path: root/src/cpu/x86/mtrr/mtrr.c

/*
 * mtrr.c: setting MTRR to decent values for cache initialization on P6
 *
 * Derived from intel_set_mtrr in intel_subr.c and mtrr.c in linux kernel
 *
 * Copyright 2000 Silicon Integrated System Corporation
 * Copyright 2013 Google Inc.
 *
 *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *	it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *	the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *	(at your option) any later version.
 *
 *	This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *	but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *	MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *	GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *	You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *	along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *	Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 *
 *
 * Reference: Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual, Volume 3: System Programming
 */

#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <console/console.h>
#include <device/device.h>
#include <cpu/x86/msr.h>
#include <cpu/x86/mtrr.h>
#include <cpu/x86/cache.h>
#include <cpu/x86/lapic.h>
#include <arch/cpu.h>
#include <arch/acpi.h>
#include <memrange.h>
#if CONFIG_X86_AMD_FIXED_MTRRS
#include <cpu/amd/mtrr.h>
#define MTRR_FIXED_WRBACK_BITS (MTRR_READ_MEM | MTRR_WRITE_MEM)
#else
#define MTRR_FIXED_WRBACK_BITS 0
#endif

/* 2 MTRRS are reserved for the operating system */
#define BIOS_MTRRS 6
#define OS_MTRRS   2
#define MTRRS      (BIOS_MTRRS + OS_MTRRS)

static int total_mtrrs = MTRRS;
static int bios_mtrrs = BIOS_MTRRS;

static void detect_var_mtrrs(void)
{
	msr_t msr;

	msr = rdmsr(MTRRcap_MSR);

	total_mtrrs = msr.lo & 0xff;
	bios_mtrrs = total_mtrrs - OS_MTRRS;
}

void enable_fixed_mtrr(void)
{
	msr_t msr;

	msr = rdmsr(MTRRdefType_MSR);
	msr.lo |= MTRRdefTypeEn | MTRRdefTypeFixEn;
	wrmsr(MTRRdefType_MSR, msr);
}

static void enable_var_mtrr(unsigned char deftype)
{
	msr_t msr;

	msr = rdmsr(MTRRdefType_MSR);
	msr.lo &= ~0xff;
	msr.lo |= MTRRdefTypeEn | deftype;
	wrmsr(MTRRdefType_MSR, msr);
}

/* fms: find most sigificant bit set, stolen from Linux Kernel Source. */
static inline unsigned int fms(unsigned int x)
{
	int r;

	__asm__("bsrl %1,%0\n\t"
	        "jnz 1f\n\t"
	        "movl $0,%0\n"
	        "1:" : "=r" (r) : "g" (x));
	return r;
}

/* fls: find least sigificant bit set */
static inline unsigned int fls(unsigned int x)
{
	int r;

	__asm__("bsfl %1,%0\n\t"
	        "jnz 1f\n\t"
	        "movl $32,%0\n"
	        "1:" : "=r" (r) : "g" (x));
	return r;
}

#define MTRR_VERBOSE_LEVEL BIOS_NEVER

/* MTRRs are at a 4KiB granularity. Therefore all address calculations can
 * be done with 32-bit numbers. This allows for the MTRR code to handle
 * up to 2^44 bytes (16 TiB) of address space. */
#define RANGE_SHIFT 12
#define ADDR_SHIFT_TO_RANGE_SHIFT(x) \
	(((x) > RANGE_SHIFT) ? ((x) - RANGE_SHIFT) : RANGE_SHIFT)
#define PHYS_TO_RANGE_ADDR(x) ((x) >> RANGE_SHIFT)
#define RANGE_TO_PHYS_ADDR(x) (((resource_t)(x)) << RANGE_SHIFT)
#define NUM_FIXED_MTRRS (NUM_FIXED_RANGES / RANGES_PER_FIXED_MTRR)

