path: root/ArmPkg/Library/DefaultExceptionHandlerLib/DefaultExceptionHandler.c

/** @file
  Default exception handler

  Copyright (c) 2008 - 2010, Apple Inc. All rights reserved.<BR>
  
  This program and the accompanying materials
  are licensed and made available under the terms and conditions of the BSD License
  which accompanies this distribution.  The full text of the license may be found at
  http://opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php

  THE PROGRAM IS DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE BSD LICENSE ON AN "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.

**/

#include <Uefi.h>
#include <Library/UefiLib.h>
#include <Library/BaseLib.h>
#include <Library/DebugLib.h>
#include <Library/PeCoffGetEntryPointLib.h>
#include <Library/ArmDisassemblerLib.h>

#include <Guid/DebugImageInfoTable.h>
#include <Protocol/DebugSupport.h>
#include <Protocol/LoadedImage.h>


EFI_DEBUG_IMAGE_INFO_TABLE_HEADER *gDebugImageTableHeader = NULL;


typedef struct {
  UINT32  BIT;
  CHAR8   Char;
} CPSR_CHAR;



 
/**
  Use the EFI Debug Image Table to lookup the FaultAddress and find which PE/COFF image 
  it came from. As long as the PE/COFF image contains a debug directory entry a 
  string can be returned. For ELF and Mach-O images the string points to the Mach-O or ELF
  image. Microsoft tools contain a pointer to the PDB file that contains the debug information.

  @param  FaultAddress         Address to find PE/COFF image for. 
  @param  ImageBase            Return load address of found image
  @param  PeCoffSizeOfHeaders  Return the size of the PE/COFF header for the image that was found

  @retval NULL                 FaultAddress not in a loaded PE/COFF image.
  @retval                      Path and file name of PE/COFF image.
  
**/
CHAR8 *
GetImageName (
  IN  UINT32  FaultAddress,
  OUT UINT32  *ImageBase,
  OUT UINT32  *PeCoffSizeOfHeaders
  )
{
  EFI_DEBUG_IMAGE_INFO  *DebugTable;
  UINTN                 Entry;
  CHAR8                 *Address;

  
  DebugTable = gDebugImageTableHeader->EfiDebugImageInfoTable;
  if (DebugTable == NULL) {
    return NULL;
  }

  Address = (CHAR8 *)(UINTN)FaultAddress;
  for (Entry = 0; Entry < gDebugImageTableHeader->TableSize; Entry++, DebugTable++) {
    if (DebugTable->NormalImage != NULL) {
      if ((DebugTable->NormalImage->ImageInfoType == EFI_DEBUG_IMAGE_INFO_TYPE_NORMAL) && 
          (DebugTable->NormalImage->LoadedImageProtocolInstance != NULL)) {
        if ((Address >= (CHAR8 *)DebugTable->NormalImage->LoadedImageProtocolInstance->ImageBase) &&
            (Address <= ((CHAR8 *)DebugTable->NormalImage->LoadedImageProtocolInstance->ImageBase + DebugTable->NormalImage->LoadedImageProtocolInstance->ImageSize))) {
          *ImageBase = (UINT32)DebugTable->NormalImage->LoadedImageProtocolInstance->ImageBase;
          *PeCoffSizeOfHeaders = PeCoffGetSizeOfHeaders ((VOID *)(UINTN)*ImageBase);
          return PeCoffLoaderGetPdbPointer (DebugTable->NormalImage->LoadedImageProtocolInstance->ImageBase);
        }           
      }
    }  
  }

  return NULL;
}


/**
  Convert the Current Program Status Register (CPSR) to a string. The string is 
  a defacto standard in the ARM world. 
  
  It is possible to add extra bits by adding them to CpsrChar array.

  @param  Cpsr         ARM CPSR register value
  @param  ReturnStr    32 byte string that contains string version of CPSR

**/
VOID
CpsrString (
  IN  UINT32  Cpsr,
  OUT CHAR8   *ReturnStr
  )
{
  UINTN Index;
  CHAR8 *Str = ReturnStr;
  CHAR8 *ModeStr;
  CPSR_CHAR CpsrChar[] = {
    { 31, 'n' },
    { 30, 'z' },
    { 29, 'c' },
    { 28, 'v' },

    { 9,  'e' },
    { 8,  'a' },
    { 7,  'i' },
    { 6,  'f' },
    { 5,  't' },
    { 0,  '?' }
  };
  
  for (Index = 0; CpsrChar[Index].BIT != 0; Index++, Str++) {
    *Str = CpsrChar[Index].Char;
    if ((Cpsr & (1 << CpsrChar[Index].BIT)) != 0) {
      // Concert to upper case if bit is set
      *Str &= ~0x20;
    }
  }
  
