summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/src
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'src')
-rw-r--r--src/mem/protocol/MESI_Three_Level-L0cache.sm28
-rw-r--r--src/mem/protocol/MESI_Two_Level-L1cache.sm29
-rw-r--r--src/mem/protocol/MI_example-cache.sm4
-rw-r--r--src/mem/protocol/MOESI_CMP_directory-L1cache.sm17
-rw-r--r--src/mem/protocol/MOESI_CMP_token-L1cache.sm25
-rw-r--r--src/mem/protocol/MOESI_hammer-cache.sm35
-rw-r--r--src/mem/protocol/RubySlicc_Types.sm1
-rw-r--r--src/mem/ruby/structures/CacheMemory.cc8
-rw-r--r--src/mem/ruby/structures/CacheMemory.hh2
-rw-r--r--src/mem/ruby/system/Sequencer.cc12
10 files changed, 121 insertions, 40 deletions
diff --git a/src/mem/protocol/MESI_Three_Level-L0cache.sm b/src/mem/protocol/MESI_Three_Level-L0cache.sm
index 4a0766ce8..7e8626dc9 100644
--- a/src/mem/protocol/MESI_Three_Level-L0cache.sm
+++ b/src/mem/protocol/MESI_Three_Level-L0cache.sm
@@ -459,21 +459,38 @@ machine(L0Cache, "MESI Directory L0 Cache")
}
}
- action(h_load_hit, "h", desc="If not prefetch, notify sequencer the load completed.") {
+ action(h_load_hit, "hd", desc="If not prefetch, notify sequencer the load completed.") {
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ Dcache.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk);
}
- action(hx_load_hit, "hx", desc="If not prefetch, notify sequencer the load completed.") {
+ action(h_ifetch_hit, "hi", desc="If not prefetch, notify sequencer the ifetch completed.") {
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ Icache.setMRU(cache_entry);
+ sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ }
+
+ action(hx_load_hit, "hxd", desc="notify sequencer the load completed.") {
+ assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
+ DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ Dcache.setMRU(cache_entry);
+ sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, true);
+ }
+
+ action(hx_ifetch_hit, "hxi", desc="notify sequencer the ifetch completed.") {
+ assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
+ DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ Icache.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, true);
}
action(hh_store_hit, "\h", desc="If not prefetch, notify sequencer that store completed.") {
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ Dcache.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.writeCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk);
cache_entry.Dirty := true;
}
@@ -481,6 +498,7 @@ machine(L0Cache, "MESI Directory L0 Cache")
action(hhx_store_hit, "\hx", desc="If not prefetch, notify sequencer that store completed.") {
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ Dcache.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.writeCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, true);
cache_entry.Dirty := true;
}
@@ -625,7 +643,7 @@ machine(L0Cache, "MESI Directory L0 Cache")
}
transition({S,E,M}, Ifetch) {
- h_load_hit;
+ h_ifetch_hit;
uu_profileInstHit;
k_popMandatoryQueue;
}
@@ -712,7 +730,7 @@ machine(L0Cache, "MESI Directory L0 Cache")
transition(Inst_IS, Data, S) {
u_writeInstToCache;
- hx_load_hit;
+ hx_ifetch_hit;
s_deallocateTBE;
o_popIncomingResponseQueue;
kd_wakeUpDependents;
@@ -720,7 +738,7 @@ machine(L0Cache, "MESI Directory L0 Cache")
transition(Inst_IS, Data_Exclusive, E) {
u_writeInstToCache;
- hx_load_hit;
+ hx_ifetch_hit;
s_deallocateTBE;
o_popIncomingResponseQueue;
kd_wakeUpDependents;
diff --git a/src/mem/protocol/MESI_Two_Level-L1cache.sm b/src/mem/protocol/MESI_Two_Level-L1cache.sm
index 8033e5983..b9be4663f 100644
--- a/src/mem/protocol/MESI_Two_Level-L1cache.sm
+++ b/src/mem/protocol/MESI_Two_Level-L1cache.sm
@@ -810,36 +810,47 @@ machine(L1Cache, "MESI Directory L1 Cache CMP")
sequencer.invalidateSC(address);
}
- action(h_load_hit, "h",
- desc="If not prefetch, notify sequencer the load completed.")