/* The minimum alignment while handling variable MTRR ranges is 64MiB. */
#define MTRR_MIN_ALIGN PHYS_TO_RANGE_ADDR(64 << 20)
/* Helpful constants. */
#define RANGE_1MB PHYS_TO_RANGE_ADDR(1 << 20)
#define RANGE_4GB (1 << (ADDR_SHIFT_TO_RANGE_SHIFT(32)))

static inline uint32_t range_entry_base_mtrr_addr(struct range_entry *r)
{
	return PHYS_TO_RANGE_ADDR(range_entry_base(r));
}

static inline uint32_t range_entry_end_mtrr_addr(struct range_entry *r)
{
	return PHYS_TO_RANGE_ADDR(range_entry_end(r));
}

static struct memranges *get_physical_address_space(void)
{
	static struct memranges *addr_space;
	static struct memranges addr_space_storage;

	/* In order to handle some chipsets not being able to pre-determine
	 *  uncacheable ranges, such as graphics memory, at resource inseration
	 * time remove unacheable regions from the cacheable ones. */
	if (addr_space == NULL) {
		struct range_entry *r;
		unsigned long mask;
		unsigned long match;

		addr_space = &addr_space_storage;

		mask = IORESOURCE_CACHEABLE;
		/* Collect cacheable and uncacheable address ranges. The
		 * uncacheable regions take precedence over the  cacheable
		 * regions. */
		memranges_init(addr_space, mask, mask, MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK);
		memranges_add_resources(addr_space, mask, 0,
		                        MTRR_TYPE_UNCACHEABLE);

		/* Handle any write combining resources. Only prefetchable
		 * resources with the IORESOURCE_WRCOMB flag are appropriate
		 * for this MTRR type. */
		match = IORESOURCE_PREFETCH | IORESOURCE_WRCOMB;
		mask |= match;
		memranges_add_resources(addr_space, mask, match,
		                        MTRR_TYPE_WRCOMB);

		/* The address space below 4GiB is special. It needs to be
		 * covered entirly by range entries so that MTRR calculations
		 * can be properly done for the full 32-bit address space.
		 * Therefore, ensure holes are filled up to 4GiB as
		 * uncacheable */
		memranges_fill_holes_up_to(addr_space,
		                           RANGE_TO_PHYS_ADDR(RANGE_4GB),
		                           MTRR_TYPE_UNCACHEABLE);

		printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "MTRR: Physical address space:\n");
		memranges_each_entry(r, addr_space)
			printk(BIOS_DEBUG,
			       "0x%016llx - 0x%016llx size 0x%08llx type %ld\n",
			       range_entry_base(r), range_entry_end(r),
			       range_entry_size(r), range_entry_tag(r));
	}

	return addr_space;
}

/* Fixed MTRR descriptor. This structure defines the step size and begin
 * and end (exclusive) address covered by a set of fixe MTRR MSRs.
 * It also describes the offset in byte intervals to store the calculated MTRR
 * type in an array. */
struct fixed_mtrr_desc {
	uint32_t begin;
	uint32_t end;
	uint32_t step;
	int range_index;
	int msr_index_base;
};

/* Shared MTRR calculations. Can be reused by APs. */
static uint8_t fixed_mtrr_types[NUM_FIXED_RANGES];

/* Fixed MTRR descriptors. */
static const struct fixed_mtrr_desc fixed_mtrr_desc[] = {
	{ PHYS_TO_RANGE_ADDR(0x000000), PHYS_TO_RANGE_ADDR(0x080000),
	  PHYS_TO_RANGE_ADDR(64 * 1024), 0, MTRRfix64K_00000_MSR },
	{ PHYS_TO_RANGE_ADDR(0x080000), PHYS_TO_RANGE_ADDR(0x0C0000),
	  PHYS_TO_RANGE_ADDR(16 * 1024), 8, MTRRfix16K_80000_MSR },
	{ PHYS_TO_RANGE_ADDR(0x0C0000), PHYS_TO_RANGE_ADDR(0x100000),
	  PHYS_TO_RANGE_ADDR(4 * 1024), 24, MTRRfix4K_C0000_MSR },
};

static void calc_fixed_mtrrs(void)
{
	static int fixed_mtrr_types_initialized;
	struct memranges *phys_addr_space;
	struct range_entry *r;
	const struct fixed_mtrr_desc *desc;
	const struct fixed_mtrr_desc *last_desc;
	uint32_t begin;
	uint32_t end;
	int type_index;

	if (fixed_mtrr_types_initialized)
		return;

	phys_addr_space = get_physical_address_space();

