovo's UEFI the EC firmware update is placed at the start of the BIOS
+region. The update is then written into the EC once.
+
+![][fl]
+
+[fl]: flashlayout_xx20.svg
+
diff --git a/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/xx30_series.md b/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/xx30_series.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e65a3f2a6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/mainboard/lenovo/xx30_series.md
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# Lenovo Ivy Bridge series
+
+## Flashing coreboot
+```eval_rst
++---------------------+--------------------------------+
+| Type                | Value                          |
++=====================+================================+
+| Socketed flash      | no                             |
++---------------------+--------------------------------+
+| Size                | 8 MiB + 4MiB                   |
++---------------------+--------------------------------+
+| In circuit flashing | Yes                            |
++---------------------+--------------------------------+
+| Package             | SOIC-8                         |
++---------------------+--------------------------------+
+| Write protection    | No                             |
++---------------------+--------------------------------+
+| Dual BIOS feature   | No                             |
++---------------------+--------------------------------+
+| Internal flashing   | Yes                            |
++---------------------+--------------------------------+
+```
+
+## Installation instructions
+* Update the EC firmware, as there's no support for EC updates in coreboot.
+* Do **NOT** accidently swap pins or power on the board while a SPI flasher
+  is connected. It will permanently brick your device.
+* It's recommended to only flash the BIOS region. In that case you don't
+  need to extract BLOBs from vendor firmware.
+  If you want to flash the whole chip, you need BLOBs when building
+  coreboot.
+* The *Flash layout* shows that by default 7MiB of space are available for
+  the use with coreboot.
+* In that case you only want to use a part of the BIOS region that must not
+  exceed 4MiB in size, which means CONFIG_CBFS_SIZE must be smaller than 4MiB.
+* ROM chip size should be set to 12MiB.
+
+```eval_rst
+Please also have a look at :doc:`../../flash_tutorial/index`.
+```
+
+## Splitting the coreboot.rom
+
+To split the coreboot.rom into two images (one for the 8MiB and one for the
+4 MiB flash IC), run the following commands:
+
+```bash
+dd of=top.rom bs=1M if=build/coreboot.rom skip=8
+dd of=bottom.rom bs=1M if=build/coreboot.rom count=8
+```
+
+That gives one ROM for each flash IC, where *top.rom* is the upper part of the
+flash image, that resides on the 4 MiB flash and *bottom.rom* is the lower part
+of the flash image, that resides on the 8 MiB flash.
+
+## Dumping a full ROM
+
+If you flash externally you need to read both flash chips to get two images
+(one for the 8MiB and one for the 4 MiB flash IC), and then run the following
+command to concatenate the files:
+
+```bash
+cat bottom.rom top.rom > firmware.rom
+```
+
+## Flash layout
+There's one 8MiB and one 4 MiB flash which contains IFD, GBE, ME and
+BIOS region. These two flash ICs appear as a single 12MiB when flashing
+internally.
+On Lenovo's UEFI the EC firmware update is placed at the start of the BIOS
+region. The update is then written into the EC once.
+
+![][fl]
+
+[fl]: flashlayout_xx30.svg
+