path: root/src/arch/x86/miscregs.hh

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2007-2008 The Hewlett-Packard Development Company
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use of this software in source and binary forms,
 * with or without modification, are permitted provided that the
 * following conditions are met:
 *
 * The software must be used only for Non-Commercial Use which means any
 * use which is NOT directed to receiving any direct monetary
 * compensation for, or commercial advantage from such use.  Illustrative
 * examples of non-commercial use are academic research, personal study,
 * teaching, education and corporate research & development.
 * Illustrative examples of commercial use are distributing products for
 * commercial advantage and providing services using the software for
 * commercial advantage.
 *
 * If you wish to use this software or functionality therein that may be
 * covered by patents for commercial use, please contact:
 *     Director of Intellectual Property Licensing
 *     Office of Strategy and Technology
 *     Hewlett-Packard Company
 *     1501 Page Mill Road
 *     Palo Alto, California  94304
 *
 * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.  Redistributions
 * in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
 * conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or
 * other materials provided with the distribution.  Neither the name of
 * the COPYRIGHT HOLDER(s), HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY, nor the names of its
 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 * this software without specific prior written permission.  No right of
 * sublicense is granted herewith.  Derivatives of the software and
 * output created using the software may be prepared, but only for
 * Non-Commercial Uses.  Derivatives of the software may be shared with
 * others provided: (i) the others agree to abide by the list of
 * conditions herein which includes the Non-Commercial Use restrictions;
 * and (ii) such Derivatives of the software include the above copyright
 * notice to acknowledge the contribution from this software where
 * applicable, this list of conditions and the disclaimer below.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * Authors: Gabe Black
 */

#ifndef __ARCH_X86_MISCREGS_HH__
#define __ARCH_X86_MISCREGS_HH__

#include "arch/x86/segmentregs.hh"
#include "arch/x86/x86_traits.hh"
#include "base/bitunion.hh"

//These get defined in some system headers (at least termbits.h). That confuses
//things here significantly.
#undef CR0
#undef CR2
#undef CR3

namespace X86ISA
{
    enum CondFlagBit {
        CFBit = 1 << 0,
        PFBit = 1 << 2,
        ECFBit = 1 << 3,
        AFBit = 1 << 4,
        EZFBit = 1 << 5,
        ZFBit = 1 << 6,
        SFBit = 1 << 7,
        DFBit = 1 << 10,
        OFBit = 1 << 11
    };

    enum RFLAGBit {
        TFBit = 1 << 8,
        IFBit = 1 << 9,
        NTBit = 1 << 14,
        RFBit = 1 << 16,
        VMBit = 1 << 17,
        ACBit = 1 << 18,
        VIFBit = 1 << 19,
        VIPBit = 1 << 20,
        IDBit = 1 << 21
    };

    enum MiscRegIndex
    {
        // Control registers
        // Most of these are invalid.
        MISCREG_CR_BASE,
        MISCREG_CR0 = MISCREG_CR_BASE,
        MISCREG_CR1,
        MISCREG_CR2,
        MISCREG_CR3,
        MISCREG_CR4,
        MISCREG_CR5,
        MISCREG_CR6,
        MISCREG_CR7,
        MISCREG_CR8,
        MISCREG_CR9,
        MISCREG_CR10,
        MISCREG_CR11,
        MISCREG_CR12,
        MISCREG_CR13,
        MISCREG_CR14,
        MISCREG_CR15,

        // Debug registers
        MISCREG_DR_BASE = MISCREG_CR_BASE + NumCRegs,
        MISCREG_DR0 = MISCREG_DR_BASE,
        MISCREG_DR1,
        MISCREG_DR2,
        MISCREG_DR3,
        MISCREG_DR4,
        MISCREG_DR5,
        MISCREG_DR6,
        MISCREG_DR7,

        // Flags register
        MISCREG_RFLAGS = MISCREG_DR_BASE + NumDRegs,

        //Register to keep handy values like the CPU mode in.
        MISCREG_M5_REG,

        /*
         * Model Specific Registers
         */
        // Time stamp counter
        MISCREG_TSC,

        MISCREG_MTRRCAP,

        MISCREG_SYSENTER_CS,
        MISCREG_SYSENTER_ESP,
        MISCREG_SYSENTER_EIP,

        MISCREG_MCG_CAP,
        MISCREG_MCG_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MCG_CTL,

