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gcc has had a lot of problems with incremental linking and partial linking
at the same time. Basically, the partial link assumes that it's the only
link that's going to happen, and it converts weak external symbols into
regular external symbols. Then when the real final link happens, those
symbols are duplicated and the link fails.
Versions of gcc 6 and greater add an option called -flinker-output which
lets you tell the linker to do an incremental link. Unfortunately, other
bugs make that fail, and so gcc 6 doesn't work either. Hopefully version
7 works better.
A --force-lto option was added so that, when only one of lto and partial
linking is available, you can switch from having partial linking to having
lto.
Change-Id: I5e293f5cfb07a14343dc74030d99cb161fb8bbbe
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/3680
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Maintainer: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
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The value of that variable can be computed more directly and more locally
to where it's consumed.
Change-Id: I5ca1f732a34e22d4dae2aeb6ee7fc8adebe1caa0
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/2981
Maintainer: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Reviewed-by: Curtis Dunham <curtis.dunham@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
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For Value() nodes, the get_contents() method and the get_text_contents()
method are just aliases to the same thing, both of which return a value
which has already been converted using str(). The str() which was included
explicitly in the SConscript was redundant, except that it showed that the
value from get_contents was being treated as a string. To avoid the
redundancy but to still leave a hint to the value's type, this change
converts those bits of code to use get_text_contents() and removes the
str().
Change-Id: I8f7da9b652f749e741b553c9a0e2248ae15ec3ca
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/3084
Reviewed-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Maintainer: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
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That clues scons in to the fact that the contents of the target of that
function depends on the value of that construction variable.
Change-Id: I803322ea1a178152da3d95dffffe20acd4271c88
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/3083
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul Rosenfeld <prosenfeld@micron.com>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Maintainer: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
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We're already visiting each of the environments, there's no reason to
track them all and then set up test SConscripts on a second pass.
Change-Id: I2d1166f58ac907e874d6ad5de7bd53ff7ad645f8
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/2980
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Maintainer: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
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Use the PyBind11 wrapping infrastructure instead of SWIG to generate
wrappers for functionality that needs to be exported to Python. This
has several benefits:
* PyBind11 can be redistributed with gem5, which means that we have
full control of the version used. This avoid a large number of
hard-to-debug SWIG issues we have seen in the past.
* PyBind11 doesn't rely on a custom C++ parser, instead it relies on
wrappers being explicitly declared in C++. The leads to slightly
more boiler-plate code in manually created wrappers, but doesn't
doesn't increase the overall code size. A big benefit is that this
avoids strange compilation errors when SWIG doesn't understand
modern language features.
* Unlike SWIG, there is no risk that the wrapper code incorporates
incorrect type casts (this has happened on numerous occasions in
the past) since these will result in compile-time errors.
As a part of this change, the mechanism to define exported methods has
been redesigned slightly. New methods can be exported either by
declaring them in the SimObject declaration and decorating them with
the cxxMethod decorator or by adding an instance of
PyBindMethod/PyBindProperty to the cxx_exports class variable. The
decorator has the added benefit of making it possible to add a
docstring and naming the method's parameters.
The new wrappers have the following known issues:
* Global events can't be memory managed correctly. This was the
case in SWIG as well.
Change-Id: I88c5a95b6cf6c32fa9e1ad31dfc08b2e8199a763
Signed-off-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Hansson <andreas.hansson@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Bardsley <andrew.bardsley@arm.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/2231
Reviewed-by: Tony Gutierrez <anthony.gutierrez@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Pierre-Yves Péneau <pierre-yves.peneau@lirmm.fr>
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
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A previous change forced scons to spawn child processes by exec-ing it
directly rather than going through the shell because the command line
length would be too long for the shell to handle. Now that incremental
linking should keep the command line lengths more under control, that
change should no longer be necessary.
Change-Id: I9e82a62083afd1414324a7fd697bd6d4b76367ae
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/2947
Reviewed-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Maintainer: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
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The groups won't be perfectly balanced or optimally planned, but this
requires no thought and breaks the object files down into a reasonable
number of reasonably sized groups.
Change-Id: I6542fc807aaf356a9be751093f68e2e29f0b1586
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/2946
Reviewed-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Maintainer: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
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The groups will be linked together into intermediate partially linked
object files. Right now the hierarchy is assumed to be flat, but with some
effort it could be extended to allow truly hierarchical linking.
Change-Id: I77b77710554e5f05e8b00720a0170afaf4afac2d
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/2945
Reviewed-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Maintainer: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
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The command line can be too long, causing bash to choke. This means we can't
use any shell syntax like shell variables or redirection when linking, but
that should be easy to avoid.
