// Copyright 2014 PDFium Authors. All rights reserved. // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be // found in the LICENSE file. // Original code copyright 2014 Foxit Software Inc. http://www.foxitsoftware.com #include "fxjs/cfxjs_engine.h" #include #include #include #include "core/fxcrt/unowned_ptr.h" #include "fxjs/cfxjse_runtimedata.h" #include "fxjs/cjs_object.h" #include "third_party/base/ptr_util.h" #include "third_party/base/stl_util.h" #include "v8/include/v8-util.h" class CFXJS_PerObjectData; static unsigned int g_embedderDataSlot = 1u; static v8::Isolate* g_isolate = nullptr; static size_t g_isolate_ref_count = 0; static CFX_V8ArrayBufferAllocator* g_arrayBufferAllocator = nullptr; static v8::Global* g_DefaultGlobalObjectTemplate = nullptr; static wchar_t kPerObjectDataTag[] = L"CFXJS_PerObjectData"; // Global weak map to save dynamic objects. class V8TemplateMapTraits final : public v8::StdMapTraits { public: using WeakCallbackDataType = CFXJS_PerObjectData; using MapType = v8:: GlobalValueMap; static const v8::PersistentContainerCallbackType kCallbackType = v8::kWeakWithInternalFields; static WeakCallbackDataType* WeakCallbackParameter( MapType* map, WeakCallbackDataType* key, v8::Local value) { return key; } static MapType* MapFromWeakCallbackInfo( const v8::WeakCallbackInfo&); static WeakCallbackDataType* KeyFromWeakCallbackInfo( const v8::WeakCallbackInfo& data) { return data.GetParameter(); } static void OnWeakCallback( const v8::WeakCallbackInfo& data) {} static void DisposeWeak( const v8::WeakCallbackInfo& data); static void Dispose(v8::Isolate* isolate, v8::Global value, WeakCallbackDataType* key); static void DisposeCallbackData(WeakCallbackDataType* callbackData) {} }; class V8TemplateMap { public: using WeakCallbackDataType = CFXJS_PerObjectData; using MapType = v8:: GlobalValueMap; explicit V8TemplateMap(v8::Isolate* isolate) : m_map(isolate) {} ~V8TemplateMap() = default; void SetAndMakeWeak(WeakCallbackDataType* key, v8::Local handle) { ASSERT(!m_map.Contains(key)); // Inserting an object into a GlobalValueMap with the appropriate traits // has the side-effect of making the object weak deep in the guts of V8, // and arranges for it to be cleaned up by the methods in the traits. m_map.Set(key, handle); } friend class V8TemplateMapTraits; private: MapType m_map; }; class CFXJS_PerObjectData { public: explicit CFXJS_PerObjectData(int nObjDefID) : m_ObjDefID(nObjDefID) {} ~CFXJS_PerObjectData() = default; static void SetInObject(CFXJS_PerObjectData* pData, v8::Local pObj) { if (pObj->InternalFieldCount() == 2) { pObj->SetAlignedPointerInInternalField( 0, static_cast(kPerObjectDataTag)); pObj->SetAlignedPointerInInternalField(1, pData); } } static CFXJS_PerObjectData* GetFromObject(v8::Local pObj) { if (pObj.IsEmpty() || pObj->InternalFieldCount() != 2 || pObj->GetAlignedPointerFromInternalField(0) != static_cast(kPerObjectDataTag)) { return nullptr; } return static_cast( pObj->GetAlignedPointerFromInternalField(1)); } const int m_ObjDefID; std::unique_ptr m_pPrivate; }; class CFXJS_ObjDefinition { public: CFXJS_ObjDefinition(v8::Isolate* isolate, const char* sObjName, FXJSOBJTYPE eObjType, CFXJS_Engine::Constructor pConstructor, CFXJS_Engine::Destructor pDestructor) : m_ObjName(sObjName), m_ObjType(eObjType), m_pConstructor(pConstructor), m_pDestructor(pDestructor), m_pIsolate(isolate) { v8::Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(isolate); v8::HandleScope