+ action(h_load_hit, "hd",
+ desc="Notify sequencer the load completed.")
{
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk);
}
- action(hx_load_hit, "hx",
- desc="If not prefetch, notify sequencer the load completed.")
+ action(h_ifetch_hit, "hi", desc="Notify sequencer the instruction fetch completed.")
{
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ L1Icache.setMRU(cache_entry);
+ sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ }
+
+ action(hx_load_hit, "hx", desc="Notify sequencer the load completed.")
+ {
+ assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
+ DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ L1Icache.setMRU(address);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(address);
sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, true);
}
- action(hh_store_hit, "\h",
- desc="If not prefetch, notify sequencer that store completed.")
+ action(hh_store_hit, "\h", desc="Notify sequencer that store completed.")
{
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.writeCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk);
cache_entry.Dirty := true;
}
- action(hhx_store_hit, "\hx",
- desc="If not prefetch, notify sequencer that store completed.")
+ action(hhx_store_hit, "\hx", desc="Notify sequencer that store completed.")
{
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ L1Icache.setMRU(address);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(address);
sequencer.writeCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, true);
cache_entry.Dirty := true;
}
@@ -1081,7 +1092,7 @@ machine(L1Cache, "MESI Directory L1 Cache CMP")
}
transition({S,E,M}, Ifetch) {
- h_load_hit;
+ h_ifetch_hit;
uu_profileInstHit;
k_popMandatoryQueue;
}
diff --git a/src/mem/protocol/MI_example-cache.sm b/src/mem/protocol/MI_example-cache.sm
index f3b1600f9..334106615 100644
--- a/src/mem/protocol/MI_example-cache.sm
+++ b/src/mem/protocol/MI_example-cache.sm
@@ -352,6 +352,7 @@ machine(L1Cache, "MI Example L1 Cache")
action(r_load_hit, "r", desc="Notify sequencer the load completed.") {
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc,"%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ cacheMemory.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, false);
}
@@ -359,6 +360,7 @@ machine(L1Cache, "MI Example L1 Cache")
peek(responseNetwork_in, ResponseMsg) {
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc,"%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ cacheMemory.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, true,
machineIDToMachineType(in_msg.Sender));
}
@@ -367,6 +369,7 @@ machine(L1Cache, "MI Example L1 Cache")
action(s_store_hit, "s", desc="Notify sequencer that store completed.") {
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc,"%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ cacheMemory.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.writeCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, false);
}
@@ -374,6 +377,7 @@ machine(L1Cache, "MI Example L1 Cache")
peek(responseNetwork_in, ResponseMsg) {
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc,"%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ cacheMemory.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.writeCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, true,
machineIDToMachineType(in_msg.Sender));
}
diff --git a/src/mem/protocol/MOESI_CMP_directory-L1cache.sm b/src/mem/protocol/MOESI_CMP_directory-L1cache.sm
index 6c5d3a20f..2ef80efd2 100644
--- a/src/mem/protocol/MOESI_CMP_directory-L1cache.sm
+++ b/src/mem/protocol/MOESI_CMP_directory-L1cache.sm
@@ -635,21 +635,32 @@ machine(L1Cache, "Directory protocol")
}
}
- action(h_load_hit, "h", desc="Notify sequencer the load completed.") {
