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-/*
- * Copyright (c) 1999-2011 Mark D. Hill and David A. Wood
- * All rights reserved.
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
- * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
- * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
- * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
- * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
- * this software without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
- * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
- * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
- * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
- * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
- * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
- * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
- * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <zlib.h>
-
-#include <cstdio>
-#include <list>
-
-#include "base/intmath.hh"
-#include "base/statistics.hh"
-#include "debug/RubyCacheTrace.hh"
-#include "debug/RubySystem.hh"
-#include "mem/ruby/common/Address.hh"
-#include "mem/ruby/network/Network.hh"
-#include "mem/ruby/system/System.hh"
-#include "mem/simple_mem.hh"
-#include "sim/eventq.hh"
-#include "sim/simulate.hh"
-
-using namespace std;
-
-bool RubySystem::m_randomization;
-uint32_t RubySystem::m_block_size_bytes;
-uint32_t RubySystem::m_block_size_bits;
-uint32_t RubySystem::m_memory_size_bits;
-bool RubySystem::m_warmup_enabled = false;
-// To look forward to allowing multiple RubySystem instances, track the number
-// of RubySystems that need to be warmed up on checkpoint restore.
-unsigned RubySystem::m_systems_to_warmup = 0;
-bool RubySystem::m_cooldown_enabled = false;
-
-RubySystem::RubySystem(const Params *p)
- : ClockedObject(p), m_access_backing_store(p->access_backing_store),
- m_cache_recorder(NULL)
-{
- m_randomization = p->randomization;
-
- m_block_size_bytes = p->block_size_bytes;
- assert(isPowerOf2(m_block_size_bytes));
- m_block_size_bits = floorLog2(m_block_size_bytes);
- m_memory_size_bits = p->memory_size_bits;
-
- // Resize to the size of different machine types
- m_abstract_controls.resize(MachineType_NUM);
-
- // Collate the statistics before they are printed.
- Stats::registerDumpCallback(new RubyStatsCallback(this));
- // Create the profiler
- m_profiler = new Profiler(p, this);
- m_phys_mem = p->phys_mem;
-}
-
-void
-RubySystem::registerNetwork(Network* network_ptr)
-{
- m_network = network_ptr;
-}
-
-void
-RubySystem::registerAbstractController(AbstractController* cntrl)
-{
- m_abs_cntrl_vec.push_back(cntrl);
-
- MachineID id = cntrl->getMachineID();
- m_abstract_controls[id.getType()][id.getNum()] = cntrl;
-}
-
-RubySystem::~RubySystem()
-{
- delete m_network;
- delete m_profiler;
-}
-
-void
-RubySystem::makeCacheRecorder(uint8_t *uncompressed_trace,
- uint64_t cache_trace_size,
- uint64_t block_size_bytes)
-{
- vector<Sequencer*> sequencer_map;
- Sequencer* sequencer_ptr = NULL;
-
- for (int cntrl = 0; cntrl < m_abs_cntrl_vec.size(); cntrl++) {
- sequencer_map.push_back(m_abs_cntrl_vec[cntrl]->getSequencer());
- if (sequencer_ptr == NULL) {
- sequencer_ptr = sequencer_map[cntrl];
- }
- }
-
- assert(sequencer_ptr != NULL);
-
- for (int cntrl = 0; cntrl < m_abs_cntrl_vec.size(); cntrl++) {
- if (sequencer_map[cntrl] == NULL) {
- sequencer_map[cntrl] = sequencer_ptr;
- }
- }
-
- // Remove the old CacheRecorder if it's still hanging about.
- if (m_cache_recorder != NULL) {
- delete m_cache_recorder;
- }
-
- // Create the CacheRecorder and record the cache trace
- m_cache_recorder = new CacheRecorder(uncompressed_trace, cache_trace_size,
- sequencer_map, block_size_bytes);
-}
-
-void
-RubySystem::memWriteback()
-{
- m_cooldown_enabled = true;
-
- // Make the trace so we know what to write back.