handle_scope(isolate); v8::Local fun = v8::FunctionTemplate::New(isolate); fun->InstanceTemplate()->SetInternalFieldCount(2); fun->SetCallHandler(CallHandler, v8::Number::New(isolate, eObjType)); if (eObjType == FXJSOBJTYPE_GLOBAL) { fun->InstanceTemplate()->Set( v8::Symbol::GetToStringTag(isolate), v8::String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "global", v8::NewStringType::kNormal) .ToLocalChecked()); } m_FunctionTemplate.Reset(isolate, fun); m_Signature.Reset(isolate, v8::Signature::New(isolate, fun)); } static void CallHandler(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo& info) { v8::Isolate* isolate = info.GetIsolate(); if (!info.IsConstructCall()) { isolate->ThrowException( v8::String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "illegal constructor", v8::NewStringType::kNormal) .ToLocalChecked()); return; } if (info.Data().As()->Value() != FXJSOBJTYPE_DYNAMIC) { isolate->ThrowException( v8::String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "not a dynamic object", v8::NewStringType::kNormal) .ToLocalChecked()); return; } v8::Local holder = info.Holder(); ASSERT(holder->InternalFieldCount() == 2); holder->SetAlignedPointerInInternalField(0, nullptr); holder->SetAlignedPointerInInternalField(1, nullptr); } v8::Isolate* GetIsolate() const { return m_pIsolate.Get(); } void DefineConst(const char* sConstName, v8::Local pDefault) { GetInstanceTemplate()->Set(GetIsolate(), sConstName, pDefault); } void DefineProperty(v8::Local sPropName, v8::AccessorGetterCallback pPropGet, v8::AccessorSetterCallback pPropPut) { GetInstanceTemplate()->SetAccessor(sPropName, pPropGet, pPropPut); } void DefineMethod(v8::Local sMethodName, v8::FunctionCallback pMethodCall) { v8::Local fun = v8::FunctionTemplate::New( GetIsolate(), pMethodCall, v8::Local(), GetSignature()); fun->RemovePrototype(); GetInstanceTemplate()->Set(sMethodName, fun, v8::ReadOnly); } void DefineAllProperties(v8::GenericNamedPropertyQueryCallback pPropQurey, v8::GenericNamedPropertyGetterCallback pPropGet, v8::GenericNamedPropertySetterCallback pPropPut, v8::GenericNamedPropertyDeleterCallback pPropDel) { GetInstanceTemplate()->SetHandler(v8::NamedPropertyHandlerConfiguration( pPropGet, pPropPut, pPropQurey, pPropDel, nullptr, v8::Local(), v8::PropertyHandlerFlags::kOnlyInterceptStrings)); } v8::Local GetInstanceTemplate() { v8::EscapableHandleScope scope(GetIsolate()); v8::Local function = m_FunctionTemplate.Get(GetIsolate()); return scope.Escape(function->InstanceTemplate()); } v8::Local GetSignature() { v8::EscapableHandleScope scope(GetIsolate()); return scope.Escape(m_Signature.Get(GetIsolate())); } const char* const m_ObjName; const FXJSOBJTYPE m_ObjType; const CFXJS_Engine::Constructor m_pConstructor; const CFXJS_Engine::Destructor m_pDestructor; UnownedPtr m_pIsolate; v8::Global m_FunctionTemplate; v8::Global m_Signature; }; static v8::Local GetGlobalObjectTemplate( v8::Isolate* pIsolate) { FXJS_PerIsolateData* pIsolateData = FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(pIsolate); for (int i = 0; i < pIsolateData->MaxObjDefinitionID(); ++i) { CFXJS_ObjDefinition* pObjDef = pIsolateData->ObjDefinitionForID(i); if (pObjDef->m_ObjType == FXJSOBJTYPE_GLOBAL) return pObjDef->GetInstanceTemplate(); } if (!g_DefaultGlobalObjectTemplate) { v8::Local hGlobalTemplate = v8::ObjectTemplate::New(pIsolate); hGlobalTemplate->Set( v8::Symbol::GetToStringTag(pIsolate), v8::String::NewFromUtf8(pIsolate, "global", v8::NewStringType::kNormal) .ToLocalChecked()); g_DefaultGlobalObjectTemplate = new v8::Global(pIsolate, hGlobalTemplate); } return g_DefaultGlobalObjectTemplate->Get(pIsolate); } void V8TemplateMapTraits::Dispose(v8::Isolate* isolate, v8::Global value, WeakCallbackDataType* key) { v8::Local obj = value.Get(isolate); if (obj.IsEmpty()) return; int id = CFXJS_Engine::GetObjDefnID(obj); if (id == -1) return; FXJS_PerIsolateData* pIsolateData = FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(isolate); CFXJS_ObjDefinition* pObjDef = pIsolateData->ObjDefinitionForID(id); if (!pObjDef) return; if (pObjDef->m_pDestructor) pObjDef->m_pDestructor(obj); CFXJS_Engine::FreeObjectPrivate(obj); } void V8TemplateMapTraits::DisposeWeak( const v8::WeakCallbackInfo& data) { // TODO(tsepez): this is expected be called during GC. } V8TemplateMapTraits::MapType* V8TemplateMapTraits::MapFromWeakCallbackInfo( const v8::WeakCallbackInfo& data) { V8TemplateMap* pMap = FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(data.GetIsolate())->m_pDynamicObjsMap.get(); return pMap ? &pMap->m_map : nullptr; } void FXJS_Initialize(unsigned int embedderDataSlot, v8::Isolate* pIsolate) { if (g_isolate) { ASSERT(g_embedderDataSlot == embedderDataSlot); ASSERT(g_isolate == pIsolate); return; } g_embedderDataSlot = embedderDataSlot; g_isolate = pIsolate; } void FXJS_Release() { ASSERT(!g_isolate || g_isolate_ref_count == 0); delete g_DefaultGlobalObjectTemplate; g_DefaultGlobalObjectTemplate = nullptr; g_isolate = nullptr; delete g_arrayBufferAllocator; g_arrayBufferAllocator = nullptr; } bool FXJS_GetIsolate(v8::Isolate** pResultIsolate) { if (g_isolate) { *pResultIsolate = g_isolate; return false; } // Provide backwards compatibility when no external isolate. if (!g_arrayBufferAllocator) g_arrayBufferAllocator = new CFX_V8ArrayBufferAllocator(); v8::Isolate::CreateParams params; params.array_buffer_allocator = g_arrayBufferAllocator; *pResultIsolate = v8::Isolate::New(params); return true; } size_t FXJS_GlobalIsolateRefCount() { return g_isolate_ref_count; } FXJS_PerIsolateData::~FXJS_PerIsolateData() {} // static void FXJS_PerIsolateData::SetUp(v8::Isolate* pIsolate) { if (!pIsolate->GetData(g_embedderDataSlot)) pIsolate->SetData(g_embedderDataSlot, new FXJS_PerIsolateData(pIsolate)); } // static FXJS_PerIsolateData* FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(v8::Isolate* pIsolate) { return static_cast( pIsolate->GetData(g_embedderDataSlot)); } int FXJS_PerIsolateData::MaxObjDefinitionID() const { return pdfium::CollectionSize(m_ObjectDefnArray); } FXJS_PerIsolateData::FXJS_PerIsolateData(v8::Isolate* pIsolate) : m_pDynamicObjsMap(new V8TemplateMap(pIsolate)) {} CFXJS_ObjDefinition* FXJS_PerIsolateData::ObjDefinitionForID(int id) const { return (id >= 0 && id < MaxObjDefinitionID()) ? m_ObjectDefnArray[id].get() : nullptr; } int FXJS_PerIsolateData::AssignIDForObjDefinition( std::unique_ptr pDefn) { m_ObjectDefnArray.push_back(std::move(pDefn)); return m_ObjectDefnArray.size() - 1; } CFXJS_Engine::CFXJS_Engine() : CFX_V8(nullptr) {} CFXJS_Engine::CFXJS_Engine(v8::Isolate* pIsolate) : CFX_V8(pIsolate) {} CFXJS_Engine::~CFXJS_Engine() = default; // static int CFXJS_Engine::GetObjDefnID(v8::Local pObj) { CFXJS_PerObjectData* pData = CFXJS_PerObjectData::GetFromObject(pObj); return pData ? pData->m_ObjDefID : -1; } // static void CFXJS_Engine::SetObjectPrivate(v8::Local pObj, std::unique_ptr p) { CFXJS_PerObjectData* pPerObjectData = CFXJS_PerObjectData::GetFromObject(pObj); if (!pPerObjectData) return; pPerObjectData->m_pPrivate = std::move(p); } // static void CFXJS_Engine::FreeObjectPrivate(v8::Local pObj) { CFXJS_PerObjectData* pData = CFXJS_PerObjectData::GetFromObject(pObj); pObj->SetAlignedPointerInInternalField(0, nullptr); pObj->SetAlignedPointerInInternalField(1, nullptr); delete pData; } int CFXJS_Engine::DefineObj(const char* sObjName, FXJSOBJTYPE eObjType, CFXJS_Engine::Constructor pConstructor, CFXJS_Engine::Destructor pDestructor) { v8::Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(GetIsolate()); v8::HandleScope handle_scope(GetIsolate()); FXJS_PerIsolateData::SetUp(GetIsolate()); FXJS_PerIsolateData* pIsolateData = FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(GetIsolate()); return pIsolateData->AssignIDForObjDefinition( pdfium::MakeUnique(GetIsolate(), sObjName, eObjType, pConstructor, pDestructor)); } void CFXJS_Engine::DefineObjMethod(int nObjDefnID, const char* sMethodName, v8::FunctionCallback pMethodCall) { v8::Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(GetIsolate()); v8::HandleScope handle_scope(GetIsolate()); FXJS_PerIsolateData* pIsolateData = FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(GetIsolate()); CFXJS_ObjDefinition* pObjDef = pIsolateData->ObjDefinitionForID(nObjDefnID); pObjDef->DefineMethod(NewString(sMethodName), pMethodCall); } void CFXJS_Engine::DefineObjProperty(int nObjDefnID, const char* sPropName, v8::AccessorGetterCallback pPropGet, v8::AccessorSetterCallback pPropPut) { v8::Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(GetIsolate()); v8::HandleScope handle_scope(GetIsolate()); FXJS_PerIsolateData* pIsolateData = FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(GetIsolate()); CFXJS_ObjDefinition* pObjDef = pIsolateData->ObjDefinitionForID(nObjDefnID); pObjDef->DefineProperty(NewString(sPropName), pPropGet, pPropPut); } void CFXJS_Engine::DefineObjAllProperties( int nObjDefnID, v8::GenericNamedPropertyQueryCallback pPropQurey, v8::GenericNamedPropertyGetterCallback pPropGet, v8::GenericNamedPropertySetterCallback pPropPut, v8::GenericNamedPropertyDeleterCallback pPropDel) { v8::Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(GetIsolate()); v8::HandleScope handle_scope(GetIsolate()); FXJS_PerIsolateData* pIsolateData = FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(GetIsolate()); CFXJS_ObjDefinition* pObjDef = pIsolateData->ObjDefinitionForID(nObjDefnID); pObjDef->DefineAllProperties(pPropQurey, pPropGet, pPropPut, pPropDel); } void CFXJS_Engine::DefineObjConst(int nObjDefnID, const char* sConstName, v8::Local pDefault) { v8::Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(GetIsolate()); v8::HandleScope handle_scope(GetIsolate()); FXJS_PerIsolateData* pIsolateData = FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(GetIsolate()); CFXJS_ObjDefinition* pObjDef = pIsolateData->ObjDefinitionForID(nObjDefnID); pObjDef->DefineConst(sConstName, pDefault); } void CFXJS_Engine::DefineGlobalMethod(const char* sMethodName, v8::FunctionCallback pMethodCall) { v8::Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(GetIsolate()); v8::HandleScope handle_scope(GetIsolate()); v8::Local fun = v8::FunctionTemplate::New(GetIsolate(), pMethodCall); fun->RemovePrototype(); GetGlobalObjectTemplate(GetIsolate()) ->Set(NewString(sMethodName), fun, v8::ReadOnly); } void CFXJS_Engine::DefineGlobalConst(const