Change-Id: Ie6c8ecab337cef6bd3c7e403346ced06f46f0993
Reviewed-on: https://gem5-review.googlesource.com/2780
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
Reviewed-by: Steve Reinhardt <stever@gmail.com>
Maintainer: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
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Swig wrappers for native objects currently share the _m5.internal name
space with Python code. This is undesirable if we ever want to switch
from Swig to some other framework for native binding (e.g., PyBind11
or Boost::Python). This changeset moves all of such wrappers to the
_m5 namespace, which is now reserved for native code.
Change-Id: I2d2bc12dbc05b57b7c5a75f072e08124413d77f3
Signed-off-by: Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Curtis Dunham <curtis.dunham@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Lowe-Power <jason@lowepower.com>
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There has been some problem when using address and undefined-behavior
sanitizers at the same time. This patch will look for the special case
where both are enabled at once and change the flags passed to the compiler
to reflect this.
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This patch changes how the embedded swig code is loaded to ensure that
gem5 works with swig 3.0.9. For Python 2.7 and above, swig 3.0.9 now
relies on importlib, and actually looks in the appropriate packages,
even for the wrapped C code. However, the swig wrapper does not
explicitly place the module in the right package (it just calls
Py_InitModule), and we have to take explicit action to ensure that the
swig code can be loaded. This patch adds the information to the
generated wrappers and the appropriate calls to set the context as
part of the swig initialisation.
Previous versions of swig used to fall back on looking in the global
namespace for the wrappers (and still do for Python 2.6), but
technically things should not work without the functionality in this
patch.
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After reaching consensus on the mailing list, this patch officially
makes gcc 4.8 the minimum.
A few checks in the SConstruct are cleaned up as a result. This patch
also adds "-fno-omit-frame-pointer" when using ASAN (which is part of
the gcc/clang recommended flags).
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It's apparently not widely known that our scons scripts allow you to
put the build directory wherever you want; not only does it not have
to be immediately under the root of your repo, it doesn't even have
to be underneath the root at all. (For example, sometimes it's useful
to build on a local disk if your repo is on a slow NFS mount.)
I point this out because this functionality has been broken for close
to two years but no one seems to have noticed yet. This patch fixes
an assumption that crept in in changeset be0e1724eb39 (May 09 2014)
that the build dir would be immediately under the top level of the
repo, preventing builds anywhere else.
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Allow the user to easily build gem5 with the Address Sanitizer, part
of both gcc and clang these days.
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Due to insufficient build deps, the checkpoint tags might not get
updated; this commit solves this. Due to the uncommon nature of the
build target, regenerating tags.cc is a fairly clean solution. Since
SCons hashes file contents, it won't recompile anything unless a new
checkpoint upgrader is actually added.
--HG--
extra : amend_source : ed3879da7668554693f697076deaf5029cc9b954
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Make best use of the compiler, and enable -Wextra as well as
-Wall. There are a few issues that had to be resolved, but they are
all trivial.
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This commit addresses gem5 checkpoints' linear versioning bottleneck.
Since development is distributed across many private trees, there exists
a sort of 'race' for checkpoint version numbers: internally a checkpoint
version may be used but then resynchronizing with the external tree causes
a conflict on that version. This change replaces the linear version number
with a set of unique strings called tags. Now the only conflicts that can
arise are of tag names, where collisions are much easier to avoid.
The checkpoint upgrader (util/cpt_upgrader.py) upgrades the version
representation, as one would expect. Each tag version implements its
upgrader code in a python file in the util/cpt_upgraders directory
rather than adding a function to the upgrader script itself.
The version tags are stored in the 'Globals' section rather than 'root'
(as the version was previously) because 'Globals' gets unserialized
first and can provide a warning before any other unserialization errors
can occur.
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This patch updates the compiler minimum requirement to gcc 4.7 and
clang 3.1, thus allowing:
1. Explicit virtual overrides (no need for M5_ATTR_OVERRIDE)
2. Non-static data member initializers
3. Template aliases
4. Delegating constructors
This patch also enables a transition from --std=c++0x to --std=c++11.
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Gcc and clang both provide an attribute that can be used to flag a
function as deprecated at compile time. This changeset adds a gem5
compiler macro for that compiler feature. The macro can be used to
indicate that a legacy API within gem5 has been deprecated and provide
a graceful migration to the new API.
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This patch fixes the CompoundFlag constructor, ensuring that it does
not dereference NULL. Doing so has undefined behaviuor, and both clang
and gcc's undefined-behaviour sanitiser was rather unhappy.
