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authorTong Hui <tonghuix@gmail.com>2016-09-14 17:53:07 +0800
committerTong Hui <tonghuix@gmail.com>2016-09-14 17:53:07 +0800
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-GNU通用公共许可协议
-===================
-> 中文翻译:阮坤良<peterrk@pku.edu.cn>,源出处:<http://mprc.pku.edu.cn/~ruankunliang/gpl3.html>
+## GNU通用公共许可证
-第三版,2007年6月29日
-
-版权所有 © 2007 自由软件基金会 <http://fsf.org/>
-
-任何人皆可复制和发布本协议的完整副本,但不得修改
+> 中文翻译:bergwolf <bergwolf@gmail.com> ,源出处:<https://sites.google.com/site/bergwolf02/gplv3_zh>
-### 【译者声明】
+### 声明
  This is an unofficial translation of the GNU General Public License
into Chinese. It was not published by the Free Software Foundation, and
@@ -18,980 +12,260 @@ GPL](http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html) does that. However, we
hope that this translation will help Chinese speakers understand the GNU
GPL better.
-  这是GNU通用公共许可协议的一份非官方中文翻译,并非自由软件基金会所发表,不适用于使用GNU通用公共许可协议发布的软件的法律声明——只有[GNU通用公共许可协议英文原版](http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html)才具有法律效力。不过我们希望本翻译能够帮助中文读者更好地理解GNU通用公共许可协议。
+这是一份GNU通用公共授权的非官方中文简体翻译。它并非由自由软件基金会发布,也不是使用GNU通用公共授权的软件的法定发布条款——只有[GNU通用公共授权的英文原版](http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html)具有这样的效力。然而,我们希望这份翻译能够帮助中文读者更好的理解GNU通用公共授权。
-本译作采用CC BY-ND 3.0国际许可协议发布。
-
-### 【引言】
-
-  GNU通用公共许可协议是一份面向软件及其他类型作品的,自由的版权共产协议。
+第三版,2007年6月29日
-  就多数软件而言,许可协议被设计用于剥夺你分享和修改软件的自由。相反,GNU通用公共许可协议力图保障你分享和修改某程序全部版本的权利——确保自由软件对其用户来说是自由的。我们自由软件基金会将GNU通用公共许可协议用于我们的大多数软件,并为一些其他作品的作者效仿。你也可以将本协议用于你的程序。
+版权所有 © 2007 自由软件基金会 <http://fsf.org/>
-  所谓自由软件,强调自由,而非免费。本GNU通用公共许可协议设计用于确保你享有分发自由软件的自由(你可以为此服务收费),确保你可以在需要的时候获得这些软件的源码,确保你可以修改这些软件或者在新的自由软件中复用其中某些片段,并且确保你在这方面享有知情权。
+允许所有人复制和发布本授权文件的完整版本
-  为保障你的权益,我们需要作一些限定:禁止任何人否认你的上述权利,或者要求你放弃它们。因此,当你分发或修改这些软件时,你有一定的责任——尊重他人的自由。如果你分发这种程序的副本,无论收费还是免费,你必须给予与你同等的权利。你还要确保他们也能收到源码并了解他们的权利。
+但不允许对它进行任何修改
-  采用GNU通用公共许可协议的开发者通过两步保障你的权益:其一,申明软件的版权;其二,通过本协议使你可以合法地复制、分发和修改该软件。
+### 导言
-  为了保护每一位作者和开发者,GNU通用公共许可协议指明一点:自由软件并没有品质担保。为用户和作者双方着想,GNU通用公共许可协议要求修改版必须有标记,以免其问题被错误地归到先前版本的作者身上。
+GNU 通用公共授权是一份针对软件和其他种类作品的自由的 copyleft 授权文件。
-  某些设备设计成拒绝用户安装运行修改过的软件,但厂商不受限。这和我们保护用户享有修改软件的自由的宗旨存在根本性矛盾。该滥用协议的模式出现于个人用品领域,这恰是最不可接受的。因此,我们设计了这版GNU通用公共许可协议来禁止这类产品。如果此类问题在其他领域涌现,我们时刻准备着在将来的版本中把规定扩展到相应领域,以保护用户的自由。
+大多数软件授权申明被设计为剥夺您共享和修改软件的自由。相反地,GNU通用公共授权力图保护您分享和修改自由软件地自由——以确保软件对所有使用者都是自由的。我们,自由软件基金会,对我们的大多数软件使用GNU通用公共授权;本授权同样适用于任何其作者以这种方式发布的软件。您也可以让您的软件使用本授权。
-  最后,每个程序都持续受到软件专利的威胁。政府不应该允许专利限制通用计算机软件的开发和应用,在做不到这点时,我们希望避免专利应用有效地使自由软件私有化的危险。就此,GNU通用公共许可协议保证专利不能使程序非自由化。
+当我们谈论自由软件时,我们指的是行为的自由,而非价格免费。GNU通用公共授权被设计为确保您拥有发布自由软件副本(以及为此收费,如果您希望的话)的自由,确保您能收到源代码或者在您需要时能获取源代码,确保您能修改软件或者将它的一部分用于新的自由软件,并且确保您知道您能做这些事情。
-  下文是关于复制、分发和修改的严谨描述和实施条件。
+为了保护您的权利,我们需要做出要求,禁止任何人否认您的这些权利或者要求您放弃这些权利。因此,如果您发布此软件的副本或者修改它,您就需要肩负起尊重他人自由的责任。
-### 【关于复制、分发和修改的术语和条件】
+例如,如果您发布自由软件的副本,无论以免费还是以收费的模式,您都必须把您获得的自由同样的给予副本的接收者。您必须确保他们也能收到或者得到源代码。而且您必须向他们展示这些条款,以使他们知道自己享有这样的权利。
-〇、定义
+使用GNU通用公共授权的开发者通过两项措施来保护您的权利:(1)声明软件的版权;(2)向您提供本授权文件以给您复制、发布并且/或者修改软件的法律许可。