	/* Set all fixed ranges to uncacheable first. */
	memset(&fixed_mtrr_types[0], MTRR_TYPE_UNCACHEABLE, NUM_FIXED_RANGES);

	desc = &fixed_mtrr_desc[0];
	last_desc = &fixed_mtrr_desc[ARRAY_SIZE(fixed_mtrr_desc) - 1];
	type_index = desc->range_index;

	memranges_each_entry(r, phys_addr_space) {
		begin = range_entry_base_mtrr_addr(r);
		end = range_entry_end_mtrr_addr(r);

		if (begin >= last_desc->end)
			break;

		if (end > last_desc->end)
			end = last_desc->end;

		/* Get to the correct fixed mtrr descriptor. */
		while (begin >= desc->end)
			desc++;

		type_index = desc->range_index;
		type_index += (begin - desc->begin) / desc->step;

		while (begin != end) {
			unsigned char type;

			type = range_entry_tag(r);
			printk(MTRR_VERBOSE_LEVEL,
			       "MTRR addr 0x%x-0x%x set to %d type @ %d\n",
			       begin, begin + desc->step, type, type_index);
			if (type == MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK)
				type |= MTRR_FIXED_WRBACK_BITS;
			fixed_mtrr_types[type_index] = type;
			type_index++;
			begin += desc->step;
			if (begin == desc->end)
				desc++;
		}
	}
	fixed_mtrr_types_initialized = 1;
}

static void commit_fixed_mtrrs(void)
{
	int i;
	int j;
	int msr_num;
	int type_index;
	/* 8 ranges per msr. */
	msr_t fixed_msrs[NUM_FIXED_MTRRS];
	unsigned long msr_index[NUM_FIXED_MTRRS];

	memset(&fixed_msrs, 0, sizeof(fixed_msrs));

	disable_cache();

	msr_num = 0;
	type_index = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(fixed_mtrr_desc); i++) {
		const struct fixed_mtrr_desc *desc;
		int num_ranges;

		desc = &fixed_mtrr_desc[i];
		num_ranges = (desc->end - desc->begin) / desc->step;
		for (j = 0; j < num_ranges; j += RANGES_PER_FIXED_MTRR) {
			msr_index[msr_num] = desc->msr_index_base +
				(j / RANGES_PER_FIXED_MTRR);
			fixed_msrs[msr_num].lo |=
				fixed_mtrr_types[type_index++] << 0;
			fixed_msrs[msr_num].lo |=
				fixed_mtrr_types[type_index++] << 8;
			fixed_msrs[msr_num].lo |=
				fixed_mtrr_types[type_index++] << 16;
			fixed_msrs[msr_num].lo |=
				fixed_mtrr_types[type_index++] << 24;
			fixed_msrs[msr_num].hi |=
				fixed_mtrr_types[type_index++] << 0;
			fixed_msrs[msr_num].hi |=
				fixed_mtrr_types[type_index++] << 8;
			fixed_msrs[msr_num].hi |=
				fixed_mtrr_types[type_index++] << 16;
			fixed_msrs[msr_num].hi |=
				fixed_mtrr_types[type_index++] << 24;
			msr_num++;
		}
	}

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(fixed_msrs); i++) {
		printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "MTRR: Fixed MSR 0x%lx 0x%08x%08x\n",
		       msr_index[i], fixed_msrs[i].hi, fixed_msrs[i].lo);
		wrmsr(msr_index[i], fixed_msrs[i]);
	}

	enable_cache();
}

void x86_setup_fixed_mtrrs_no_enable(void)
{
	calc_fixed_mtrrs();
	commit_fixed_mtrrs();
}

void x86_setup_fixed_mtrrs(void)
{
	x86_setup_fixed_mtrrs_no_enable();

	printk(BIOS_SPEW, "call enable_fixed_mtrr()\n");
	enable_fixed_mtrr();
}

struct var_mtrr_state {
	struct memranges *addr_space;
	int above4gb;
	int address_bits;
	int commit_mtrrs;
	int mtrr_index;
	int def_mtrr_type;
};

static void clear_var_mtrr(int index)
{
	msr_t msr_val;

	msr_val = rdmsr(MTRRphysMask_MSR(index));
	msr_val.lo &= ~MTRRphysMaskValid;
	wrmsr(MTRRphysMask_MSR(index), msr_val);
}

static void write_var_mtrr(struct var_mtrr_state *var_state,
                           uint32_t base, uint32_t size, int mtrr_type)
{
	msr_t msr_val;
	unsigned long msr_index;
	resource_t rbase;
	resource_t rsize;
	resource_t mask;

