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+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2003 The Regents of The University of Michigan
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+ * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
+ * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
+ * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
+ * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+ * this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+template<class T, T MV>
+class ModNum {
+ private:
+ T value;
+
+ // Compiler should optimize this
+ void setValue(T n) { value = n % MV; }
+
+ public:
+ ModNum() {}
+ ModNum(T n) { setValue(n); }
+ ModNum(const ModNum<T, MV> &n) : value(n.value) {}
+
+ ModNum operator=(T n) {
+ setValue(n);
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ const ModNum operator=(ModNum n) {
+ value = n.value;
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ // Return the value if object used as RHS
+ operator T() const { return value; }
+
+ //
+ // Operator "+="
+ //
+ const ModNum<T, MV> operator+=(ModNum<T, MV> r) {
+ setValue(value + r.value);
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ const ModNum<T, MV> operator+=(T r) {
+ setValue(value + r);
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ //
+ // Operator "-="
+ //
+ const ModNum<T, MV> operator-=(ModNum<T, MV> r) {
+ setValue(value - r.value);
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ const ModNum<T, MV> operator-=(T r) {
+ setValue(value - r);
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ //
+ // Operator "++"
+ //
+ // PREFIX (like ++a)
+ const ModNum<T, MV> operator++() {
+ *this += 1;
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ // POSTFIX (like a++)
+ const ModNum<T, MV> operator++(int) {
+ ModNum<T, MV> rv = *this;
+
+ *this += 1;
+
+ return rv;
+ }
+
+ //
+ // Operator "--"
+ //
+ // PREFIX (like --a)
+ const ModNum<T, MV> operator--() {
+ *this -= 1;
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ // POSTFIX (like a--)
+ const ModNum<T, MV> operator--(int) {
+ ModNum<T, MV> rv = *this;
+ *this -= 1;
+ return rv;
+ }
+};
+
+
+//
+// Define operator "+" like this to avoid creating a temporary
+//
+template<class T, T MV>
+inline ModNum<T, MV>
+operator+(ModNum<T, MV> l, ModNum<T, MV> r) {
+ l += r;
+ return l;
+}
+
+template<class T, T MV>
+inline ModNum<T, MV>
+operator+(ModNum<T, MV> l, T r) {
+ l += r;
+ return l;
+}
+
+template<class T, T MV>
+inline ModNum<T, MV>
+operator+(T l, ModNum<T, MV> r) {
+ r += l;
+ return r;
+}
+
+
+//
+// Define operator "-" like this to avoid creating a temporary
+//
+template<class T, T MV>
+inline ModNum<T, MV>
+operator-(ModNum<T, MV> l, ModNum<T, MV> r) {
+ l -= r;
+ return l;
+}
+
+template<class T, T MV>
+inline ModNum<T, MV>
+operator-(ModNum<T, MV> l, T r) {
+ l -= r;
+ return l;
+}
+
+template<class T, T MV>
+inline ModNum<T, MV>
+operator-(T l, ModNum<T, MV> r) {
+ r -= l;
+ return r;
+}
+
+
+//
+// Comparison operators
+// (all other cases are handled with conversons)
+//
+template<class T, T MV>
+inline bool
+operator<(ModNum<T, MV> l, ModNum<T, MV> r) {
+ return l.value < r.value;
+}
+
+template<class T, T MV>
+inline bool
+operator>(ModNum<T, MV> l, ModNum<T, MV> r) {
+ return l.value > r.value;
+}
+
+template<class T, T MV>
+inline bool
+operator==(ModNum<T, MV> l, ModNum<T, MV> r) {
+ return l.value == r.value;
+}
+
+template<class T, T MV>
+inline bool
+operator<=(ModNum<T, MV> l, ModNum<T, MV> r) {
+ return l.value <= r.value;
+}
+
+template<class T, T MV>
+inline bool
+operator>=(ModNum<T, MV> l, ModNum<T, MV> r) {
+ return l.value >= r.value;
+}
+
+