-  “本协议”指GNU通用公共许可协议第三版。
+为了保护软件开发者和作者,通用公共授权明确阐释自由软件没有任何担保责任。如用户和软件作者所希望的,通用公共授权要求软件被修改过的版本必须明确标示,从而避免它们的问题被错误地归咎于先前的版本。
-  “版权”也指适用于诸如半导体掩模的其他类型作品的类似法律。
+某些设备被设计成拒绝用户安装或运行其内部软件的修改版本,尽管制造商可以安装和运行它们。这从根本上违背了通用公共授权保护用户能修改软件的自由的宗旨。此类滥用本授权的系统模式出现在了最让人无法接受的个人用户产品领域。因此,我们设计了这个版本的通用公共授权来禁止那些产品的侵权行为。如果此类问题在其他领域大量出现,我们准备好了在将来的通用公共授权版本里扩展这项规定,以保护用户的自由。
-  “本程序”指任何在本协议保护下的有版权的作品。每个许可获得者称作“你”。“许可获得者”和“接收者”可以是个人或组织。
+最后,每个程序都经常受到软件专利的威胁。政府不应该允许专利权限制通用计算机软件的发展和使用,但是在政府确实允许这种事情的地区,我们希望避免应用于自由软件的专利权使该软件有效私有化的危险。为了阻止这样的事情的发生,通用公共授权确保没有人能够使用专利权使得自由软件非自由化。
-  “修改”一个作品指需要版权许可的的复制及对作品全面的全面或部分改编行为,有别于制作副本。所产生的作品称作前作的“修改版”,或“基于”前作的作品。
+以下是复制,发布和修改软件的详细条款和条件。
-  “受保护作品”指程序或其派生作品。
+### 条款和条件
-  “传播”作品指那些未经许可就会在适用版权法律下构成直接或间接侵权的行为,不包括在计算机上运行和私下的修改。传播包括复制、分发(无论修改与否)、向公众公开,以及在某些国家的其他行为。
+**1.定义**
-  “转发”作品指让他方能够制作或者接收副本的行为。仅仅通过计算机网络和用户交互,没有传输副本,则不算转发。
+“本授权”指GNU通用公共授权第三版
-  一个显示“适当的法律声明”的交互式用户界面应包括一个便捷而醒目的可视化特性:(1)显示适当的版权声明;(2)告知用户没有品质担保(提供了品质担保的情况除外),许可获得者可以在本协议约束下转发该作品,及查看本协议副本的途径。如果该界面提供一个命令列表,如菜单,其表项应符合上述规范。
+“版权”一词同样指适用于其他产品如半导体掩膜等的保护版权的法律。
-一、源码
+“本程序”指任何在本授权下发布的受版权保护的作品。被授权人称为“您”。“被授权人”和“版权接受者”可以是个人或组织。
-  作品的源码指其可修改的首选形式,目标码指所有其他形式。
+“修改”作品是指从软件中拷贝或者做出全部或一丁点儿的修改,这不同于逐字逐句的复制,是需要版权许可的。修改成果被称为先前作品的“修改版本”或者“基于”先前作品的软件。
-  “标准接口”指标准化组织定义的官方标准中的接口,或针为某种编程语言设定的接口中为开发者广泛使用的接口。
+“覆盖程序”指未被修改过的本程序或者基于本程序的程序。
-  可执行作品中的“系统库”不是指整个程序,而是涵盖此等内容:(a)以通常形式和主部件打包到一起却并非后者一部分,且(b)仅为和主部件一起使作品可用或实现某些已有公开实现源码的接口。“主部件”在这里指可执行作品运行依赖的操作系统(如果存在)的必要部件(内核、窗口系统等),生成该作品的编译器,或运行所需的目标码解释器。
+“传播”程序指使用该程序做任何如果没有许可就会在适用的版权法下直接或间接侵权的事情,不包括在电脑上执行程序或者是做出您不与人共享的修改。传播包括复制,分发(无论修改与否),向公众共享,以及在某些国家的其他行为。
-  目标码形式的作品中“相应的源码”指所有修改作品及生成、安装、运行(对可执行作品而言)目标码所需的源码,包括控制上述行为的脚本。可是,其中不包括系统库、通用工具、未修改直接用于支持上述行为却不是该作品一部分的通常可得的自由软件。例如,相应的源码包含配合作品源文件的接口定义,以及共享库和作品专门依赖的动态链接子程序的源码。这里的依赖体现为频密的数据交换或者该子程序和作品其他部分的控制流切换。
+“发布”作品指任何让其他组织制作或者接受副本的传播行为。仅仅通过电脑网络和一个用户交流,且没有发送程序拷贝的行为不是发布。
-  相应的源码不必包含那些用户可以通过源码其他部分自动生成的内容。
+一个显示“适当的法律通告”的交互的用户接口应包括这样一个方便而显著的可视部件,它具有以下功能:(1)显示一个合适的版权通告;(2)告诉用户对本程序没有任何担保责任(除非有担保明确告知),受权人可以在本授权下发布本程序,以及如果阅读本授权协议的副本。如果该接口显示了一个用户命令或选项列表,比如菜单,该列表中的选项需要符合上述规范。
-  源码形式作品的相应源码即其本身。
+**2.源代码**
-二、基本许可
+“源代码”指修改程序常用的形式。“目标代码”指程序的任何非源代码形式。
-  本协议的一切授权都是对本程序的版权而言的,并且在所述条件都满足时不可撤销。本协议明确批准你不受限制地运行本程序的未修改版本。受保护作品的运行输出,仅当其内容构成一个受保护作品时,才会为本协议所约束。如版权法所赋予,本协议承认你正当使用或与之等价的权利。
+“标准接口”有两种含义,一是由标准组织分支定义的官方标准;二是针对某种语言专门定义的众多接口中,在该类语言的开发者中广为使用的那种接口。
-  只要你获得的许可仍有效,你可以制作、运行和传播那些你并不转发的受保护作品。只要你遵守本协议中关于转发你不占有版权的材料的条款,你可以向他人转发,仅仅以求对方为你做定制或向你提供运行这些作品的工具。那些为你制作或运行这些受保护作品的人,应该在你的指引和控制下,谨代表你工作,即禁止他们在双方关系之外制作任何你提供的受版权保护材料的副本。
+可执行程序的“系统库”不是指整个程序,而是指任何包含于主要部件但不属于该部件的部分,并且只是为了使能该部件而开发,或者为了实现某些已有公开源代码的标准接口。“主要部件”在这里指的是执行程序的特定操作系统(如果有的话)的主要的关键部件(内核,窗口系统等),或者生成该可执行程序时使用的编译器,或者运行该程序的目标代码解释器。
-  仅当满足后文所述条件时,其他各种情况下的转发才是允许的。不允许再授权行为,而第十条的存在使再授权变得没有必要。
+目标代码中的程序“对应的源代码”指所有生成,安装,(对可执行程序而言)运行该目标代码和修改该程序所需要的源代码,包括控制这些行为的脚本。但是,它不包括程序需要的系统库,通用目的的工具,以及程序在完成某些功能时不经修改地使用的那些不包括在程序中的普遍可用的自由软件。例如,对应的源代码包括与程序的源文件相关的接口定义文件,以及共享库中的源代码和该程序设计需要的通过如频繁的数据交互或者这些子程序和该程序其他部分之间的控制流等方式获得的动态链接子程序。
-三、保护用户的合法权益免受反破解法限制
+对应的源代码不需要包含任何拥护可以从这些资源的其他部分自动再生的资源。