	/* Some variable MTRRs are attempted to be saved for the OS use.
	 * However, it's more important to try to map the full address space
	 * properly. */
	if (var_state->mtrr_index >= bios_mtrrs)
		printk(BIOS_WARNING, "Taking a reserved OS MTRR.\n");
	if (var_state->mtrr_index >= total_mtrrs) {
		printk(BIOS_ERR, "ERROR: Not enough MTTRs available!\n");
		return;
	}

	rbase = base;
	rsize = size;

	rbase = RANGE_TO_PHYS_ADDR(rbase);
	rsize = RANGE_TO_PHYS_ADDR(rsize);
	rsize = -rsize;

	mask = (1ULL << var_state->address_bits) - 1;
	rsize = rsize & mask;

	printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "MTRR: %d base 0x%016llx mask 0x%016llx type %d\n",
	       var_state->mtrr_index, rbase, rsize, mtrr_type);

	msr_val.lo = rbase;
	msr_val.lo |= mtrr_type;

	msr_val.hi = rbase >> 32;
	msr_index = MTRRphysBase_MSR(var_state->mtrr_index);
	wrmsr(msr_index, msr_val);

	msr_val.lo = rsize;
	msr_val.lo |= MTRRphysMaskValid;
	msr_val.hi = rsize >> 32;
	msr_index = MTRRphysMask_MSR(var_state->mtrr_index);
	wrmsr(msr_index, msr_val);
}

static void calc_var_mtrr_range(struct var_mtrr_state *var_state,
                                uint32_t base, uint32_t size, int mtrr_type)
{
	while (size != 0) {
		uint32_t addr_lsb;
		uint32_t size_msb;
		uint32_t mtrr_size;

		addr_lsb = fls(base);
		size_msb = fms(size);

		/* All MTRR entries need to have their base aligned to the mask
		 * size. The maximum size is calculated by a function of the
		 * min base bit set and maximum size bit set. */
		if (addr_lsb > size_msb)
			mtrr_size = 1 << size_msb;
		else
			mtrr_size = 1 << addr_lsb;

		if (var_state->commit_mtrrs)
			write_var_mtrr(var_state, base, mtrr_size, mtrr_type);

		size -= mtrr_size;
		base += mtrr_size;
		var_state->mtrr_index++;
	}
}

static void setup_var_mtrrs_by_state(struct var_mtrr_state *var_state)
{
	struct range_entry *r;

	/*
	 * For each range that meets the non-default type process it in the
	 * following manner:
	 * +------------------+ c2 = end
	 * |  0 or more bytes |
	 * +------------------+ b2 = c1 = ALIGN_DOWN(end)
	 * |                  |
	 * +------------------+ b1 = a2 = ALIGN_UP(begin)
	 * |  0 or more bytes |
	 * +------------------+ a1 = begin
	 *
	 * Thus, there are 3 sub-ranges to configure variable MTRRs for.
	 */
	memranges_each_entry(r, var_state->addr_space) {
		uint32_t a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2;
		int mtrr_type = range_entry_tag(r);

		/* Skip default type. */
		if (var_state->def_mtrr_type == mtrr_type)
			continue;

		a1 = range_entry_base_mtrr_addr(r);
		c2 = range_entry_end_mtrr_addr(r);

		/* The end address is under 1MiB. The fixed MTRRs take
		 * precedence over the variable ones. Therefore this range
		 * can be ignored. */
		if (c2 < RANGE_1MB)
			continue;

		/* Again, the fixed MTRRs take precedence so the beginning
		 * of the range can be set to 0 if it starts below 1MiB. */
		if (a1 < RANGE_1MB)
			a1 = 0;

		/* If the range starts above 4GiB the processing is done. */
		if (!var_state->above4gb && a1 >= RANGE_4GB)
			break;

		/* Clip the upper address to 4GiB if addresses above 4GiB
		 * are not being processed. */
		if (!var_state->above4gb && c2 > RANGE_4GB)
			c2 = RANGE_4GB;