wchar_t* sConstName, v8::FunctionCallback pConstGetter) { v8::Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(GetIsolate()); v8::HandleScope handle_scope(GetIsolate()); v8::Local fun = v8::FunctionTemplate::New(GetIsolate(), pConstGetter); fun->RemovePrototype(); GetGlobalObjectTemplate(GetIsolate()) ->SetAccessorProperty(NewString(sConstName), fun); } void CFXJS_Engine::InitializeEngine() { if (GetIsolate() == g_isolate) ++g_isolate_ref_count; v8::Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(GetIsolate()); v8::HandleScope handle_scope(GetIsolate()); // This has to happen before we call GetGlobalObjectTemplate because that // method gets the PerIsolateData from GetIsolate(). FXJS_PerIsolateData::SetUp(GetIsolate()); v8::Local v8Context = v8::Context::New( GetIsolate(), nullptr, GetGlobalObjectTemplate(GetIsolate())); // May not have the internal fields when called from tests. v8::Local pThisProxy = v8Context->Global(); if (pThisProxy->InternalFieldCount() == 2) { pThisProxy->SetAlignedPointerInInternalField(0, nullptr); pThisProxy->SetAlignedPointerInInternalField(1, nullptr); } v8::Local pThis = pThisProxy->GetPrototype().As(); if (pThis->InternalFieldCount() == 2) { pThis->SetAlignedPointerInInternalField(0, nullptr); pThis->SetAlignedPointerInInternalField(1, nullptr); } v8::Context::Scope context_scope(v8Context); FXJS_PerIsolateData* pIsolateData = FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(GetIsolate()); int maxID = pIsolateData->MaxObjDefinitionID(); m_StaticObjects.resize(maxID + 1); for (int i = 0; i < maxID; ++i) { CFXJS_ObjDefinition* pObjDef = pIsolateData->ObjDefinitionForID(i); if (pObjDef->m_ObjType == FXJSOBJTYPE_GLOBAL) { CFXJS_PerObjectData::SetInObject(new CFXJS_PerObjectData(i), v8Context->Global() ->GetPrototype() ->ToObject(v8Context) .ToLocalChecked()); if (pObjDef->m_pConstructor) { pObjDef->m_pConstructor(this, v8Context->Global() ->GetPrototype() ->ToObject(v8Context) .ToLocalChecked()); } } else if (pObjDef->m_ObjType == FXJSOBJTYPE_STATIC) { v8::Local pObjName = NewString(pObjDef->m_ObjName); v8::Local obj = NewFXJSBoundObject(i, FXJSOBJTYPE_STATIC); if (!obj.IsEmpty()) { v8Context->Global()->Set(v8Context, pObjName, obj).FromJust(); m_StaticObjects[i] = v8::Global(GetIsolate(), obj); } } } m_V8Context.Reset(GetIsolate(), v8Context); } void CFXJS_Engine::ReleaseEngine() { v8::Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(GetIsolate()); v8::HandleScope handle_scope(GetIsolate()); v8::Local context = GetV8Context(); v8::Context::Scope context_scope(context); FXJS_PerIsolateData* pIsolateData = FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(GetIsolate()); if (!pIsolateData) return; m_ConstArrays.clear(); for (int i = 0; i < pIsolateData->MaxObjDefinitionID(); ++i) { CFXJS_ObjDefinition* pObjDef = pIsolateData->ObjDefinitionForID(i); v8::Local pObj; if (pObjDef->m_ObjType == FXJSOBJTYPE_GLOBAL) { pObj = context->Global()->GetPrototype()->ToObject(context).ToLocalChecked(); } else if (!m_StaticObjects[i].IsEmpty()) { pObj = v8::Local::New(GetIsolate(), m_StaticObjects[i]); m_StaticObjects[i].Reset(); } if (!pObj.IsEmpty()) { if (pObjDef->m_pDestructor) pObjDef->m_pDestructor(pObj); FreeObjectPrivate(pObj); } } m_V8Context.Reset(); if (GetIsolate() == g_isolate && --g_isolate_ref_count > 0) return; delete pIsolateData; GetIsolate()->SetData(g_embedderDataSlot, nullptr); } Optional CFXJS_Engine::Execute( const