        MISCREG_DEBUG_CTL_MSR,

        MISCREG_LAST_BRANCH_FROM_IP,
        MISCREG_LAST_BRANCH_TO_IP,
        MISCREG_LAST_EXCEPTION_FROM_IP,
        MISCREG_LAST_EXCEPTION_TO_IP,

        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_BASE,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_0 = MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_BASE,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_1,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_2,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_3,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_4,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_5,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_6,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_7,

        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_BASE,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_0 = MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_BASE,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_1,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_2,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_3,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_4,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_5,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_6,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_7,

        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_64K_00000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_16K_80000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_16K_A0000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_C0000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_C8000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_D0000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_D8000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_E0000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_E8000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_F0000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_F8000,

        MISCREG_PAT,

        MISCREG_DEF_TYPE,

        MISCREG_MC_CTL_BASE,
        MISCREG_MC0_CTL = MISCREG_MC_CTL_BASE,
        MISCREG_MC1_CTL,
        MISCREG_MC2_CTL,
        MISCREG_MC3_CTL,
        MISCREG_MC4_CTL,
        MISCREG_MC5_CTL,
        MISCREG_MC6_CTL,
        MISCREG_MC7_CTL,

        MISCREG_MC_STATUS_BASE,
        MISCREG_MC0_STATUS = MISCREG_MC_STATUS_BASE,
        MISCREG_MC1_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MC2_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MC3_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MC4_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MC5_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MC6_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MC7_STATUS,

        MISCREG_MC_ADDR_BASE,
        MISCREG_MC0_ADDR = MISCREG_MC_ADDR_BASE,
        MISCREG_MC1_ADDR,
        MISCREG_MC2_ADDR,
        MISCREG_MC3_ADDR,
        MISCREG_MC4_ADDR,
        MISCREG_MC5_ADDR,
        MISCREG_MC6_ADDR,
        MISCREG_MC7_ADDR,

        MISCREG_MC_MISC_BASE,
        MISCREG_MC0_MISC = MISCREG_MC_MISC_BASE,
        MISCREG_MC1_MISC,
        MISCREG_MC2_MISC,
        MISCREG_MC3_MISC,
        MISCREG_MC4_MISC,
        MISCREG_MC5_MISC,
        MISCREG_MC6_MISC,
        MISCREG_MC7_MISC,

        // Extended feature enable register
        MISCREG_EFER,

        MISCREG_STAR,
        MISCREG_LSTAR,
        MISCREG_CSTAR,

        MISCREG_SF_MASK,

        MISCREG_KERNEL_GS_BASE,

        MISCREG_TSC_AUX,

        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL_BASE,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL0 = MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL_BASE,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL1,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL2,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL3,

        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR_BASE,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR0 = MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR_BASE,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR1,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR2,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR3,

        MISCREG_SYSCFG,

        MISCREG_IORR_BASE_BASE,
        MISCREG_IORR_BASE0 = MISCREG_IORR_BASE_BASE,
        MISCREG_IORR_BASE1,

        MISCREG_IORR_MASK_BASE,
        MISCREG_IORR_MASK0 = MISCREG_IORR_MASK_BASE,
        MISCREG_IORR_MASK1,

        MISCREG_TOP_MEM,
        MISCREG_TOP_MEM2,

        MISCREG_VM_CR,
        MISCREG_IGNNE,
        MISCREG_SMM_CTL,
        MISCREG_VM_HSAVE_PA,

        /*
         * Segment registers
         */
        // Segment selectors
        MISCREG_SEG_SEL_BASE,
        MISCREG_ES = MISCREG_SEG_SEL_BASE,
        MISCREG_CS,
        MISCREG_SS,
        MISCREG_DS,
        MISCREG_FS,
        MISCREG_GS,
        MISCREG_HS,
        MISCREG_TSL,
        MISCREG_TSG,
        MISCREG_LS,
        MISCREG_MS,
        MISCREG_TR,
        MISCREG_IDTR,