+ action(h_load_hit, "hd", desc="Notify sequencer the load completed.") {
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(cache_entry);
+ sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ }
+
+ action(h_ifetch_hit, "hi", desc="Notify the sequencer about ifetch completion.") {
+ assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
+ DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ L1Icache.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk);
}
action(hx_load_hit, "hx", desc="Notify sequencer the load completed.") {
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ L1Icache.setMRU(address);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(address);
sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, true);
}
action(hh_store_hit, "\h", desc="Notify sequencer that store completed.") {
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.writeCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk);
cache_entry.Dirty := true;
}
@@ -657,6 +668,8 @@ machine(L1Cache, "Directory protocol")
action(xx_store_hit, "\xx", desc="Notify sequencer that store completed.") {
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ L1Icache.setMRU(address);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(address);
sequencer.writeCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, true);
cache_entry.Dirty := true;
}
@@ -964,7 +977,7 @@ machine(L1Cache, "Directory protocol")
}
transition({S, SM, O, OM, MM, MM_W, M, M_W}, Ifetch) {
- h_load_hit;
+ h_ifetch_hit;
uu_profileInstHit;
k_popMandatoryQueue;
}
diff --git a/src/mem/protocol/MOESI_CMP_token-L1cache.sm b/src/mem/protocol/MOESI_CMP_token-L1cache.sm
index c5a7cd940..230adfc4b 100644
--- a/src/mem/protocol/MOESI_CMP_token-L1cache.sm
+++ b/src/mem/protocol/MOESI_CMP_token-L1cache.sm
@@ -1282,12 +1282,22 @@ machine(L1Cache, "Token protocol")
}
}
+ action(h_load_hit, "hd", desc="Notify sequencer the load completed.") {
+ assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
+ DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "Address: %s, Data Block: %s\n",
+ address, cache_entry.DataBlk);
- action(h_load_hit, "h", desc="Notify sequencer the load completed.") {
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(cache_entry);
+ sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, false,
+ MachineType:L1Cache);
+ }
+
+ action(h_ifetch_hit, "hi", desc="Notify sequencer the load completed.") {
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "Address: %s, Data Block: %s\n",
address, cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ L1Icache.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, false,
MachineType:L1Cache);
}
@@ -1297,6 +1307,8 @@ machine(L1Cache, "Token protocol")
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "Address: %s, Data Block: %s\n",
address, cache_entry.DataBlk);
peek(responseNetwork_in, ResponseMsg) {
+ L1Icache.setMRU(address);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(address);
sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk,
isExternalHit(address, in_msg.Sender),
machineIDToMachineType(in_msg.Sender));
@@ -1308,6 +1320,7 @@ machine(L1Cache, "Token protocol")
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "Address: %s, Data Block: %s\n",
address, cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.writeCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, false,
MachineType:L1Cache);
cache_entry.Dirty := true;
@@ -1319,6 +1332,8 @@ machine(L1Cache, "Token protocol")
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "Address: %s, Data Block: %s\n",
address, cache_entry.DataBlk);
peek(responseNetwork_in, ResponseMsg) {
+ L1Icache.setMRU(address);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(address);
sequencer.writeCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk,