		/* Don't align up or down on the range if it is smaller
		 * than the minimum granularity. */
		if ((c2 - a1) < MTRR_MIN_ALIGN) {
			calc_var_mtrr_range(var_state, a1, c2 - a1, mtrr_type);
			continue;
		}

		b1 = a2 = ALIGN_UP(a1, MTRR_MIN_ALIGN);
		b2 = c1 = ALIGN_DOWN(c2, MTRR_MIN_ALIGN);

		calc_var_mtrr_range(var_state, a1, a2 - a1, mtrr_type);
		calc_var_mtrr_range(var_state, b1, b2 - b1, mtrr_type);
		calc_var_mtrr_range(var_state, c1, c2 - c1, mtrr_type);
	}
}

static int calc_var_mtrrs(struct memranges *addr_space,
                          int above4gb, int address_bits)
{
	int wb_deftype_count;
	int uc_deftype_count;
	struct var_mtrr_state var_state;

	/* The default MTRR cacheability type is determined by calculating
	 * the number of MTTRs required for each MTTR type as if it was the
	 * default. */
	var_state.addr_space = addr_space;
	var_state.above4gb = above4gb;
	var_state.address_bits = address_bits;
	var_state.commit_mtrrs = 0;

	var_state.mtrr_index = 0;
	var_state.def_mtrr_type = MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK;
	setup_var_mtrrs_by_state(&var_state);
	wb_deftype_count = var_state.mtrr_index;

	var_state.mtrr_index = 0;
	var_state.def_mtrr_type = MTRR_TYPE_UNCACHEABLE;
	setup_var_mtrrs_by_state(&var_state);
	uc_deftype_count = var_state.mtrr_index;

	printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "MTRR: default type WB/UC MTRR counts: %d/%d.\n",
	       wb_deftype_count, uc_deftype_count);

	if (wb_deftype_count < uc_deftype_count) {
		printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "MTRR: WB selected as default type.\n");
		return MTRR_TYPE_WRBACK;
	}
	printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "MTRR: UC selected as default type.\n");
	return MTRR_TYPE_UNCACHEABLE;
}

static void commit_var_mtrrs(struct memranges *addr_space, int def_type,
                             int above4gb, int address_bits)
{
	struct var_mtrr_state var_state;
	int i;

	var_state.addr_space = addr_space;
	var_state.above4gb = above4gb;
	var_state.address_bits = address_bits;
	/* Write the MSRs. */
	var_state.commit_mtrrs = 1;
	var_state.mtrr_index = 0;
	var_state.def_mtrr_type = def_type;
	setup_var_mtrrs_by_state(&var_state);

	/* Clear all remaining variable MTTRs. */
	for (i = var_state.mtrr_index; i < total_mtrrs; i++)
		clear_var_mtrr(i);
}

void x86_setup_var_mtrrs(unsigned int address_bits, unsigned int above4gb)
{
	static int mtrr_default_type = -1;
	struct memranges *addr_space;

	addr_space = get_physical_address_space();

	if (mtrr_default_type == -1) {
		if (above4gb == 2)
			detect_var_mtrrs();
		mtrr_default_type =
			calc_var_mtrrs(addr_space, !!above4gb, address_bits);
	}

	disable_cache();
	commit_var_mtrrs(addr_space, mtrr_default_type, !!above4gb,
	                 address_bits);
	enable_var_mtrr(mtrr_default_type);
	enable_cache();
}

void x86_setup_mtrrs(void)
{
	int address_size;
	x86_setup_fixed_mtrrs();
	address_size = cpu_phys_address_size();
	printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "CPU physical address size: %d bits\n", address_size);
	x86_setup_var_mtrrs(address_size, 1);
}

int x86_mtrr_check(void)
{
	/* Only Pentium Pro and later have MTRR */
	msr_t msr;
	printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "\nMTRR check\n");

	msr = rdmsr(0x2ff);
	msr.lo >>= 10;

	printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "Fixed MTRRs   : ");
	if (msr.lo & 0x01)
		printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "Enabled\n");
	else
		printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "Disabled\n");

	printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "Variable MTRRs: ");
	if (msr.lo & 0x02)
		printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "Enabled\n");
	else
		printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "Disabled\n");

	printk(BIOS_DEBUG, "\n");

	post_code(0x93);
	return ((int) msr.lo);
}