        // Hidden segment base field
        MISCREG_SEG_BASE_BASE = MISCREG_SEG_SEL_BASE + NUM_SEGMENTREGS,
        MISCREG_ES_BASE = MISCREG_SEG_BASE_BASE,
        MISCREG_CS_BASE,
        MISCREG_SS_BASE,
        MISCREG_DS_BASE,
        MISCREG_FS_BASE,
        MISCREG_GS_BASE,
        MISCREG_HS_BASE,
        MISCREG_TSL_BASE,
        MISCREG_TSG_BASE,
        MISCREG_LS_BASE,
        MISCREG_MS_BASE,
        MISCREG_TR_BASE,
        MISCREG_IDTR_BASE,

        // The effective segment base, ie what is actually added to an
        // address. In 64 bit mode this can be different from the above,
        // namely 0.
        MISCREG_SEG_EFF_BASE_BASE = MISCREG_SEG_BASE_BASE + NUM_SEGMENTREGS,
        MISCREG_ES_EFF_BASE = MISCREG_SEG_EFF_BASE_BASE,
        MISCREG_CS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_SS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_DS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_FS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_GS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_HS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_TSL_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_TSG_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_LS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_MS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_TR_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_IDTR_EFF_BASE,

        // Hidden segment limit field
        MISCREG_SEG_LIMIT_BASE = MISCREG_SEG_EFF_BASE_BASE + NUM_SEGMENTREGS,
        MISCREG_ES_LIMIT = MISCREG_SEG_LIMIT_BASE,
        MISCREG_CS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_SS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_DS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_FS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_GS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_HS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_TSL_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_TSG_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_LS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_MS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_TR_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_IDTR_LIMIT,

        // Hidden segment limit attributes
        MISCREG_SEG_ATTR_BASE = MISCREG_SEG_LIMIT_BASE + NUM_SEGMENTREGS,
        MISCREG_ES_ATTR = MISCREG_SEG_ATTR_BASE,
        MISCREG_CS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_SS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_DS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_FS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_GS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_HS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_TSL_ATTR,
        MISCREG_TSG_ATTR,
        MISCREG_LS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_MS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_TR_ATTR,
        MISCREG_IDTR_ATTR,

        // Floating point control registers
        MISCREG_X87_TOP =
            MISCREG_SEG_ATTR_BASE + NUM_SEGMENTREGS,

        //XXX Add "Model-Specific Registers"

        MISCREG_APIC_BASE,

        MISCREG_APIC_START,
        MISCREG_APIC_ID = MISCREG_APIC_START,
        MISCREG_APIC_VERSION,
        MISCREG_APIC_TASK_PRIORITY,
        MISCREG_APIC_ARBITRATION_PRIORITY,
        MISCREG_APIC_PROCESSOR_PRIORITY,
        MISCREG_APIC_EOI,
        MISCREG_APIC_LOGICAL_DESTINATION,
        MISCREG_APIC_DESTINATION_FORMAT,
        MISCREG_APIC_SPURIOUS_INTERRUPT_VECTOR,

        MISCREG_APIC_IN_SERVICE_BASE,

        MISCREG_APIC_TRIGGER_MODE_BASE = MISCREG_APIC_IN_SERVICE_BASE + 16,

        MISCREG_APIC_INTERRUPT_REQUEST_BASE =
            MISCREG_APIC_TRIGGER_MODE_BASE + 16,

        MISCREG_APIC_ERROR_STATUS = MISCREG_APIC_INTERRUPT_REQUEST_BASE + 16,
        MISCREG_APIC_INTERRUPT_COMMAND_LOW,
        MISCREG_APIC_INTERRUPT_COMMAND_HIGH,
        MISCREG_APIC_LVT_TIMER,
        MISCREG_APIC_LVT_THERMAL_SENSOR,
        MISCREG_APIC_LVT_PERFORMANCE_MONITORING_COUNTERS,
        MISCREG_APIC_LVT_LINT0,
        MISCREG_APIC_LVT_LINT1,
        MISCREG_APIC_LVT_ERROR,
        MISCREG_APIC_INITIAL_COUNT,
        MISCREG_APIC_CURRENT_COUNT,
        MISCREG_APIC_DIVIDE_COUNT,
        MISCREG_APIC_END = MISCREG_APIC_DIVIDE_COUNT,

        MISCREG_APIC_INTERNAL_STATE,

        // "Fake" MSRs for internally implemented devices
        MISCREG_PCI_CONFIG_ADDRESS,