-  在任何满足1996年12月20日通过的WIPO版权条约第11章要求的法律,或类似的禁止或限制技术手段破解的法律下,受保护作品不应该视为有效技术手段的一部分。
+源代码形式的程序对应的源代码定义同上。
-  当你转发一个受保护作品时,你将失去任何通过法律途径限制技术手段破解的权力,乃至于通过行使本协议所予权利实现的破解。你即已表明无心通过限制用户操作或修改受保护作品来确保你或第三方关于禁止技术手段破解的法定权利。
+**3.基本的许可**
-四、转发完整副本
+所有在本授权协议下授予的权利都是对本程序的版权而言,并且只要所述的条件都满足了,这些授权是不能收回的。本授权明确的确认您可以不受任何限制地运行本程序的未修改版本。运行一个本授权覆盖的程序获得的结果只有在该结果的内容构成一个覆盖程序的时候才由本授权覆盖。本授权承认您正当使用或版权法规定的其它类似行为的权利。
-  你可以通过任何媒介发布你接收到的本程序的完整源码副本,但要做到:为每一个副本醒目而恰当地发布版权;完整地保留关于本协议及按第七条加入的非许可性条款;完整地保留免责声明;给接收者附上一份本协议的副本。
+只要您的授权仍然有效,您可以无条件地制作,运行和传播那些您不发布的覆盖程序。只要您遵守本授权中关于发布您不具有版权的资料的条款,您可以向别人发布覆盖程序,以要求他们为您做出专门的修改或者向您提供运行这些程序的简易设备。那些为您制作或运行覆盖程序的人作为您专门的代表也必须在您的指示和控制下做到这些,请禁止他们在他们和您的关系之外制作任何您拥有版权的程序的副本。
-  你可以免费或收费转发,也可以选择提供技术支持或品质担保以换取收入。
+当下述条件满足的时候,在任何其他情况下的发布都是允许的。
-五、转发修改过的源码版本
+转授许可证授权是不允许的,第10节让它变的没有必要了。
-  你可以以源码形式转发基于本程序的作品或修改的内容,除满足第四条外还需要满足以下几点要求:
+**4.保护用户的合法权利不受反破解法侵犯**
-  a)该作品必须带有醒目的修改声明及相应的日期。
+在任何实现1996年通过的世界知识产权组织版权条约第11章中所述任务的法律,或者是禁止或限制这种破解方法的类似法律下,覆盖程序都不会被认定为有效的技术手段的一部分。
-  b)该作品必须带有醒目的声明,指出其在本协议及任何符合第七条的附加条件下发布。这个要求修正了第四条关于“完整保留”的内容。
+当您发布一个覆盖程序时,您将放弃任何禁止技术手段破解的法律力量,甚至在本授权关于覆盖程序的条款下执行权利也能完成破解。同时,您放弃任何限制用户操作或修改该覆盖程序以执行您禁止技术手段破解的合法权利的企图。
-  c)你必须按照本协议将该作品整体向想要获得许可的人授权,本协议及符合第七条的附加条款就此适用于整个作品,即其每一部分,不管如何建包。本协议不允许以其他形式授权该作品,但如果你收到别的许可则另当别论。
+**5.发布完整副本**
-  d)如果该作品有交互式用户界面,则其必须显示适当的法律声明。然而,当本程序有交互式用户界面却不显示适当的法律声明时,你的作品也不必。
+你可以通过任何媒介发布本程序源代码的未被修改过的完整副本,只要您显著而适当地在每个副本上发布一个合适的版权通告;保持完整所有叙述本授权和任何按照第7节加入的非许可的条款;保持完整所有的免责申明;并随程序给所有的接受者一份本授权。
-一个在存储或分发媒介上的受保护作品和其他分离的单体作品的联合作品,在既不是该受保护作品的自然扩展,也不以构筑更大的程序为目的,并且自身及其产生的版权并非用于限制单体作品给予联合作品用户的访问及其他合法权利时,称为“聚合体”。在聚合作品中包含受保护作品并不会使本协议影响聚合作品的其他部分。
+您可以为您的副本收取任何价格的费用或者免费,你也可以提供技术支持或者责任担保来收取费用。
-六、以非源码形式转发
+**6.发布修改过的源码版本**
-  你可以如第四条和第五条所述那样以目标码形式转发受保护作品,同时在本协议规范下以如下方式之一转发机器可读的对应源码:
+您可以在第4节的条款下以源码形式发布一个基于本程序的软件,或者从本程序中制作该软件需要进行的修改,只要您同时满足所有以下条件:
-  a)目标码通过实体产品(涵盖某种实体分发媒介)转发时,通过常用于软件交换的耐用型实体媒介随同转发相应的源码。
+* a)制作的软件必须包含明确的通告说明您修改了它,并给出相应的修改日期。
-  b)目标码通过实体产品(涵盖某种实体分发媒介)转发时,伴以具有至少三年且与售后服务等长有效期的书面承诺,给予目标码的持有者:(1)包含产品全部软件的相应源码的常用于软件交换的耐用型实体媒介,且收费不超过其合理的转发成本;或者(2)通过网络免费获得相应源码的途径。
+* b)制作的软件必须包含明确的通告,陈述它在本授权下发布并指出任何按照第7节加入的条件。这条要求修改了第4节的“保持所有通知完整”的要求。
-  c)单独转发目标码时,伴以提供源码的书面承诺。本选项仅在你收到目标码及b项形式的承诺的情况下可选。
+* c)您必须把整个软件作为一个整体向任何获取副本的人按照本授权协议授权。本授权因此会和任何按照第7节加入的条款一起,对整个软件及其所有部分,无论是以什么形式打包的,起法律效力。本授权不允许以其他任何形式授权该软件,但如果您个别地收到这样的许可,本授权并不否定该许可。
-  d)通过在指定地点提供目标码获取服务(无论是否收费)的形式转发目标码时,在同一地点以同样的方式提供对等的源码获取服务,并不得额外收费。你不以要求接收者在复制目标码的同时复制源码。如果提供目标码复制的地点为网络服务器,相应的源码可以提供在另一个支持相同复制功能的服务器上(由你或者第三方运营),不过你要在目标码处指出相应源码的确切路径。不管你用什么源码服务器,你有义务要确保持续可用以满足这些要求。
+* d)如果您制作的软件包含交互的用户接口,每个用户接口都必须显示适当的法律通告;但是,如果本程序包含没有显示适当的法律通告的交互接口,您的软件没有必要修改他们让他们显示。
-  e)通过点对点传输转发目标码时,告知其他节点目标码和源码在何处以d项形式向大众免费提供。
+如果一个覆盖程序和其他本身不是该程序的扩展的程序的联合体,这样的联合的目的不是为了在某个存储或发布媒体上生成更大的程序,且联合体程序和相应产生的版权没有用来限制程序的使用或限制单个程序赋予的联合程序的用户的合法权利的时候,这样的联合体就被称为“聚集体”。在聚集体中包含覆盖程序并不会使本授权应用于该聚集体的其他部分。
-  “面向用户的产品”指(1)“消费品”,即个人、家庭或日常用途的个人有形财产;或者(2)面向社会团体设计或销售,却落入居家之物。在判断一款产品是否消费品时,争议案例的判断将向利于扩大保护靠拢。就特定用户接收到特定产品而言,“正常使用”指对此类产品的典型或一般使用,不管该用户的身份,该用户对该产品的实际用法,以及该产品的预期用法。无论产品是否实质上具有商业上的,工业上的,及非面向消费者的用法,它都视为消费品,除非以上用法代表了它唯一的重要使用模式。