- DPRINTF(RubyCacheTrace, "Recording Cache Trace\n");
- makeCacheRecorder(NULL, 0, getBlockSizeBytes());
- for (int cntrl = 0; cntrl < m_abs_cntrl_vec.size(); cntrl++) {
- m_abs_cntrl_vec[cntrl]->recordCacheTrace(cntrl, m_cache_recorder);
- }
- DPRINTF(RubyCacheTrace, "Cache Trace Complete\n");
-
- // save the current tick value
- Tick curtick_original = curTick();
- DPRINTF(RubyCacheTrace, "Recording current tick %ld\n", curtick_original);
-
- // Deschedule all prior events on the event queue, but record the tick they
- // were scheduled at so they can be restored correctly later.
- list<pair<Event*, Tick> > original_events;
- while (!eventq->empty()) {
- Event *curr_head = eventq->getHead();
- if (curr_head->isAutoDelete()) {
- DPRINTF(RubyCacheTrace, "Event %s auto-deletes when descheduled,"
- " not recording\n", curr_head->name());
- } else {
- original_events.push_back(make_pair(curr_head, curr_head->when()));
- }
- eventq->deschedule(curr_head);
- }
-
- // Schedule an event to start cache cooldown
- DPRINTF(RubyCacheTrace, "Starting cache flush\n");
- enqueueRubyEvent(curTick());
- simulate();
- DPRINTF(RubyCacheTrace, "Cache flush complete\n");
-
- // Deschedule any events left on the event queue.
- while (!eventq->empty()) {
- eventq->deschedule(eventq->getHead());
- }
-
- // Restore curTick
- setCurTick(curtick_original);
-
- // Restore all events that were originally on the event queue. This is
- // done after setting curTick back to its original value so that events do
- // not seem to be scheduled in the past.
- while (!original_events.empty()) {
- pair<Event*, Tick> event = original_events.back();
- eventq->schedule(event.first, event.second);
- original_events.pop_back();
- }
-
- // No longer flushing back to memory.
- m_cooldown_enabled = false;
-
- // There are several issues with continuing simulation after calling
- // memWriteback() at the moment, that stem from taking events off the
- // queue, simulating again, and then putting them back on, whilst
- // pretending that no time has passed. One is that some events will have
- // been deleted, so can't be put back. Another is that any object
- // recording the tick something happens may end up storing a tick in the
- // future. A simple warning here alerts the user that things may not work
- // as expected.
- warn_once("Ruby memory writeback is experimental. Continuing simulation "
- "afterwards may not always work as intended.");
-
- // Keep the cache recorder around so that we can dump the trace if a
- // checkpoint is immediately taken.
-}
-
-void
-RubySystem::writeCompressedTrace(uint8_t *raw_data, string filename,
- uint64_t uncompressed_trace_size)
-{
- // Create the checkpoint file for the memory
- string thefile = CheckpointIn::dir() + "/" + filename.c_str();
-
- int fd = creat(thefile.c_str(), 0664);
- if (fd < 0) {
- perror("creat");
- fatal("Can't open memory trace file '%s'\n", filename);
- }
-
- gzFile compressedMemory = gzdopen(fd, "wb");
- if (compressedMemory == NULL)
- fatal("Insufficient memory to allocate compression state for %s\n",
- filename);
-
- if (gzwrite(compressedMemory, raw_data, uncompressed_trace_size) !=
- uncompressed_trace_size) {
- fatal("Write failed on memory trace file '%s'\n", filename);
- }
-
- if (gzclose(compressedMemory)) {
- fatal("Close failed on memory trace file '%s'\n", filename);
- }
- delete[] raw_data;
-}
-
-void
-RubySystem::serialize(CheckpointOut &cp) const
-{
- // Store the cache-block size, so we are able to restore on systems with a
- // different cache-block size. CacheRecorder depends on the correct
- // cache-block size upon unserializing.