        NUM_MISCREGS
    };

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_CR(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_CR_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_DR(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_DR_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_MC_CTL(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_MC_CTL_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_MC_STATUS(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_MC_STATUS_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_MC_ADDR(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_MC_ADDR_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_MC_MISC(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_MC_MISC_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_IORR_BASE(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_IORR_BASE_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_IORR_MASK(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_IORR_MASK_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_SEG_SEL(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_SEG_SEL_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_SEG_BASE(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_SEG_BASE_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_SEG_EFF_BASE(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_SEG_EFF_BASE_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_SEG_LIMIT(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_SEG_LIMIT_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_SEG_ATTR(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_SEG_ATTR_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_APIC_IN_SERVICE(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_APIC_IN_SERVICE_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_APIC_TRIGGER_MODE(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_APIC_TRIGGER_MODE_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_APIC_INTERRUPT_REQUEST(int index)
    {
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_APIC_INTERRUPT_REQUEST_BASE + index);
    }

    /**
     * A type to describe the condition code bits of the RFLAGS register,
     * plus two flags, EZF and ECF, which are only visible to microcode.
     */
    BitUnion64(CCFlagBits)
        Bitfield<11> of;
        Bitfield<7> sf;
        Bitfield<6> zf;
        Bitfield<5> ezf;
        Bitfield<4> af;
        Bitfield<3> ecf;
        Bitfield<2> pf;
        Bitfield<0> cf;
    EndBitUnion(CCFlagBits)

    /**
     * RFLAGS
     */
    BitUnion64(RFLAGS)
        Bitfield<21> id; // ID Flag
        Bitfield<20> vip; // Virtual Interrupt Pending
        Bitfield<19> vif; // Virtual Interrupt Flag
        Bitfield<18> ac; // Alignment Check
        Bitfield<17> vm; // Virtual-8086 Mode
        Bitfield<16> rf; // Resume Flag
        Bitfield<14> nt; // Nested Task
        Bitfield<13, 12> iopl; // I/O Privilege Level
        Bitfield<11> of; // Overflow Flag
        Bitfield<10> df; // Direction Flag
        Bitfield<9> intf; // Interrupt Flag
        Bitfield<8> tf; // Trap Flag
        Bitfield<7> sf; // Sign Flag
        Bitfield<6> zf; // Zero Flag
        Bitfield<4> af; // Auxiliary Flag
        Bitfield<2> pf; // Parity Flag
        Bitfield<0> cf; // Carry Flag
    EndBitUnion(RFLAGS)

    BitUnion64(HandyM5Reg)
        Bitfield<0> mode;
        Bitfield<3, 1> submode;
        Bitfield<5, 4> cpl;
    EndBitUnion(HandyM5Reg)

    /**
     * Control registers
     */
    BitUnion64(CR0)
        Bitfield<31> pg; // Paging
        Bitfield<30> cd; // Cache Disable
        Bitfield<29> nw; // Not Writethrough
        Bitfield<18> am; // Alignment Mask
        Bitfield<16> wp; // Write Protect
        Bitfield<5> ne; // Numeric Error
        Bitfield<4> et; // Extension Type
        Bitfield<3> ts; // Task Switched
        Bitfield<2> em; // Emulation
        Bitfield<1> mp; // Monitor Coprocessor
        Bitfield<0> pe; // Protection Enabled
    EndBitUnion(CR0)

    // Page Fault Virtual Address
    BitUnion64(CR2)
        Bitfield<31, 0> legacy;
    EndBitUnion(CR2)

    BitUnion64(CR3)
        Bitfield<51, 12> longPdtb; // Long Mode Page-Directory-Table
                                   // Base Address
        Bitfield<31, 12> pdtb; // Non-PAE Addressing Page-Directory-Table
                               // Base Address
        Bitfield<31, 5> paePdtb; // PAE Addressing Page-Directory-Table
                                 // Base Address
        Bitfield<4> pcd; // Page-Level Cache Disable
        Bitfield<3> pwt; // Page-Level Writethrough
    EndBitUnion(CR3)