+**7.发布非源码形式的副本**
-  “安装信息”对面向用户的产品而言,指基于修改过的源码安装运行该产品中的受保护作品的修改版所需的方法、流程、认证码及其他信息。这些信息必须足以保证修改过的目标码不会仅仅因为被修改过而不能继续工作。
+您可以在第4,5节条款下以目标代码形式发布程序,只要您同时以一下的一种方式在本授权条款下发布机器可读的对应的源代码:
-  如果你根据本条在,或随,或针对一款面向用户的产品,以目标码形式转发某作品,且转发体现于该产品的所有权和使用权永久或者在一定时期内转让予接收者的过程(无论其有何特点),根据本条进行的源码转发必须伴有安装信息。不过,如果你和第三方都没有保留在该产品上安装修改后的目标码的能力(如作品安装在ROM上),这项要求不成立。
+* a)在物理产品(包括一个物理的发布媒介)中或作为其一部分发布目标代码,并在通常用于软件交换的耐用的物理媒介中发布对应的源代码。
-  要求提供安装信息并不要求为修改或安装的作品,以及其载体产品继续提供技术支持、品质担保和升级。当修改本身对网络运行有实质上的负面影响,或违背了网络通信协议和规则时,可以拒绝其联网。
+* b)在物理产品(包括一个物理的发布媒介)中或作为其一部分发布目标代码,并附上有效期至少3年且与您为该产品模型提供配件或客户服务的时间等长的书面承诺,给予每个拥有该目标代码的人(1)要么在通常用于软件交换的耐用物理媒介中,以不高于您执行这种源码的发布行为所花费的合理费用的价格,一份该产品中所有由本授权覆盖的软件的对应的源代码的拷贝;(2)要么通过网络服务器免费提供这些对应源代码的访问。
-  根据本条发布的源码及安装信息,必须以公共的文件格式(并且存在可用的空开源码的处理工具)存在,同时不得对解压、阅读和复制设置任何密码。
+* c)单独地发布目标代码的副本,并附上一份提供对应源代码的书面承诺。这种行为只允许偶尔发生并不能盈利,且在您收到的目标代码附有第6节b规定的承诺的时候。
-七、附加条款
+* d)在指定的地点(免费或收费地)提供发布的目标代码的访问并在同样的地点以不增加价格的方式提供对应源代码的同样的访问权。您不需要要求接收者在复制目标代码的时候一道复制对应的源代码。如果复制目标代码的地点是网络服务器,对应的源代码可以在另外一个支持相同复制功能的服务器上(由您或者第三方运作),只要您在目标代码旁边明确指出在哪里可以找到对应的源代码。无论什么样的服务器提供这些对应的源代码,您都有义务保证它在任何有需求的时候都可用,从而满足本条规定。
-  “附加许可”用于补充本协议,以允许一些例外情况。合乎适用法律的对整个程序适用的附加许可,应该被视为本协议的内容。如果附加许可作用于程序的某部分,则该部分受此附加许可约束,而其他部分不受其影响。
+* e)用点对点传输发布目标代码,您需要告知其他的节点目标代码和对应的源代码在哪里按照第6节d的条款向大众免费提供。
-  当你转发本程序时,你可以选择性删除副本或其部分的附加条款。(附加条款可以写明在某些情况下要求你修改时删除该条款。)在你拥有或可授予恰当版权许可的受保护作品中,你可以在你添加的材料上附加许可。
+目标代码中可分离的部分,其源代码作为系统库不包含在对应的源代码中,不需要包含在发布目标代码的行为中。
-  尽管已存在本协议的其他条款,对你添加到受保护作品的材料,你可以(如果你获得该材料版权持有人的授权)以如下条款补充本协议:
+“用户产品”指(1)“消费品”,即通常用于个人的、家庭的或日常目的的有形个人财产;或者(2)任何为公司设计或销售却卖给了个人的东西。在判断一个产品是否消费品时,有疑点的案例将以有利于覆盖面的结果加以判断。对特定用户接收到的特定产品,“正常使用”指该类产品的典型的或通常的使用,无论该用户的特殊情况,或者该用户实际使用该产品的情况,或者该产品要求的使用方式如何。一个产品是否是消费品与该产品是否具有实质的经济上的、工业的或非消费品的用处无关,除非该用处是此类产品唯一的重要使用模式。
-  a)表示不提供品质担保或有超出十五、十六条的责任。
+用户产品的“安装信息”指从对应源码的修改版本安装和运行该用户产品中包含的覆盖程序的修改版本所需要的任何方法、过程、授权密钥或其他信息。这些信息必须足以保证修改后的目标代码不会仅仅因为被修改过而不能继续运行。
-  b)要求在此材料中或在适当的法律声明中保留特定的合理法律声明或创作印记。
+如果您在本节条款下在用户产品中,或随同,或专门为了其中的使用,发布目标代码程序,而在发布过程中用户产品的所有权和使用权都永久地或在一定时期内(无论此项发布的特点如何)传递给了接收者,在本节所述的条款下发布的对应的源代码必须包含安装信息。但是如果您或者任何第三方组织都没有保留在用户产品上安装修改过的目标代码的能力(比如程序被安装在了ROM上),那么这项要求不会生效。
-  c)禁止误传材料的起源,或要求合理标示修改以别于原版。
+提供安装信息的要求并没有要求为接收者修改或安装过的程序,或者修改或安装该程序的用户产品,继续提供支持服务、担保或升级。当修改本身实际上相反地影响了网络的运行,或者违反了网络通信的规则和协议时,网络访问可以被拒绝。
-  d)限制以宣传为目的使用该材料的作者或授权人的名号。
+根据本节发布的对应源代码和提供的安装信息必须以公共的文件格式发布(并附加一个该类型文档的实现方法以源码形式向公众共享),解压缩、阅读或复制这些信息不能要求任何密码。
-  e)降低约束以便赋予在商标法下使用商品名、商品标识及服务标识。
+**8.附加条款**
-  f)要求任何转发该材料(或其修改版)并对接收者提供契约性责任许诺的人,保证这种许诺不会给作者或授权人带来连带责任。
+“附加许可”是通过允许一些本授权的特例来补充本授权的条款。只要它们在使用法律下合法,对整个程序都生效的附加许可就应当被认为是本授权的内容。如果附加许可只是对本程序的一部分生效,那么该部分可以在那些许可下独立使用,但整个程序是在本授权管理下,无论附加许可如何。
-  此外的非许可性附加条款都被视作第十条所说的“进一步的限制”。如果你接收到的程序或其部分,声称受本协议约束,却补充了这种进一步的限制条款,你可以去掉它们。如果某许可协议包含进一步的限制条款,但允许通过本协议再授权或转发,你可以通过本协议再授权或转发加入了受前协议管理的材料,不过要同时移除上述条款。
+当您发布覆盖程序的副本时,您可以选择删除该副本或其部分的任何附加许可。(当您修改程序时,附加许可可能要求在某些情况下将自身删除)。您可以把附加许可放在材料上,加入到您拥有或能授予版权许可的覆盖程序中。
-  如果你根据本条向受保护作品添加了调控,你必须在相关的源文件中加入对应的声明,或者指出哪里可以找到它们。
+尽管本授权在别处有提供,对于您加入到程序中的材料,您可以(如果您由该材料的版权所有者授权的话)用以下条款补充本授权:
-  附加条款,不管是许可性的还是非许可性的,可以以独立的书面协议出现,也可以声明为例外情况,两种做法都可以实现上述要求。