- uint64_t block_size_bytes = getBlockSizeBytes();
- SERIALIZE_SCALAR(block_size_bytes);
-
- // Check that there's a valid trace to use. If not, then memory won't be
- // up-to-date and the simulation will probably fail when restoring from the
- // checkpoint.
- if (m_cache_recorder == NULL) {
- fatal("Call memWriteback() before serialize() to create ruby trace");
- }
-
- // Aggregate the trace entries together into a single array
- uint8_t *raw_data = new uint8_t[4096];
- uint64_t cache_trace_size = m_cache_recorder->aggregateRecords(&raw_data,
- 4096);
- string cache_trace_file = name() + ".cache.gz";
- writeCompressedTrace(raw_data, cache_trace_file, cache_trace_size);
-
- SERIALIZE_SCALAR(cache_trace_file);
- SERIALIZE_SCALAR(cache_trace_size);
-}
-
-void
-RubySystem::drainResume()
-{
- // Delete the cache recorder if it was created in memWriteback()
- // to checkpoint the current cache state.
- if (m_cache_recorder) {
- delete m_cache_recorder;
- m_cache_recorder = NULL;
- }
-}
-
-void
-RubySystem::readCompressedTrace(string filename, uint8_t *&raw_data,
- uint64_t &uncompressed_trace_size)
-{
- // Read the trace file
- gzFile compressedTrace;
-
- // trace file
- int fd = open(filename.c_str(), O_RDONLY);
- if (fd < 0) {
- perror("open");
- fatal("Unable to open trace file %s", filename);
- }
-
- compressedTrace = gzdopen(fd, "rb");
- if (compressedTrace == NULL) {
- fatal("Insufficient memory to allocate compression state for %s\n",
- filename);
- }
-
- raw_data = new uint8_t[uncompressed_trace_size];
- if (gzread(compressedTrace, raw_data, uncompressed_trace_size) <
- uncompressed_trace_size) {
- fatal("Unable to read complete trace from file %s\n", filename);
- }
-
- if (gzclose(compressedTrace)) {
- fatal("Failed to close cache trace file '%s'\n", filename);
- }
-}
-
-void
-RubySystem::unserialize(CheckpointIn &cp)
-{
- uint8_t *uncompressed_trace = NULL;
-
- // This value should be set to the checkpoint-system's block-size.
- // Optional, as checkpoints without it can be run if the
- // checkpoint-system's block-size == current block-size.
- uint64_t block_size_bytes = getBlockSizeBytes();
- UNSERIALIZE_OPT_SCALAR(block_size_bytes);
-
- string cache_trace_file;
- uint64_t cache_trace_size = 0;
-
- UNSERIALIZE_SCALAR(cache_trace_file);
- UNSERIALIZE_SCALAR(cache_trace_size);
- cache_trace_file = cp.cptDir + "/" + cache_trace_file;
-
- readCompressedTrace(cache_trace_file, uncompressed_trace,
- cache_trace_size);
- m_warmup_enabled = true;
- m_systems_to_warmup++;
-
- // Create the cache recorder that will hang around until startup.
- makeCacheRecorder(uncompressed_trace, cache_trace_size, block_size_bytes);
-}
-
-void
-RubySystem::startup()
-{
-
- // Ruby restores state from a checkpoint by resetting the clock to 0 and
- // playing the requests that can possibly re-generate the cache state.
- // The clock value is set to the actual checkpointed value once all the
- // requests have been executed.
- //
- // This way of restoring state is pretty finicky. For example, if a
- // Ruby component reads time before the state has been restored, it would
- // cache this value and hence its clock would not be reset to 0, when
- // Ruby resets the global clock. This can potentially result in a
- // deadlock.
- //
- // The solution is that no Ruby component should read time before the
- // simulation starts. And then one also needs to hope that the time
- // Ruby finishes restoring the state is less than the time when the
- // state was checkpointed.