  *Str++ = '_';
  *Str = '\0';
  
  switch (Cpsr & 0x1f) {
  case 0x10:
    ModeStr = "usr";
    break;
  case 0x011:
    ModeStr = "fiq";
    break;
  case 0x12:
    ModeStr = "irq";
    break;
  case 0x13:
    ModeStr = "svc";
    break;
  case 0x16:
    ModeStr = "mon";
    break;
  case 0x17:
    ModeStr = "abt";
    break;
  case 0x1b:
    ModeStr = "und";
    break;
  case 0x1f:
    ModeStr = "sys";
    break;
  
  default:
    ModeStr = "???";
    break;
  }
  
  AsciiStrCat (Str, ModeStr);
  return;
}  

CHAR8 *
FaultStatusToString (
  IN  UINT32  Status
  )
{
  CHAR8 *FaultSource;

  switch (Status) {
    case 0x01: FaultSource = "Alignment fault"; break;
    case 0x02: FaultSource = "Debug event fault"; break;
    case 0x03: FaultSource = "Access Flag fault on Section"; break;
    case 0x04: FaultSource = "Cache maintenance operation fault[2]"; break;
    case 0x05: FaultSource = "Translation fault on Section"; break;
    case 0x06: FaultSource = "Access Flag fault on Page"; break;
    case 0x07: FaultSource = "Translation fault on Page"; break;
    case 0x08: FaultSource = "Precise External Abort"; break;
    case 0x09: FaultSource = "Domain fault on Section"; break;
    case 0x0b: FaultSource = "Domain fault on Page"; break;
    case 0x0c: FaultSource = "External abort on translation, first level"; break;
    case 0x0d: FaultSource = "Permission fault on Section"; break;
    case 0x0e: FaultSource = "External abort on translation, second level"; break;
    case 0x0f: FaultSource = "Permission fault on Page"; break;
    case 0x16: FaultSource = "Imprecise External Abort"; break;
    default:   FaultSource = "No function"; break;
    }

  return FaultSource;
}


CHAR8 *gExceptionTypeString[] = {
  "Reset",
  "Undefined OpCode",
  "SWI",
  "Prefetch Abort",
  "Data Abort",
  "Undefined",
  "IRQ",
  "FIQ"
};


/**
  This is the default action to take on an unexpected exception
  
  Since this is exception context don't do anything crazy like try to allcoate memory.

  @param  ExceptionType    Type of the exception
  @param  SystemContext    Register state at the time of the Exception


**/
VOID
DefaultExceptionHandler (
  IN     EFI_EXCEPTION_TYPE           ExceptionType,
  IN OUT EFI_SYSTEM_CONTEXT           SystemContext
  )
{
  UINT32    DfsrStatus;
  UINT32    IfsrStatus;
  BOOLEAN   DfsrWrite;
  UINT32    PcAdjust = 0;

  DEBUG ((EFI_D_ERROR, "\n%a Exception PC at 0x%08x  CPSR 0x%08x ", gExceptionTypeString[ExceptionType], SystemContext.SystemContextArm->PC, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->CPSR));
  DEBUG_CODE_BEGIN ();
    CHAR8   *Pdb;
    UINT32  ImageBase;
    UINT32  PeCoffSizeOfHeader;
    UINT32  Offset;
    CHAR8   CpsrStr[32];  // char per bit. Lower 5-bits are mode that is a 3 char string
    CHAR8   Buffer[80];
    UINT8   *DisAsm;
    UINT32  ItBlock;
    
    CpsrString (SystemContext.SystemContextArm->CPSR, CpsrStr);
    DEBUG ((EFI_D_ERROR, "%a\n", CpsrStr));
  
    Pdb = GetImageName (SystemContext.SystemContextArm->PC, &ImageBase, &PeCoffSizeOfHeader);
    Offset = SystemContext.SystemContextArm->PC - ImageBase;
    if (Pdb != NULL) {
      DEBUG ((EFI_D_ERROR, "%a\n", Pdb));

      //
      // A PE/COFF image loads its headers into memory so the headers are 
      // included in the linked addressess. ELF and Mach-O images do not
      // include the headers so the first byte of the image is usually
      // text (code). If you look at link maps from ELF or Mach-O images
      // you need to subtact out the size of the PE/COFF header to get
      // get the offset that matches the link map. 
      //
      DEBUG ((EFI_D_ERROR, "loaded at 0x%08x (PE/COFF offset) 0x%x (ELF or Mach-O offset) 0x%x", ImageBase, Offset, Offset - PeCoffSizeOfHeader));
      