isExternalHit(address, in_msg.Sender),
machineIDToMachineType(in_msg.Sender));
@@ -1700,7 +1715,7 @@ machine(L1Cache, "Token protocol")
}
transition({S, SM, S_L, SM_L}, Ifetch) {
- h_load_hit;
+ h_ifetch_hit;
uu_profileInstHit;
k_popMandatoryQueue;
}
@@ -1782,7 +1797,7 @@ machine(L1Cache, "Token protocol")
// Transitions from Owned
transition({O, OM}, Ifetch) {
- h_load_hit;
+ h_ifetch_hit;
uu_profileInstHit;
k_popMandatoryQueue;
}
@@ -1872,7 +1887,7 @@ machine(L1Cache, "Token protocol")
// Transitions from Modified
transition({MM, MM_W}, Ifetch) {
- h_load_hit;
+ h_ifetch_hit;
uu_profileInstHit;
k_popMandatoryQueue;
}
@@ -1947,7 +1962,7 @@ machine(L1Cache, "Token protocol")
// Transitions from Dirty Exclusive
transition({M, M_W}, Ifetch) {
- h_load_hit;
+ h_ifetch_hit;
uu_profileInstHit;
k_popMandatoryQueue;
}
diff --git a/src/mem/protocol/MOESI_hammer-cache.sm b/src/mem/protocol/MOESI_hammer-cache.sm
index 303bf1784..88b7308ed 100644
--- a/src/mem/protocol/MOESI_hammer-cache.sm
+++ b/src/mem/protocol/MOESI_hammer-cache.sm
@@ -853,9 +853,18 @@ machine({L1Cache, L2Cache}, "AMD Hammer-like protocol")
}
}
- action(h_load_hit, "h", desc="Notify sequencer the load completed.") {
+ action(h_load_hit, "hd", desc="Notify sequencer the load completed.") {
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(cache_entry);
+ sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, false,
+ testAndClearLocalHit(cache_entry));
+ }
+
+ action(h_ifetch_hit, "hi", desc="Notify sequencer the ifetch completed.") {
+ assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
+ DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
+ L1Icache.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, false,
testAndClearLocalHit(cache_entry));
}
@@ -865,7 +874,8 @@ machine({L1Cache, L2Cache}, "AMD Hammer-like protocol")
assert(is_valid(tbe));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
peek(responseToCache_in, ResponseMsg) {
-
+ L1Icache.setMRU(address);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(address);
sequencer.readCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, true,
machineIDToMachineType(in_msg.Sender), tbe.InitialRequestTime,
tbe.ForwardRequestTime, tbe.FirstResponseTime);
@@ -876,6 +886,7 @@ machine({L1Cache, L2Cache}, "AMD Hammer-like protocol")
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
peek(mandatoryQueue_in, RubyRequest) {
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(cache_entry);
sequencer.writeCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, false,
testAndClearLocalHit(cache_entry));
@@ -897,7 +908,8 @@ machine({L1Cache, L2Cache}, "AMD Hammer-like protocol")
assert(is_valid(tbe));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
peek(responseToCache_in, ResponseMsg) {
-
+ L1Icache.setMRU(address);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(address);
sequencer.writeCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, true,
machineIDToMachineType(in_msg.Sender), tbe.InitialRequestTime,
tbe.ForwardRequestTime, tbe.FirstResponseTime);
@@ -910,7 +922,8 @@ machine({L1Cache, L2Cache}, "AMD Hammer-like protocol")
assert(is_valid(cache_entry));
assert(is_valid(tbe));
DPRINTF(RubySlicc, "%s\n", cache_entry.DataBlk);
-
+ L1Icache.setMRU(address);
+ L1Dcache.setMRU(address);
sequencer.writeCallback(address, cache_entry.DataBlk, true,
machineIDToMachineType(tbe.LastResponder), tbe.InitialRequestTime,
tbe.ForwardRequestTime, tbe.FirstResponseTime);
@@ -1504,7 +1517,7 @@ machine({L1Cache, L2Cache}, "AMD Hammer-like protocol")
}
transition({S, SM, ISM}, Ifetch) {
- h_load_hit;
+ h_ifetch_hit;
uu_profileL1InstHit;
k_popMandatoryQueue;
}
@@ -1518,7 +1531,7 @@ machine({L1Cache, L2Cache}, "AMD Hammer-like protocol")
}