-
- if (m_warmup_enabled) {
- DPRINTF(RubyCacheTrace, "Starting ruby cache warmup\n");
- // save the current tick value
- Tick curtick_original = curTick();
- // save the event queue head
- Event* eventq_head = eventq->replaceHead(NULL);
- // set curTick to 0 and reset Ruby System's clock
- setCurTick(0);
- resetClock();
-
- // Schedule an event to start cache warmup
- enqueueRubyEvent(curTick());
- simulate();
-
- delete m_cache_recorder;
- m_cache_recorder = NULL;
- m_systems_to_warmup--;
- if (m_systems_to_warmup == 0) {
- m_warmup_enabled = false;
- }
-
- // Restore eventq head
- eventq_head = eventq->replaceHead(eventq_head);
- // Restore curTick and Ruby System's clock
- setCurTick(curtick_original);
- resetClock();
- }
-
- resetStats();
-}
-
-void
-RubySystem::RubyEvent::process()
-{
- if (RubySystem::getWarmupEnabled()) {
- m_ruby_system->m_cache_recorder->enqueueNextFetchRequest();
- } else if (RubySystem::getCooldownEnabled()) {
- m_ruby_system->m_cache_recorder->enqueueNextFlushRequest();
- }
-}
-
-void
-RubySystem::resetStats()
-{
- m_start_cycle = curCycle();
-}
-
-bool
-RubySystem::functionalRead(PacketPtr pkt)
-{
- Addr address(pkt->getAddr());
- Addr line_address = makeLineAddress(address);
-
- AccessPermission access_perm = AccessPermission_NotPresent;
- int num_controllers = m_abs_cntrl_vec.size();
-
- DPRINTF(RubySystem, "Functional Read request for %s\n", address);
-
- unsigned int num_ro = 0;
- unsigned int num_rw = 0;
- unsigned int num_busy = 0;
- unsigned int num_backing_store = 0;
- unsigned int num_invalid = 0;
-
- // In this loop we count the number of controllers that have the given
- // address in read only, read write and busy states.
- for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_controllers; ++i) {
- access_perm = m_abs_cntrl_vec[i]-> getAccessPermission(line_address);
- if (access_perm == AccessPermission_Read_Only)
- num_ro++;
- else if (access_perm == AccessPermission_Read_Write)
- num_rw++;
- else if (access_perm == AccessPermission_Busy)
- num_busy++;
- else if (access_perm == AccessPermission_Backing_Store)
- // See RubySlicc_Exports.sm for details, but Backing_Store is meant
- // to represent blocks in memory *for Broadcast/Snooping protocols*,
- // where memory has no idea whether it has an exclusive copy of data
- // or not.
- num_backing_store++;
- else if (access_perm == AccessPermission_Invalid ||
- access_perm == AccessPermission_NotPresent)
- num_invalid++;
- }
- assert(num_rw <= 1);
-
- // This if case is meant to capture what happens in a Broadcast/Snoop
- // protocol where the block does not exist in the cache hierarchy. You
- // only want to read from the Backing_Store memory if there is no copy in
- // the cache hierarchy, otherwise you want to try to read the RO or RW
- // copies existing in the cache hierarchy (covered by the else statement).
- // The reason is because the Backing_Store memory could easily be stale, if
- // there are copies floating around the cache hierarchy, so you want to read
- // it only if it's not in the cache hierarchy at all.
- if (num_invalid == (num_controllers - 1) && num_backing_store == 1) {
- DPRINTF(RubySystem, "only copy in Backing_Store memory, read from it\n");
- for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_controllers; ++i) {
- access_perm = m_abs_cntrl_vec[i]->getAccessPermission(line_address);
- if (access_perm == AccessPermission_Backing_Store) {
- m_abs_cntrl_vec[i]->functionalRead(line_address, pkt);
- return true;
- }
- }
- } else if (num_ro > 0 || num_rw == 1) {
- // In Broadcast/Snoop protocols, this covers if you know the block
- // exists somewhere in the caching hierarchy, then you want to read any
- // valid RO or RW block. In directory protocols, same thing, you want
- // to read any valid readable copy of the block.