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This patch adds sorting based on the SimObject name or parameter name
for all situations where we iterate over dictionaries. This should
ensure a deterministic and consistent order across the host systems
and hopefully avoid regression results differing across python
versions.
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This patch makes the memory system ISA-agnostic by enabling the Ruby
Sequencer to dynamically determine if it has to do a store check. To
enable this check, the ISA is encoded as an enum, and the system
is able to provide the ISA to the Sequencer at run time.
--HG--
rename : src/arch/x86/insts/microldstop.hh => src/arch/x86/ldstflags.hh
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This patch adds the ability to load in config.ini files generated from
gem5 into another instance of gem5 built without Python configuration
support. The intended use case is for configuring gem5 when it is a
library embedded in another simulation system.
A parallel config file reader is also provided purely in Python to
demonstrate the approach taken and to provided similar functionality
for as-yet-unknown use models. The Python configuration file reader
can read both .ini and .json files.
C++ configuration file reading:
A command line option has been added for scons to enable C++ configuration
file reading: --with-cxx-config
There is an example in util/cxx_config that shows C++ configuration in action.
util/cxx_config/README explains how to build the example.
Configuration is achieved by the object CxxConfigManager. It handles
reading object descriptions from a CxxConfigFileBase object which
wraps a config file reader. The wrapper class CxxIniFile is provided
which wraps an IniFile for reading .ini files. Reading .json files
from C++ would be possible with a similar wrapper and a JSON parser.
After reading object descriptions, CxxConfigManager creates
SimObjectParam-derived objects from the classes in the (generated with this
patch) directory build/ARCH/cxx_config
CxxConfigManager can then build SimObjects from those SimObjectParams (in an
order dictated by the SimObject-value parameters on other objects) and bind
ports of the produced SimObjects.
A minimal set of instantiate-replacing member functions are provided by
CxxConfigManager and few of the member functions of SimObject (such as drain)
are extended onto CxxConfigManager.
Python configuration file reading (configs/example/read_config.py):
A Python version of the reader is also supplied with a similar interface to
CxxConfigFileBase (In Python: ConfigFile) to config file readers.
The Python config file reading will handle both .ini and .json files.
The object construction strategy is slightly different in Python from the C++
reader as you need to avoid objects prematurely becoming the children of other
objects when setting parameters.
Port binding also needs to be strictly in the same port-index order as the
original instantiation.
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This patch adds the Undefined Behavior Sanitizer (UBSan) for clang and
gcc >= 4.9. Due to the performance impact, the usage is guarded by a
command-line option.
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Reduces target count/compiler invocations by ~180.
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scons build/<arch>/swig
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Add the ability to build libgem5 without embedded Python or the
ability to configure with Python.
This is a prelude to a patch to allow config.ini files to be loaded
into libgem5 using only C++ which would make embedding gem5 within
other simulation systems easier.
This adds a few registration interfaces to things which cross
between Python and C++. Namely: stats dumping and SimObject resolving
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This changeset fixes three types of warnings that occur in clang 3.4
on Ubuntu 12.04:
* Certain versions of libstdc++ (primarily 4.8) use struct and class
interchangeably. This triggers a warning in clang.
* Swig has a tendency to generate code with the register class which
was deprecated in C++11. This triggers a deprecation warning in
clang.
* Swig sometimes generates Python wrapper code which returns
uninitialized values. It's unclear if this is actually a problem
(the cases might be limited to failure paths). We'll silence these
warnings for now since there is little we can do about the
generated code.
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This patch bumps the supported version of gcc from 4.4 to 4.6, and
clang from 2.9 to 3.0. This enables, amongst other things, range-based
for loops, lambda expressions, etc. The STL implementation shipping
with 4.6 also has a full functional implementation of unique_ptr and
shared_ptr.
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This patch encompasses several interrelated and interdependent changes
to the ISA generation step. The end goal is to reduce the size of the
generated compilation units for instruction execution and decoding so
that batch compilation can proceed with all CPUs active without
exhausting physical memory.
The ISA parser (src/arch/isa_parser.py) has been improved so that it can
accept 'split [output_type];' directives at the top level of the grammar
and 'split(output_type)' python calls within 'exec {{ ... }}' blocks.
This has the effect of "splitting" the files into smaller compilation
units. I use air-quotes around "splitting" because the files themselves
are not split, but preprocessing directives are inserted to have the same
effect.
Architecturally, the ISA parser has had some changes in how it works.
In general, it emits code sooner. It doesn't generate per-CPU files,
and instead defers to the C preprocessor to create the duplicate copies
for each CPU type. Likewise there are more files emitted and the C
preprocessor does more substitution that used to be done by the ISA parser.