+a. 拒绝担保责任或以与本授权第15和16小节条款不同的方式限制责任;或者
-八、终止授权
+b. 要求保留特定的合理法律通告,或者该材料中或包含于适当法律通告中的该程序的作者贡献;或者
-  除非在本协议明确授权下,你不得传播或修改受保护作品。其他任何传播或修改受保护作品的企图都是无效的,并将自动中止你通过本协议获得的权利(包括第十一条第3段中提到的专利授权)。
+c. 禁止误传该材料的来源,或者要求该材料的修改版本以合理的方式标志为与原版本不同的版本;或者
-  然而,当你不再违反本协议时,你从特定版权持有人处获得的授权恢复:(1)暂时恢复,直到版权持有人明确终止;(2)永久恢复,如果版权持有人没能在60天内以合理的方式指出你的侵权行为。
+d. 限制以宣传为目的的使用该材料作者或授权人的姓名;或者
-  再者,如果你第一次收到了特定版权持有人关于你违反本协议(对任意作品)的通告,且在收到通告后30天内改正,那你可以继续享此有授权。
+e. 降低授权级别以在商标法下使用一些商品名称,商标或服务标记;或者
-  当你享有的权利如本条所述被中止时,已经从你那根据本协议获得授权的他方的权利不会因此中止。在你的权利恢复之前,你没有资格凭第十条获得同一材料的授权。
+f. 要求任何发布该材料(或其修改版本)的人用对接收者的责任假设合同对授权人和材料作者进行保护,避免任何这样的假设合同直接造成授权人和作者的责任。
-九、持有副本无需接受协议
+所有其他不许可的附加条款都被认为是第10节中的“进一步的约束”。如果您收到的程序或者其部分,声称自己由本授权管理,并补充了进一步约束,那么您可以删除这些约束。如果一个授权文件包含进一步约束,但是允许再次授权或者在本授权下发布,只要这样的进一步的约束在这样的再次授权或发布中无法保留下来,您就可以在覆盖程序中加入该授权文件条款管理下的材料。
-  你不必为接收或运行本程序而接受本协议。类似的,仅仅因点对点传输接收到副本引发的对受保护作品的辅助性传播,并不要求接受本协议。但是,除本协议外没有什么可以授权你传播或修改任何受保护作品。如果你不接受本协议,这些行为就侵犯了版权。因此,一旦修改和传播一个受保护作品,就表明你接受本协议。
+如果您依据本小节向覆盖程序添加条款,您必须在相关的源码文件中加入一个应用于那些文件的附加条款的声明或者指明在哪里可以找到这些条款的通告。
-十、对下游接收者的自动授权
+附加的条款,无论是许可的还是非许可的条款,都可以写在一个单独的书面授权中,或者申明为例外情况;这两种方法都可以实现上述要求。
-  每当你转发一个受保护作品,其接收者自动获得来自初始授权人的授权,依照本协议可以运行、修改和传播此作。你没有要求第三方遵守该协议的义务。
+**9.终止授权**
-  “实体事务”指转移一个组织的控制权或全部资产、或拆分或合并组织的事务。如果实体事务导致一个受保护作品的传播,则事务中各收到作品副本方,都有获得前利益相关者享有或可以如前段所述提供的对该作品的任何授权,以及从前利益相关者处获得并拥有相应的源码的权利,如果前利益相关者享有或可以通过合理的努力获得此源码。
+您只有在本授权的明确授权下才能传播或修改覆盖程序。任何其它的传播或修改覆盖程序的尝试都是非法的,并将自动终止您在本授权下获取的权利(包括依据第11节第三段条款授予的任何专利授权)。
-  你不可以对本协议所授权利的行使施以进一步的限制。例如,你不可以索要授权费或版税,或就行使本协议所授权利征收其他费用;你也不能发起诉讼(包括交互诉讼和反诉),宣称制作、使用、零售、批发、引进本程序或其部分的行为侵犯了任何专利。
+然而,如果您停止违反本授权,那么您从某个特定版权所有者处获取的授权许可能够以以下方式恢复(a)您可以暂时地拥有授权,直到版权所有者明确地终止您的授权;(b)如果在您停止违反本授权后的60天内,版权所有者没有以某种合理的方式告知您的违背行为,那么您可以永久地获取该授权。
-十一、专利
+进一步地,如果某个版权所有者以某种合理的方式告知您违反本授权的行为,而这是您第一次收到来自该版权所有者的违反本授权的通知(对任何软件),并且在收到通知后30天内修正了违反行为,那么您从该版权所有者处获取的授权将永久地恢复。
-  “贡献人”指通过本协议对本程序或其派生作品进行使用认证的版权持有人。授权作品成为贡献人的“贡献者版”。
+当您的授权在本节条款下被终止时,那些从您那获取授权的组织只要保持不违反本授权协议,其授权就不会被终止。您只有在授权被版权所有者恢复了之后才有资格依据第10节的条款获取该材料的新的授权。
-  贡献人的“实质专利权限”指其拥有或掌控的,无论是已获得的还是将获得的全部专利权限中,可能被通过某种本协议允许的方式制作、使用或销售其贡献者版作品的行为侵犯的部分,不包括仅有修改其贡献者版作品才构成侵犯的部分。“掌控”所指包括享有和本协议相一致的专利再授权的权利。
-  每位贡献人皆其就实质专利权限,授予你一份全球有效的免版税的非独占专利许可,以制作、使用、零售、批发、引进,及运行、修改、传播其贡献者版的内容。
+**10.获取副本不需要接受本授权**
-  在以下三段中,“专利许可”指通过任何方式明确表达的不行使专利权(如对使用专利的明确许可和不起诉专利侵权的契约)的协议或承诺。对某方“授予”专利许可,指这种不对其行使专利权的协议或承诺。
+您不需要为了接收或运行本程序的副本而接受本授权协议。仅仅是因为点对点传输获取副本引起传播行为,也不要求您接受本授权协议。然而,除了本授权外,任何授权协议都不能授予您传播或修改覆盖程序的许可。因此,如果您修改或者传播了本程序的副本,那么您就默认地接受了本授权。
-  如果你转发的受保护作品已知依赖于某专利,而其相应的源码并不是任何人都能根据本协议从网上或其他地方免费获得,那你必须(1)以上述方式提供相应的源码;或者(2)放弃从该程序的专利许可中获得利益;或者(3)以某种和本协议相一致的方式将专利许可扩展到下游接收者。“已知依赖于”指你实际上知道若没有专利许可,你在某国家转发受保护作品的行为,或者接收者在某国家使用受保护作品的行为,会侵犯一项或多项该国认定的专利,而这些专利你有理由相信它们的有效性。
+**11.下游接收者的自动授权**
-  如果根据一项事务或安排,抑或与之相关,你转发某受保护作品,或通过促成其转手以实现传播,并且该作品的接收方授予专利许可,以使指可以使用、传播、修改或转发该作品的特定副本,则此等专利许可将自动延伸及每一个收到该作品或其派生作品的人。
+每次您发布覆盖程序,接收者都自动获得一份来自原授权人的依照本授权协议运行、修改和传播该程序的授权。依据本授权,您不为执行任何第三方组织的要求负责。
-  如果某专利在其涵盖范围内,不包含本协议专门赋予的一项或多项权利,禁止行使它们或以不行使它们为前提,则该专利是“歧视性”的。如果你和软件发布行业的第三方有合作,合作要求你就转发受保护作品的情况向其付费,并授予作品接收方歧视性专利,而且该专利(a)与你转发的副本(或在此基础上制作的副本)有关,或针对包含该受保护作品的产品或联合作品,你不得转发本程序,除非参加此项合作或取得该专利早于2007年3月28日。