- DPRINTF(RubySystem, "num_busy = %d, num_ro = %d, num_rw = %d\n",
- num_busy, num_ro, num_rw);
- // In this loop, we try to figure which controller has a read only or
- // a read write copy of the given address. Any valid copy would suffice
- // for a functional read.
- for (unsigned int i = 0;i < num_controllers;++i) {
- access_perm = m_abs_cntrl_vec[i]->getAccessPermission(line_address);
- if (access_perm == AccessPermission_Read_Only ||
- access_perm == AccessPermission_Read_Write) {
- m_abs_cntrl_vec[i]->functionalRead(line_address, pkt);
- return true;
- }
- }
- }
-
- return false;
-}
-
-// The function searches through all the buffers that exist in different
-// cache, directory and memory controllers, and in the network components
-// and writes the data portion of those that hold the address specified
-// in the packet.
-bool
-RubySystem::functionalWrite(PacketPtr pkt)
-{
- Addr addr(pkt->getAddr());
- Addr line_addr = makeLineAddress(addr);
- AccessPermission access_perm = AccessPermission_NotPresent;
- int num_controllers = m_abs_cntrl_vec.size();
-
- DPRINTF(RubySystem, "Functional Write request for %s\n", addr);
-
- uint32_t M5_VAR_USED num_functional_writes = 0;
-
- for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_controllers;++i) {
- num_functional_writes +=
- m_abs_cntrl_vec[i]->functionalWriteBuffers(pkt);
-
- access_perm = m_abs_cntrl_vec[i]->getAccessPermission(line_addr);
- if (access_perm != AccessPermission_Invalid &&
- access_perm != AccessPermission_NotPresent) {
- num_functional_writes +=
- m_abs_cntrl_vec[i]->functionalWrite(line_addr, pkt);
- }
- }
-
- num_functional_writes += m_network->functionalWrite(pkt);
- DPRINTF(RubySystem, "Messages written = %u\n", num_functional_writes);
-
- return true;
-}
-
-#ifdef CHECK_COHERENCE
-// This code will check for cases if the given cache block is exclusive in
-// one node and shared in another-- a coherence violation
-//
-// To use, the SLICC specification must call sequencer.checkCoherence(address)
-// when the controller changes to a state with new permissions. Do this
-// in setState. The SLICC spec must also define methods "isBlockShared"
-// and "isBlockExclusive" that are specific to that protocol
-//
-void
-RubySystem::checkGlobalCoherenceInvariant(const Address& addr)
-{
-#if 0
- NodeID exclusive = -1;
- bool sharedDetected = false;
- NodeID lastShared = -1;
-
- for (int i = 0; i < m_chip_vector.size(); i++) {
- if (m_chip_vector[i]->isBlockExclusive(addr)) {
- if (exclusive != -1) {
- // coherence violation
- WARN_EXPR(exclusive);
- WARN_EXPR(m_chip_vector[i]->getID());
- WARN_EXPR(addr);
- WARN_EXPR(getTime());
- ERROR_MSG("Coherence Violation Detected -- 2 exclusive chips");
- } else if (sharedDetected) {
- WARN_EXPR(lastShared);
- WARN_EXPR(m_chip_vector[i]->getID());
- WARN_EXPR(addr);
- WARN_EXPR(getTime());
- ERROR_MSG("Coherence Violation Detected -- exclusive chip with >=1 shared");
- } else {
- exclusive = m_chip_vector[i]->getID();
- }
- } else if (m_chip_vector[i]->isBlockShared(addr)) {
- sharedDetected = true;
- lastShared = m_chip_vector[i]->getID();
-
- if (exclusive != -1) {
- WARN_EXPR(lastShared);
- WARN_EXPR(exclusive);
- WARN_EXPR(addr);
- WARN_EXPR(getTime());
- ERROR_MSG("Coherence Violation Detected -- exclusive chip with >=1 shared");
- }
- }
- }
-#endif
-}
-#endif
-
-RubySystem *
-RubySystemParams::create()
-{
- return new RubySystem(this);
-}