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+// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+// Author: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
+//
+// The Google C++ Testing Framework (Google Test)
+//
+// This header file defines the Message class.
+//
+// IMPORTANT NOTE: Due to limitation of the C++ language, we have to
+// leave some internal implementation details in this header file.
+// They are clearly marked by comments like this:
+//
+// // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
+//
+// Such code is NOT meant to be used by a user directly, and is subject
+// to CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. Therefore DO NOT DEPEND ON IT in a user
+// program!
+
+#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MESSAGE_H_
+#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MESSAGE_H_
+
+#include <limits>
+
+#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
+
+// Ensures that there is at least one operator<< in the global namespace.
+// See Message& operator<<(...) below for why.
+void operator<<(const testing::internal::Secret&, int);
+
+namespace testing {
+
+// The Message class works like an ostream repeater.
+//
+// Typical usage:
+//
+// 1. You stream a bunch of values to a Message object.
+// It will remember the text in a stringstream.
+// 2. Then you stream the Message object to an ostream.
+// This causes the text in the Message to be streamed
+// to the ostream.
+//
+// For example;
+//
+// testing::Message foo;
+// foo << 1 << " != " << 2;
+// std::cout << foo;
+//
+// will print "1 != 2".
+//
+// Message is not intended to be inherited from. In particular, its
+// destructor is not virtual.
+//
+// Note that stringstream behaves differently in gcc and in MSVC. You
+// can stream a NULL char pointer to it in the former, but not in the
+// latter (it causes an access violation if you do). The Message
+// class hides this difference by treating a NULL char pointer as
+// "(null)".
+class GTEST_API_ Message {
+ private:
+ // The type of basic IO manipulators (endl, ends, and flush) for
+ // narrow streams.
+ typedef std::ostream& (*BasicNarrowIoManip)(std::ostream&);
+
+ public:
+ // Constructs an empty Message.
+ Message();
+
+ // Copy constructor.
+ Message(const Message& msg) : ss_(new ::std::stringstream) { // NOLINT
+ *ss_ << msg.GetString();
+ }
+
+ // Constructs a Message from a C-string.
+ explicit Message(const char* str) : ss_(new ::std::stringstream) {
+ *ss_ << str;
+ }
+
+#if GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
+ // Streams a value (either a pointer or not) to this object.
+ template <typename T>
+ inline Message& operator <<(const T& value) {
+ StreamHelper(typename internal::is_pointer<T>::type(), value);
+ return *this;
+ }
+#else
+ // Streams a non-pointer value to this object.
+ template <typename T>
+ inline Message& operator <<(const T& val) {
+ // Some libraries overload << for STL containers. These
+ // overloads are defined in the global namespace instead of ::std.
+ //
+ // C++'s symbol lookup rule (i.e. Koenig lookup) says that these
+ // overloads are visible in either the std namespace or the global
+ // namespace, but not other namespaces, including the testing
+ // namespace which Google Test's Message class is in.
+ //
+ // To allow STL containers (and other types that has a << operator
+ // defined in the global namespace) to be used in Google Test
+ // assertions, testing::Message must access the custom << operator
+ // from the global namespace. With this using declaration,
+ // overloads of << defined in the global namespace and those
+ // visible via Koenig lookup are both exposed in this function.
+ using ::operator <<;
+ *ss_ << val;
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ // Streams a pointer value to this object.
+ //
+ // This function is an overload of the previous one. When you
+ // stream a pointer to a Message, this definition will be used as it
+ // is more specialized. (The C++ Standard, section
+ // [temp.func.order].) If you stream a non-pointer, then the
+ // previous definition will be used.
+ //
+ // The reason for this overload is that streaming a NULL pointer to
+ // ostream is undefined behavior. Depending on the compiler, you
+ // may get "0", "(nil)", "(null)", or an access violation. To
+ // ensure consistent result across compilers, we always treat NULL
+ // as "(null)".
+ template <typename T>
+ inline Message& operator <<(T* const& pointer) { // NOLINT
+ if (pointer == NULL) {
+ *ss_ << "(null)";
+ } else {
+ *ss_ << pointer;
+ }
+ return *this;
+ }
+#endif // GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
+
+ // Since the basic IO manipulators are overloaded for both narrow
+ // and wide streams, we have to provide this specialized definition
+ // of operator <<, even though its body is the same as the
+ // templatized version above. Without this definition, streaming
+ // endl or other basic IO manipulators to Message will confuse the
+ // compiler.
+ Message& operator <<(BasicNarrowIoManip val) {
+ *ss_ << val;
+ return *this;
+ }
+
+ // Instead of 1/0, we want to see true/false for bool values.
+ Message& operator <<(bool b) {
+ return *this << (b ? "true" : "false");
+ }
+
+ // These two overloads allow streaming a wide C string to a Message
+ // using the UTF-8 encoding.
+ Message& operator <<(const wchar_t* wide_c_str);
+ Message& operator <<(wchar_t* wide_c_str);
+
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
+ // Converts the given wide string to a narrow string using the UTF-8
+ // encoding, and streams the result to this Message object.
+ Message& operator <<(const ::std::wstring& wstr);
+#endif // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
+
+#if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
+ // Converts the given wide string to a narrow string using the UTF-8
+ // encoding, and streams the result to this Message object.
+ Message& operator <<(const ::wstring& wstr);
+#endif // GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
+
+ // Gets the text streamed to this object so far as an std::string.
+ // Each '\0' character in the buffer is replaced with "\\0".
+ //
+ // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
+ std::string GetString() const;
+
+ private:
+
+#if GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
+ // These are needed as the Nokia Symbian Compiler cannot decide between
+ // const T& and const T* in a function template. The Nokia compiler _can_
+ // decide between class template specializations for T and T*, so a
+ // tr1::type_traits-like is_pointer works, and we can overload on that.
+ template <typename T>
+ inline void StreamHelper(internal::true_type /*is_pointer*/, T* pointer) {
+ if (pointer == NULL) {
+ *ss_ << "(null)";
+ } else {
+ *ss_ << pointer;
+ }
+ }
+ template <typename T>
+ inline void StreamHelper(internal::false_type /*is_pointer*/,
+ const T& value) {
+ // See the comments in Message& operator <<(const T&) above for why
+ // we need this using statement.
+ using ::operator <<;
+ *ss_ << value;
+ }
+#endif // GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
+
+ // We'll hold the text streamed to this object here.
+ const internal::scoped_ptr< ::std::stringstream> ss_;
+
+ // We declare (but don't implement) this to prevent the compiler
+ // from implementing the assignment operator.
+ void operator=(const Message&);
+};
+
+// Streams a Message to an ostream.
+inline std::ostream& operator <<(std::ostream& os, const Message& sb) {
+ return os << sb.GetString();
+}
+
+namespace internal {
+
+// Converts a streamable value to an std::string. A NULL pointer is
+// converted to "(null)". When the input value is a ::string,
+// ::std::string, ::wstring, or ::std::wstring object, each NUL
+// character in it is replaced with "\\0".
+template <typename T>
+std::string StreamableToString(const T& streamable) {
+ return (Message() << streamable).GetString();
+}
+
+} // namespace internal
+} // namespace testing
+
+#endif // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MESSAGE_H_