+“实体事务”指转移一个组织的控制权或全部资产,或者拆分组织,或者合并组织的事务。如果覆盖程序的传播是实体事务造成的,该事务中每一个接收本程序副本的组织都将获取一份其前身拥有的或者能够依据前面的条款提供的任何授权,以及从其前身获取程序对应的源代码的权利,如果前身拥有或以合理的努力能够获取这些源代码的话。
-  本协议的任何部分不应被解释成在排斥或限制任何暗含的授权,或者其他在适用法律下对抗侵权的措施。
+您不可以对从本授权协议获取或确认的权利的执行强加任何约束。比如,您不可以要求授权费用,版税要求或对从本授权获取的权利的执行收取任何费用。您不可以发起诉讼(包括联合诉讼和反诉)声称由于制作、使用、销售、批发或者引进本程序或其任何一部分而侵犯了任何专利权。
-十二、不得牺牲他人的自由
+**12.专利权**
-  即便你面临与本协议条款冲突的条件(来自于法庭要求、协议或其他),那也不能成为你违背本协议的理由。倘若你不能在转发受保护作品时同时满足本协议和其他文件的要求,你就不能转发本程序。例如,当你同意了某些要求你就再转发问题向你的转发对象收取版税的条款时,唯一能同时满足它和本协议要求的做法便是不转发本程序。
+“贡献者”是在本授权下授予本程序或者本程序所基于的程序的使用权的版权所有者。这样的程序被成为贡献者的“贡献者版本”。
-十三、和GNU Affero通用公共许可协议一起使用
+一个贡献者的“实质的专利申明”是该贡献者所占有和控制的全部专利,无论已经获得的还是在将来获得的,那些可能受到某种方式侵犯的专利权。本授权允许制作、使用和销售其贡献者版本,但不包括那些只会由于对贡献者版本进一步的修改而受到侵犯的专利的申明。为此,“控制”一词包括以同本授权要求一致的方式给予从属授权的权利。
-  尽管已存在本协议的一些条款,你可以将任何受保护作品与以GNU
-Affero通用公共许可协议管理的作品关联或组合成一个联合作品,并转发。本协议对其中的受保护作品部分仍然有效,但GNU
-Affero通用公共许可协议第十三条的关于网络交互的特别要求适用于整个联合作品。
+每个贡献者在该贡献者的实质的专利申明下授予您非独家的,全世界的,不需要版税的专利授权,允许您制作、使用、销售、批发、进口以及运行、修改和传播其贡献者版本内容。
-十四、本协议的修订版
+在以下三个自然段中,“专利授权”指任何形式表达的不执行专利权的协议或承诺(例如使用专利权的口头许可,或者不为侵犯专利而起诉的契约)。向一个组织授予专利授权指做出这样的不向该组织提出强制执行专利权的承诺。
-  自由软件联盟可能会不定时发布GNU通用公共许可协议的修订版或新版。新版将秉承当前版本的精神,但对问题或事项的描述细节不尽相同。
+如果您在自己明确知道的情况下发布基于某个专利授权的覆盖程序,而这个程序的对应的源代码并不能在本授权条款下通过网络服务器或其他有效途径免费地向公众提供访问,您必须做到:(1)使对应的源代码按照上述方法可访问;或者(2)放弃从该程序的专利授权获取任何利益;或者(3)以某种与本授权要求一致的方法使该专利授权延伸到下游的接收者。“在自己明确知道的情况下”指您明确地知道除了获取专利授权外,在某个国家您传播覆盖程序的行为,或者接收者使用覆盖程序的行为,会由于该专利授权而侵犯一个或多个在该国可确认的专利权,而这些专利权您有足够的理由相信它们是有效的。
-  每一版都会有不同的版本号,如果本程序指定其使用的GNU通用公共许可协议的版本“或任何更新的版本”,你可以选择遵守该版本或者任何更新的版本的条款。如果本程序没有指定协议版本,你可以选用自由软件联盟发布的任意版本的GNU通用公共许可协议。
+在依照或者涉及某一次事务或安排时,如果您通过获取发布或传播覆盖程序的传输版本,并给予接收该覆盖程序的某些组织专利授权,允许他们使用,传播,修改或者发布该覆盖程序的特殊版本,那么您赋予这些组织的专利授权将自动延伸到所有该覆盖程序及基于该程序的作品的接收者。
-  如果本程序指定代理来决定将来那个GNU通用公共许可协议版本适用,则该代理的公开声明将指导你选择协议版本。
+一份专利授权是“有偏见的”,如果它没有在自身所覆盖的范围内包含,禁止行使,或者要求不执行一个或多个本授权下明确认可的权利。以下情况,您不可以发布一个覆盖程序:如果您与软件发布行业的第三方组织有协议,而该协议要求您根据该程序的发布情况向该组织付费,同时该组织在你们的协议中赋予任何从您那里获得覆盖软件的组织一份有偏见的专利授权,要么(a)连同您所发布的副本(或者从这些副本制作的副本);要么(b)主要为了并连同某个的产品或者包含该覆盖程序的联合体。如果您签署该协议或获得该专利授权的日期早于2007年3月28日,那么您不受本条款约束。
-  新的版本可能会给予你额外或不同的许可。但是,任何作者或版权持有人的义务,不会因为你选择新的版本而增加。
+本授权的任何部分不会被解释为拒绝或者限制任何暗含的授权或其他在适用专利权法下保护您的专利不受侵犯的措施。
-十五、不提供品质担保
+**13.不要放弃别人的自由**
-  本程序在适用法律范围内不提供品质担保。除非另作书面声明,版权持有人及其他程序提供者“概”不提供任何显式或隐式的品质担保,品质担保所指包括而不仅限于有经济价值和适合特定用途的保证。全部风险,如程序的质量和性能问题,皆由你承担。若程序出现缺陷,你将承担所有必要的修复和更正服务的费用。
+如果您遇到了与本授权向矛盾的情况(无论是法庭判决,合同或者其他情况),它们不能使您免去本授权的要求。如果您不能同时按照本授权中的义务和其他相关义务来发布覆盖程序,那么您将不能发布它们。比如,如果您接受了要求您向从您这里或许本程序的人收取版税的条款,您唯一能够同时满足本授权和那些条款的方法是完全不要发布本程序。
-十六、责任范围
+**14.和GNU Affero通用公共授权一起使用**
-  除非适用法律或书面协议要求,任何版权持有人或本程序按本协议可能存在的第三方修改和再发布者,都不对你的损失负有责任,包括由于使用或者不能使用本程序造成的任何一般的、特殊的、偶发的或重大的损失(包括而不仅限于数据丢失、数据失真、你或第三方的后续损失、其他程序无法与本程序协同运作),即使那些人声称会对此负责
+尽管本协议有其他防备条款,您有权把任何覆盖程序和基于第三版GNU Affero通用公共授权的程序链接起来,并且发布该联合程序。本授权的条款仍然对您的覆盖程序有效,但是GNU Affero通用公共授权第13节关于通过网络交互的要求会对整个联合体有效。
-十七、第十五条和第十六条的解释
+**15.本授权的修订版**
-  如果上述免责声明和责任范围声明不为地方法律所支持,上诉法庭应采用与之最接近的关于放弃本程序相关民事责任的地方法律,除非本程序附带收费的品质担保或责任许诺。
+自由软件基金会有时候可能会发布GNU通用软件授权的修订版本和/或新版本。这样的新版本将会和现行版本保持精神上的一致性,但是可能会在细节上有所不同,以处理新的问题和情况。