WideString& script) { v8::Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(GetIsolate()); v8::TryCatch try_catch(GetIsolate()); v8::Local context = GetIsolate()->GetCurrentContext(); v8::Local compiled_script; if (!v8::Script::Compile(context, NewString(script.AsStringView())) .ToLocal(&compiled_script)) { v8::String::Utf8Value error(GetIsolate(), try_catch.Exception()); v8::Local msg = try_catch.Message(); v8::Maybe line = msg->GetLineNumber(context); return IJS_Runtime::JS_Error(line.FromMaybe(-1), msg->GetStartColumn(), WideString::FromUTF8(*error)); } v8::Local result; if (!compiled_script->Run(context).ToLocal(&result)) { v8::String::Utf8Value error(GetIsolate(), try_catch.Exception()); auto msg = try_catch.Message(); auto line = msg->GetLineNumber(context); return IJS_Runtime::JS_Error(line.FromMaybe(-1), msg->GetStartColumn(), WideString::FromUTF8(*error)); } return pdfium::nullopt; } v8::Local CFXJS_Engine::NewFXJSBoundObject(int nObjDefnID, FXJSOBJTYPE type) { v8::Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(GetIsolate()); v8::Local context = GetIsolate()->GetCurrentContext(); FXJS_PerIsolateData* pData = FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(GetIsolate()); if (!pData) return v8::Local(); CFXJS_ObjDefinition* pObjDef = pData->ObjDefinitionForID(nObjDefnID); if (!pObjDef) return v8::Local(); v8::Local obj; if (!pObjDef->GetInstanceTemplate()->NewInstance(context).ToLocal(&obj)) return v8::Local(); CFXJS_PerObjectData* pObjData = new CFXJS_PerObjectData(nObjDefnID); CFXJS_PerObjectData::SetInObject(pObjData, obj); if (pObjDef->m_pConstructor) pObjDef->m_pConstructor(this, obj); if (type == FXJSOBJTYPE_DYNAMIC) { auto* pIsolateData = FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(GetIsolate()); if (pIsolateData->m_pDynamicObjsMap) pIsolateData->m_pDynamicObjsMap->SetAndMakeWeak(pObjData, obj); } return obj; } v8::Local CFXJS_Engine::GetThisObj() { v8::Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(GetIsolate()); if (!FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(GetIsolate())) return v8::Local(); // Return the global object. v8::Local context = GetIsolate()->GetCurrentContext(); return context->Global()->GetPrototype()->ToObject(context).ToLocalChecked(); } void CFXJS_Engine::Error(const WideString& message) { GetIsolate()->ThrowException(NewString(message.AsStringView())); } v8::Local CFXJS_Engine::GetV8Context() { return v8::Local::New(GetIsolate(), m_V8Context); } // static CJS_Object* CFXJS_Engine::GetObjectPrivate(v8::Local pObj) { auto* pData = CFXJS_PerObjectData::GetFromObject(pObj); if (pData) return pData->m_pPrivate.get(); if (pObj.IsEmpty()) return nullptr; // It could be a global proxy object, in which case the prototype holds // the actual bound object. v8::Local val = pObj->GetPrototype(); if (!val->IsObject()) return nullptr; auto* pProtoData = CFXJS_PerObjectData::GetFromObject(val.As()); if (!pProtoData) return nullptr; auto* pIsolateData = FXJS_PerIsolateData::Get(v8::Isolate::GetCurrent()); if (!pIsolateData) return nullptr; CFXJS_ObjDefinition* pObjDef = pIsolateData->ObjDefinitionForID(pProtoData->m_ObjDefID); if (!pObjDef || pObjDef->m_ObjType != FXJSOBJTYPE_GLOBAL) return nullptr; return pProtoData->m_pPrivate.get(); } v8::Local CFXJS_Engine::GetConstArray(const WideString& name) { return v8::Local::New(GetIsolate(), m_ConstArrays[name]); } void CFXJS_Engine::SetConstArray(const WideString& name, v8::Local array) { m_ConstArrays[name] = v8::Global(GetIsolate(), array); }