Finally, the build system (SCons) needs to be able to cope with a
dynamic list of source files coming out of the ISA parser. The changes
to the SCons{cript,truct} files support this. In broad strokes, the
targets requested on the command line are hidden from SCons until all
the build dependencies are determined, otherwise it would try, realize
it can't reach the goal, and terminate in failure. Since build steps
(i.e. running the ISA parser) must be taken to determine the file list,
several new build stages have been inserted at the very start of the
build. First, the build dependencies from the ISA parser will be emitted
to arch/$ISA/generated/inc.d, which is then read by a new SCons builder
to finalize the dependencies. (Once inc.d exists, the ISA parser will not
need to be run to complete this step.) Once the dependencies are known,
the 'Environments' are made by the makeEnv() function. This function used
to be called before the build began but now happens during the build.
It is easy to see that this step is quite slow; this is a known issue
and it's important to realize that it was already slow, but there was
no obvious cause to attribute it to since nothing was displayed to the
terminal. Since new steps that used to be performed serially are now in a
potentially-parallel build phase, the pathname handling in the SCons scripts
has been tightened up to deal with chdir() race conditions. In general,
pathnames are computed earlier and more likely to be stored, passed around,
and processed as absolute paths rather than relative paths. In the end,
some of these issues had to be fixed by inserting serializing dependencies
in the build.
Minor note:
For the null ISA, we just provide a dummy inc.d so SCons is never
compelled to try to generate it. While it seems slightly wrong to have
anything in src/arch/*/generated (i.e. a non-generated 'generated' file),
it's by far the simplest solution.
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the current implementation of the fetch buffer in the o3 cpu
is only allowed to be the size of a cache line. some
architectures, e.g., ARM, have fetch buffers smaller than a cache
line, see slide 22 at:
http://www.arm.com/files/pdf/at-exploring_the_design_of_the_cortex-a15.pdf
this patch allows the fetch buffer to be set to values smaller
than a cache line.
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This patch changes the ProtoBuf builder such that the generated source
and header is placed in the build directory of the proto file. This
was previously not the case for the directories included as EXTRAS. To
make this work, we also ensure that the build directory for the EXTRAS
are added to the include path (which does not seem to automatically be
the case).
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There's not much to do about it other than disable the offending
warning anyway, so it's not worth terminating the build over.
Also suppress uninitialized variable warnings on gcc (happens
at least with gcc 4.4 and swig 1.3.40).
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This patch restructures and unifies the flags used by gcc and clang as
they are largely the same. The common parts are now dealt with in a
shared block of code, and the few bits and pieces that are
specifically affecting either gcc or clang are done separately.
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This patch enables a warning for deleting derived classes that do not
have a virtual destructor. The patch merely adds additional checks,
and there are currently no cases that had to be fixed.
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This patch enables warnings for missing declarations. To avoid issues
with SWIG-generated code, the warning is only applied to non-SWIG
code.
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This patch simply prunes the SUNCC and ICC compiler options as they
are both sufficiently stale that they would have to be re-written from
scratch anyhow. The patch serves to clean things up before shifting to
a build environment that enforces basic c++11 compliance as done in
the following patch.
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This patch enables the use of protobuf input files in the build
process, thus allowing .proto files to be added to input. Each .proto
file is compiled using the protoc tool and the newly created C++
source is added to the list of sources.
The first location where the protobufs will be used is in the
capturing and replay of memory traces, involving the communication
monitor and the trace-generator state of the traffic generator. This
will follow in the next patch.
This patch does add a dependency on the availability of the BSD
licensed protobuf library (and headers), and the protobuf compiler,
protoc. These dependencies are checked in the SConstruct, similar to
e.g. swig. The user can override the use of protoc from the PATH by
specifying the PROTOC environment variable.
Although the dependency on libprotobuf and protoc might seem like a
big step, they add significant value to the project going
forward. Execution traces and other types of traces could easily be
added and parsers for C++ and Python are automatically generated. We
could also envision using protobufs for the checkpoints, description
of the traffic-generator behaviour etc. The sky is the limit. We could
also use the GzipOutputStream from the protobuf library instead of the
current GPL gzstream.
Currently, only the C++ source and header is generated. Going forward
we might want to add the Python output to support simple command-line
tools for displaying and editing the traces.
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When casting objects in the generated SWIG interfaces, SWIG uses
classical C-style casts ( (Foo *)bar; ). In some cases, this can
degenerate into the equivalent of a reinterpret_cast (mainly if only a
forward declaration of the type is available). This usually works for
most compilers, but it is known to break if multiple inheritance is
used anywhere in the object hierarchy.