-### 【附录:如何将上述条款应用到你的新程序】
+每个版本都有一个单独的版本号。如果本程序指出了应用于本程序的一个特定的GNU通用公共授权版本号“以及后续版本”,您将拥有选择该版本或任何由自由软件基金会发布的后续版本中的条款和条件的权利。如果本程序没有指定特定的GNU通用公共授权版本号,那么您可以选择任何自由软件基金会已发布的版本。
-  如果你开发了一个新程序,并希望它能最大限度地为公众所使用,最好的办法是将其作为自由软件,以使每个人都能在本协议约束下对其再发布及修改。
+如果本程序指出某个代理可以决定将来的GNU通用公共授权是否可以应用于本程序,那么该代理的接受任何版本的公开称述都是您选择该版本应用于本程序的永久认可。
-  为此,请在附上以下声明。最安全的做法是将其附在每份源码的开头,以便于最有效地传递免责信息。同时,每个文件至少包含一处“版权”声明和一个协议全文的链接。
+后续的授权版本可能会赋予您额外的或者不同的许可。但是,您对后续版本的选择不会对任何作者和版权所有者强加任何义务。
-````
- <用一行来标明程序名及其作用>
-  版权所有(C)<年份> <作者姓名>
-  本程序为自由软件,在自由软件联盟发布的GNU通用公共许可协议的约束下,你可以对其进行再发布及修改。协议版本为第三版或(随你)更新的版本。
-  我们希望发布的这款程序有用,但不保证,甚至不保证它有经济价值和适合特定用途。详情参见GNU通用公共许可协议。
-  你理当已收到一份GNU通用公共许可协议的副本,如果没有,请查阅<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
-````
+**16.免责申明**
-  同时提供你的电子邮件地址或传统的邮件联系方式。
+在适用法律许可下,本授权不对本程序承担任何担保责任。除非是书面申明,否则版权所有者和/或提供本程序的第三方组织,“照旧”不承担任何形式的担保责任,无论是承诺的还是暗含的,包括但不限于就适售性和为某个特殊目的的适用性的默认担保责任。有关本程序质量与效能的全部风险均由您承担。如本程序被证明有瑕疵,您应承担所有必要的服务、修复或更正的费用。
-  如果该程序是交互式的,让它在交互模式下输出类似下面的一段声明:
+**17.责任范围**
-`````
- <程序名> 第69版,版权所有(C)<年份> <作者姓名>
-  本程序从未提供品质担保,输入'show w'可查看详情。这是款自由软件,欢迎你在满足一定条件后对其再发布,输入'show c'可查看详情。
-`````
+除非受适用法律要求或者书面同意,任何版权所有者,或任何依前述方式修改和/或发布本程序者,对于您因为使用或不能使用本程序所造成的一般性、特殊性、意外性或间接性损失,不负任何责任(包括但不限于,资料损失,资料执行不精确,或应由您或第三人承担的损失,或本程序无法与其他程序运作等),即便该版权所有者或其他组织已经被告知程序有此类损失的可能性也是如此。
-  例子中的命令'show w'和'show
-c'应用于显示GNU通用公共许可协议相应的部分。当然你也可以因地制宜地选用别的方式,对图形界面程序可以用“关于”菜单。
+**18.第15和16节的解释**
-  如果你之上存在雇主(你是码农)或校方,你还应当让他们在必要时为此程序签署放弃版权声明。详情参见<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>。
+如果上述免责申明和责任范围不能按照地方法律条款获得法律效力,复审法庭应该采用最接近于完全放弃关于本程序的民事责任的法律,除非随同本程序的责任担保或责任假设合同是收费的。
-  本GNU通用公共许可协议不允许把你的程序并入私有程序。如果你的程序是某种库,且你想允许它被私有程序链接而使之更有用,请使用GNU较宽松通用公共许可协议。决定前请先查阅 <http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>。
+### 条款和条件结束
+### 如何在您的新程序中应用这些条款?
-1. The GNU General Public License {#the-gnu-general-public-license .chapter}
-=================================
+如果您开发了一个新程序,并且希望能够让它尽可能地被大众使用,达成此目的的最好方式就是让它成为自由软件。任何人都能够依据这些条款对该软件再次发布和修改。
-Version 3, 29 June 2007
+为了做到这一点,请将以下声明附加到程序上。最安全的作法,是将声明放在每份源码文件的起始处,以有效传达无担保责任的讯息;且每份文件至少应有「版权」列以及本份声明全文位置的提示。
-+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
-|   | ``` {.display} |
-| | Copyright © 2007 Free Software Found |
-| | ation, Inc. http://fsf.org/ |
-| | 51 Franklin St., Floor 5, Boston, MA |
-| | 02110-1335, USA |
-| | |
-| | Everyone is permitted to copy and di |
-| | stribute verbatim copies of this lic |
-| | ense document, but changing it is no |
-| | t allowed. |
-| | ``` |
-+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
+```
+<用一行描述程序的名称与其用途简述>
+版权所有(C) <年份><作者姓名>
+本程序为自由软件;您可依据自由软件基金会所发表的GNU通用公共授权条款,对本程序再次发布和/或修改;无论您依据的是本授权的第三版,或(您可选的)任一日后发行的版本。
+本程序是基于使用目的而加以发布,然而不负任何担保责任;亦无对适售性或特定目的适用性所为的默示性担保。详情请参照GNU通用公共授权。
+您应已收到附随于本程序的GNU通用公共授权的副本;如果没有,请参照
+<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+```
-Preamble {#preamble .heading}
---------
+同时附上如何以电子及书面信件与您联系的资料。
-The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for software
-and other kinds of works.