transition(SR, Ifetch, S) {
- h_load_hit;
+ h_ifetch_hit;
uu_profileL1InstMiss;
uu_profileL2Hit;
k_popMandatoryQueue;
@@ -1566,7 +1579,7 @@ machine({L1Cache, L2Cache}, "AMD Hammer-like protocol")
}
transition({O, OM, SS, MM_W, M_W}, {Ifetch}) {
- h_load_hit;
+ h_ifetch_hit;
uu_profileL1InstHit;
k_popMandatoryQueue;
}
@@ -1580,7 +1593,7 @@ machine({L1Cache, L2Cache}, "AMD Hammer-like protocol")
}
transition(OR, Ifetch, O) {
- h_load_hit;
+ h_ifetch_hit;
uu_profileL1InstMiss;
uu_profileL2Hit;
k_popMandatoryQueue;
@@ -1631,7 +1644,7 @@ machine({L1Cache, L2Cache}, "AMD Hammer-like protocol")
// Transitions from Modified
transition({MM, M}, {Ifetch}) {
- h_load_hit;
+ h_ifetch_hit;
uu_profileL1InstHit;
k_popMandatoryQueue;
}
@@ -1657,7 +1670,7 @@ machine({L1Cache, L2Cache}, "AMD Hammer-like protocol")
}
transition(MMR, Ifetch, MM) {
- h_load_hit;
+ h_ifetch_hit;
uu_profileL1InstMiss;
uu_profileL2Hit;
k_popMandatoryQueue;
@@ -1738,7 +1751,7 @@ machine({L1Cache, L2Cache}, "AMD Hammer-like protocol")
}
transition(MR, Ifetch, M) {
- h_load_hit;
+ h_ifetch_hit;
uu_profileL1InstMiss;
uu_profileL2Hit;
k_popMandatoryQueue;
diff --git a/src/mem/protocol/RubySlicc_Types.sm b/src/mem/protocol/RubySlicc_Types.sm
index d032adfd8..f464b3c7d 100644
--- a/src/mem/protocol/RubySlicc_Types.sm
+++ b/src/mem/protocol/RubySlicc_Types.sm
@@ -156,6 +156,7 @@ structure (CacheMemory, external = "yes") {
Cycles getTagLatency();
Cycles getDataLatency();
void setMRU(Addr);
+ void setMRU(AbstractCacheEntry);
void recordRequestType(CacheRequestType, Addr);
bool checkResourceAvailable(CacheResourceType, Addr);
diff --git a/src/mem/ruby/structures/CacheMemory.cc b/src/mem/ruby/structures/CacheMemory.cc
index ab2647759..931f58a8e 100644
--- a/src/mem/ruby/structures/CacheMemory.cc
+++ b/src/mem/ruby/structures/CacheMemory.cc
@@ -344,6 +344,14 @@ CacheMemory::setMRU(Addr address)
}
void
+CacheMemory::setMRU(const AbstractCacheEntry *e)
+{
+ uint32_t cacheSet = e->getSetIndex();
+ uint32_t loc = e->getWayIndex();
+ m_replacementPolicy_ptr->touch(cacheSet, loc, curTick());
+}
+
+void
CacheMemory::recordCacheContents(int cntrl, CacheRecorder* tr) const
{
uint64_t warmedUpBlocks = 0;
diff --git a/src/mem/ruby/structures/CacheMemory.hh b/src/mem/ruby/structures/CacheMemory.hh
index 1af446950..7ce674e61 100644
--- a/src/mem/ruby/structures/CacheMemory.hh
+++ b/src/mem/ruby/structures/CacheMemory.hh
@@ -106,6 +106,8 @@ class CacheMemory : public SimObject
// Set this address to most recently used
void setMRU(Addr address);
+ // Set this entry to most recently used
+ void setMRU(const AbstractCacheEntry *e);
// Functions for locking and unlocking cache lines corresponding to the
// provided address. These are required for supporting atomic memory
diff --git a/src/mem/ruby/system/Sequencer.cc b/src/mem/ruby/system/Sequencer.cc
index b21c70743..740db7d8d 100644
--- a/src/mem/ruby/system/Sequencer.cc
+++ b/src/mem/ruby/system/Sequencer.cc
@@ -496,19 +496,15 @@ Sequencer::hitCallback(SequencerRequest* srequest, DataBlock& data,
const Cycles forwardRequestTime,
const Cycles firstResponseTime)
{
+ warn_once("Replacement policy updates recently became the responsibility "
+ "of SLICC state machines. Make sure to setMRU() near callbacks "
+ "in .sm files!");
+
PacketPtr pkt = srequest->pkt;
Addr request_address(pkt->getAddr());
- Addr request_line_address = makeLineAddress(pkt->getAddr());
RubyRequestType type = srequest->m_type;
Cycles issued_time = srequest->issue_time;
- // Set this cache entry to the most recently used
- if (type == RubyRequestType_IFETCH) {
- m_instCache_ptr->setMRU(request_line_address);
- } else {
- m_dataCache_ptr->setMRU(request_line_address);
- }
-
assert(curCycle() >= issued_time);
Cycles total_latency = curCycle() - issued_time;