This patch introduces the cxx_header attribute to Python SimObject
definitions, which should be used to specify a header to include in
the SWIG interface. The header should include the declaration of the
wrapped object. We currently don't enforce header the use of the
header attribute, but a warning will be generated for objects that do
not use it.
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This patch adds an explicit dependency between param_%s.i and the
Python source file defining the object. Previously, the build system
didn't rebuild SWIG interfaces correctly when an object's Python
sources were updated.
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This patch adds Link-Time Optimization when building the fast target
using gcc >= 4.6, and adds a scons flag to disable it (-no-lto). No
check is performed to guarantee that the linker supports LTO and use
of the linker plugin, so the user has to ensure that binutils GNU ld
>= 2.21 or the gold linker is available. Typically, if gcc >= 4.6 is
available, the latter should not be a problem. Currently the LTO
option is only useful for gcc >= 4.6, due to the limited support on
clang and earlier versions of gcc. The intention is to also add
support for clang once the LTO integration matures.
The same number of jobs is used for the parallel phase of LTO as the
jobs specified on the scons command line, using the -flto=n flag that
was introduced with gcc 4.6. The gold linker also supports concurrent
and incremental linking, but this is not used at this point.
The compilation and linking time is increased by almost 50% on
average, although ARM seems to be particularly demanding with an
increase of almost 100%. Also beware when using this as gcc uses a
tremendous amount of memory and temp space in the process. You have
been warned.
After some careful consideration, and plenty discussions, the flag is
only added to the fast target, and the warning that was issued in an
earlier version of this patch is now removed. Similarly, the flag used
to enable LTO, now the default is to use it, and the flag has been
modified to disable LTO. The rationale behind this decision is that
opt is used for development, whereas fast is only used for long runs,
e.g. regressions or more elaborate experiments where the additional
compile and link time is amortized by a much larger run time.
When it comes to the return on investment, the regression seems to be
roughly 15% faster with LTO. For a bit more detail, I ran twolf on
ARM.fast, with three repeated runs, and they all finish within 42
minutes (+- 25 seconds) without LTO and 31 minutes (+- 25 seconds)
with LTO, i.e. LTO gives an impressive >25% speed-up for this case.
Without LTO (ARM.fast twolf)
real 42m37.632s
user 42m34.448s
sys 0m0.390s
real 41m51.793s
user 41m50.384s
sys 0m0.131s
real 41m45.491s
user 41m39.791s
sys 0m0.139s
With LTO (ARM.fast twolf)
real 30m33.588s
user 30m5.701s
sys 0m0.141s
real 31m27.791s
user 31m24.674s
sys 0m0.111s
real 31m25.500s
user 31m16.731s
sys 0m0.106s
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This patch adds a new target called 'perf' that facilitates profiling
using google perftools rather than gprof. The perftools CPU profiler
offers plenty useful information in addition to gprof, and the latter
is kept mostly to offer profiling also on non-Linux hosts.
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This patch restructures the ccflags such that the common parts are
defined in a single location, also capturing all the target types in a
single place.
The patch also adds a corresponding ldflags in preparation for
google-perf profiling support and the addition of Link-Time
Optimization.
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This patch disables a warning for unused values which causes problems
when compiling the swig-generated sources using recent llvm-based
compilers like llvm-gcc and clang.
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them.
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This patch addresses a number of minor issues that cause problems when
compiling with clang >= 3.0 and gcc >= 4.6. Most importantly, it
avoids using the deprecated ext/hash_map and instead uses
unordered_map (and similarly so for the hash_set). To make use of the
new STL containers, g++ and clang has to be invoked with "-std=c++0x",
and this is now added for all gcc versions >= 4.6, and for clang >=
3.0. For gcc >= 4.3 and <= 4.5 and clang <= 3.0 we use the tr1
unordered_map to avoid the deprecation warning.
The addition of c++0x in turn causes a few problems, as the
compiler is more stringent and adds a number of new warnings. Below,
the most important issues are enumerated:
1) the use of namespaces is more strict, e.g. for isnan, and all
headers opening the entire namespace std are now fixed.
2) another other issue caused by the more stringent compiler is the
narrowing of the embedded python, which used to be a char array,
and is now unsigned char since there were values larger than 128.
3) a particularly odd issue that arose with the new c++0x behaviour is
found in range.hh, where the operator< causes gcc to complain about
the template type parsing (the "<" is interpreted as the beginning
of a template argument), and the problem seems to be related to the
begin/end members introduced for the range-type iteration, which is
a new feature in c++11.
As a minor update, this patch also fixes the build flags for the clang
debug target that used to be shared with gcc and incorrectly use
"-ggdb".
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