      // If we come from an image it is safe to show the instruction. We know it should not fault
      DisAsm = (UINT8 *)(UINTN)SystemContext.SystemContextArm->PC;
      ItBlock = 0;
      DisassembleInstruction (&DisAsm, (SystemContext.SystemContextArm->CPSR & BIT5) == BIT5, TRUE, &ItBlock, Buffer, sizeof (Buffer));
      DEBUG ((EFI_D_ERROR, "\n%a", Buffer));
      
      switch (ExceptionType) {
      case EXCEPT_ARM_UNDEFINED_INSTRUCTION:
      case EXCEPT_ARM_SOFTWARE_INTERRUPT:
      case EXCEPT_ARM_PREFETCH_ABORT:
      case EXCEPT_ARM_DATA_ABORT:
        // advance PC past the faulting instruction
        PcAdjust = (UINTN)DisAsm - SystemContext.SystemContextArm->PC;
        break;
      
      default:
        break;
      }

    }
  DEBUG_CODE_END ();
  DEBUG ((EFI_D_ERROR, "\n  R0 0x%08x   R1 0x%08x   R2 0x%08x   R3 0x%08x\n", SystemContext.SystemContextArm->R0, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->R1, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->R2, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->R3));
  DEBUG ((EFI_D_ERROR, "  R4 0x%08x   R5 0x%08x   R6 0x%08x   R7 0x%08x\n", SystemContext.SystemContextArm->R4, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->R5, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->R6, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->R7));
  DEBUG ((EFI_D_ERROR, "  R8 0x%08x   R9 0x%08x  R10 0x%08x  R11 0x%08x\n", SystemContext.SystemContextArm->R8, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->R9, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->R10, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->R11));
  DEBUG ((EFI_D_ERROR, " R12 0x%08x   SP 0x%08x   LR 0x%08x   PC 0x%08x\n", SystemContext.SystemContextArm->R12, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->SP, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->LR, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->PC));
  DEBUG ((EFI_D_ERROR, "DFSR 0x%08x DFAR 0x%08x IFSR 0x%08x IFAR 0x%08x\n", SystemContext.SystemContextArm->DFSR, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->DFAR, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->IFSR, SystemContext.SystemContextArm->IFAR));

  // Bit10 is Status[4] Bit3:0 is Status[3:0]
  DfsrStatus = (SystemContext.SystemContextArm->DFSR & 0xf) | ((SystemContext.SystemContextArm->DFSR >> 6) & 0x10);
  DfsrWrite = (SystemContext.SystemContextArm->DFSR & BIT11) != 0;
  if (DfsrStatus != 0x00) {
    DEBUG ((EFI_D_ERROR, " %a: %a 0x%08x\n", FaultStatusToString (DfsrStatus), DfsrWrite ? "write to" : "read from", SystemContext.SystemContextArm->DFAR));
  }

  IfsrStatus = (SystemContext.SystemContextArm->IFSR & 0xf) | ((SystemContext.SystemContextArm->IFSR >> 6) & 0x10);
  if (IfsrStatus != 0) {
    DEBUG ((EFI_D_ERROR, " Instruction %a at 0x%08x\n", FaultStatusToString (SystemContext.SystemContextArm->IFSR & 0xf), SystemContext.SystemContextArm->IFAR));
  }

  DEBUG ((EFI_D_ERROR, "\n"));
  ASSERT (FALSE);
  
  // Clear the error registers that we have already displayed incase some one wants to keep going
  SystemContext.SystemContextArm->DFSR = 0;
  SystemContext.SystemContextArm->IFSR = 0;

  // If some one is stepping past the exception handler adjust the PC to point to the next instruction 
  SystemContext.SystemContextArm->PC += PcAdjust;
}




/**
  The constructor function caches EFI Debug table information for use in the exception handler.
  

  @param  ImageHandle   The firmware allocated handle for the EFI image.
  @param  SystemTable   A pointer to the EFI System Table.
  
  @retval EFI_SUCCESS   The constructor always returns EFI_SUCCESS.

**/
EFI_STATUS
EFIAPI
DefaultExceptionHandlerConstructor (
  IN EFI_HANDLE                ImageHandle,
  IN EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE          *SystemTable
  )
{
  EFI_STATUS  Status;
  
  
  Status = EfiGetSystemConfigurationTable (&gEfiDebugImageInfoTableGuid, (VOID **)&gDebugImageTableHeader);
  if (EFI_ERROR (Status)) {
    gDebugImageTableHeader = NULL;
  }
  return Status;
}