+如果程序进行终端交互方式运作,请在交互式模式开始时,输出以下提示:
-The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed to
-take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast, the
-GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
-share and change all versions of a program—to make sure it remains free
-software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
-GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
-any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to
-your programs, too.
+```
+<程序> 版权所有(C) <年份> <作者姓名>
+本程序不负任何担保责任,欲知详情请键入'show w'。
+这是一个自由软件,欢迎您在特定条件下再发布本程序;欲知详情请键入'show c'。
+```
-When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price.
-Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the
-freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for them if
-you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it,
-that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free
-programs, and that you know you can do these things.
+所假设的指令'show w'与'show c'应显示通用公共授权的相对应条款。当然,您可以使用'show w'与'show c'以外的指令名称;对于图形用户界面,您可以用“关于”项代实现此功能。
-To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you these
-rights or asking you to surrender the rights. Therefore, you have
-certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if
-you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
+如有需要,您还应该取得您的雇主(若您的工作为程序设计师)或学校就本程序所签署的“版权放弃承诺书”。欲知这方面的详情,以及如何应用和遵守GNU通用公共授权,请参考 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>。
-For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis
-or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same freedoms that
-you received. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
-source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
-rights.
-
-Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps: (1)
-assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License giving
-you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it.
-
-For the developers’ and authors’ protection, the GPL clearly explains
-that there is no warranty for this free software. For both users’ and
-authors’ sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as
-changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to
-authors of previous versions.
-
-Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run
-modified versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer
-can do so. This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of protecting
-users’ freedom to change the software. The systematic pattern of such
-abuse occurs in the area of products for individuals to use, which is
-precisely where it is most unacceptable. Therefore, we have designed
-this version of the GPL to prohibit the practice for those products. If
-such problems arise substantially in other domains, we stand ready to
-extend this provision to those domains in future versions of the GPL, as
-needed to protect the freedom of users.
-
-Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.
-States should not allow patents to restrict development and use of
-software on general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to
-avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program could
-make it effectively proprietary. To prevent this, the GPL assures that
-patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
-
-The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
-modification follow.
-
-TERMS AND CONDITIONS {#terms-and-conditions .heading}
---------------------
-
-1. **Definitions.**
-
- “This License” refers to version 3 of the GNU General
- Public License.
-
- “Copyright” also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds
- of works, such as semiconductor masks.
-
- “The Program” refers to any copyrightable work licensed under
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- to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently visible
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- You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey,
- and you may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.
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-6. **Conveying Modified Source Versions.**
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-7. **Conveying Non-Source Forms.**
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- You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms of
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- long as you offer spare parts or customer support for that
- product model, to give anyone who possesses the object code
- either (1) a copy of the Corresponding Source for all the
- software in the product that is covered by this License, on a
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- key for unpacking, reading or copying.
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-8. **Additional Terms.**
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- “Additional permissions” are terms that supplement the terms of this
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- Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program
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-13. **No Surrender of Others’ Freedom.**
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- convey a covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your
- obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations,
- then as a consequence you may not convey it at all. For example, if
- you agree to terms that obligate you to collect a royalty for
- further conveying from those to whom you convey the Program, the
- only way you could satisfy both those terms and this License would
- be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
-
-14. **Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.**
-
- Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
- permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
- under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a
- single combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of
- this License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered
- work, but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public
- License, section 13, concerning interaction through a network will
- apply to the combination as such.
-
-15. **Revised Versions of this License.**
-
- The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
- of the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new
- versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
- differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
-
- Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
- Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
- Public License “or any later version” applies to it, you have the
- option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
- version or of any later version published by the Free
- Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version
- number of the GNU General Public License, you may choose any version
- ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
-
- If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
- versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy’s
- public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes
- you to choose that version for the Program.
-
- Later license versions may give you additional or
- different permissions. However, no additional obligations are
- imposed on any author or copyright holder as a result of your
- choosing to follow a later version.
-
-16. **Disclaimer of Warranty.**
-
- THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
- APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE
- COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS”
- WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
- INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE
- RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.
- SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL
- NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
-
-17. **Limitation of Liability.**
-
- IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN
- WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES
- AND/OR CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR
- DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
- DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM
- (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED
- INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE
- OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH
- HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
- SUCH DAMAGES.
-
-18. **Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.**
-
- If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
- above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
- reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely
- approximates an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection
- with the Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability
- accompanies a copy of the Program in return for a fee.
-
-END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS {#end-of-terms-and-conditions .heading}
----------------------------
-
-How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs {#how-to-apply-these-terms-to-your-new-programs .heading}
----------------------------------------------
-
-If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
-possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
-free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
-terms.
-
-To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to
-attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively state
-the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the
-“copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
-
-+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
-|   | ``` {.smallexample} |
-| | one line to give the program's name |
-| | and a brief idea of what it does. |
-| | Copyright (C) year name of author |
-| | |
-| | This program is free software: you c |
-| | an redistribute it and/or modify |
-| | it under the terms of the GNU Genera |
-| | l Public License as published by |
-| | the Free Software Foundation, either |
-| | version 3 of the License, or (at |
-| | your option) any later version. |
-| | |
-| | This program is distributed in the h |
-| | ope that it will be useful, but |
-| | WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even t |
-| | he implied warranty of |
-| | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PAR |
-| | TICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU |
-| | General Public License for more deta |
-| | ils. |
-| | |
-| | You should have received a copy of t |
-| | he GNU General Public License |
-| | along with this program. If not, se |
-| | e http://www.gnu.org/licenses/. |
-| | ``` |
-+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
-
-Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
-
-If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short notice
-like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
-
-+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
-|   | ``` {.smallexample} |
-| | program Copyright (C) year name of a |
-| | uthor |
-| | This program comes with ABSOLUTELY N |
-| | O WARRANTY; |
-| | for details type ‘show w’. This is |
-| | free software, |
-| | and you are welcome to redistribute |
-| | it under |
-| | certain conditions; type ‘show c’ fo |
-| | r details. |
-| | ``` |
-+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
-
-The hypothetical commands ‘show w’ and ‘show c’ should show the
-appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, your
-program’s commands might be different; for a GUI interface, you would
-use an “about box”.
-
-You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or
-school, if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if
-necessary. For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the
-GNU GPL, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your
-program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine
-library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary
-applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the
-GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License. But first,
-please read <http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.
-
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-This document was generated by *tonghuix* on *March 25, 2016* using
-[*texi2html 1.82*](http://www.nongnu.org/texi2html/).\
+GNU通用公共授权并不允许您将本程序合并到私有的程序中。若您的程序是一个子程序库,您可能认为允许私有的应用程序链接该库会更有用。如果这是您所想做的,请使用GNU松弛通用公共授权代替本授权。但这样做之前,请阅读 <http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>。