    BitUnion64(CR4)
        Bitfield<10> osxmmexcpt; // Operating System Unmasked
                                 // Exception Support
        Bitfield<9> osfxsr; // Operating System FXSave/FSRSTOR Support
        Bitfield<8> pce; // Performance-Monitoring Counter Enable
        Bitfield<7> pge; // Page-Global Enable
        Bitfield<6> mce; // Machine Check Enable
        Bitfield<5> pae; // Physical-Address Extension
        Bitfield<4> pse; // Page Size Extensions
        Bitfield<3> de; // Debugging Extensions
        Bitfield<2> tsd; // Time Stamp Disable
        Bitfield<1> pvi; // Protected-Mode Virtual Interrupts
        Bitfield<0> vme; // Virtual-8086 Mode Extensions
    EndBitUnion(CR4)

    BitUnion64(CR8)
        Bitfield<3, 0> tpr; // Task Priority Register
    EndBitUnion(CR8)

    // MTRR capabilities
    BitUnion64(MTRRcap)
        Bitfield<7, 0> vcnt; // Variable-Range Register Count
        Bitfield<8> fix; // Fixed-Range Registers
        Bitfield<10> wc; // Write-Combining
    EndBitUnion(MTRRcap)

    /**
     * SYSENTER configuration registers
     */
    BitUnion64(SysenterCS)
        Bitfield<15, 0> targetCS;
    EndBitUnion(SysenterCS)

    BitUnion64(SysenterESP)
        Bitfield<31, 0> targetESP;
    EndBitUnion(SysenterESP)

    BitUnion64(SysenterEIP)
        Bitfield<31, 0> targetEIP;
    EndBitUnion(SysenterEIP)

    /**
     * Global machine check registers
     */
    BitUnion64(McgCap)
        Bitfield<7, 0> count; // Number of error reporting register banks
        Bitfield<8> MCGCP; // MCG_CTL register present.
    EndBitUnion(McgCap)

    BitUnion64(McgStatus)
        Bitfield<0> ripv; // Restart-IP valid
        Bitfield<1> eipv; // Error-IP valid
        Bitfield<2> mcip; // Machine check in-progress
    EndBitUnion(McgStatus)

    BitUnion64(DebugCtlMsr)
        Bitfield<0> lbr; // Last-branch record
        Bitfield<1> btf; // Branch single step
        Bitfield<2> pb0; // Performance monitoring pin control 0
        Bitfield<3> pb1; // Performance monitoring pin control 1
        Bitfield<4> pb2; // Performance monitoring pin control 2
        Bitfield<5> pb3; // Performance monitoring pin control 3
        /*uint64_t pb(int index)
        {
            return bits(__data, index + 2);
        }*/
    EndBitUnion(DebugCtlMsr)

    BitUnion64(MtrrPhysBase)
        Bitfield<7, 0> type; // Default memory type
        Bitfield<51, 12> physbase; // Range physical base address
    EndBitUnion(MtrrPhysBase)

    BitUnion64(MtrrPhysMask)
        Bitfield<11> valid; // MTRR pair enable
        Bitfield<51, 12> physmask; // Range physical mask
    EndBitUnion(MtrrPhysMask)

    BitUnion64(MtrrFixed)
        /*uint64_t type(int index)
        {
            return bits(__data, index * 8 + 7, index * 8);
        }*/
    EndBitUnion(MtrrFixed)

    BitUnion64(Pat)
        /*uint64_t pa(int index)
        {
            return bits(__data, index * 8 + 2, index * 8);
        }*/
    EndBitUnion(Pat)

    BitUnion64(MtrrDefType)
        Bitfield<7, 0> type; // Default type
        Bitfield<10> fe; // Fixed range enable
        Bitfield<11> e; // MTRR enable
    EndBitUnion(MtrrDefType)

    /**
     * Machine check
     */
    BitUnion64(McStatus)
        Bitfield<15,0> mcaErrorCode;
        Bitfield<31,16> modelSpecificCode;
        Bitfield<56,32> otherInfo;
        Bitfield<57> pcc; // Processor-context corrupt
        Bitfield<58> addrv; // Error-address register valid
        Bitfield<59> miscv; // Miscellaneous-error register valid
        Bitfield<60> en; // Error condition enabled
        Bitfield<61> uc; // Uncorrected error
        Bitfield<62> over; // Status register overflow
        Bitfield<63> val; // Valid
    EndBitUnion(McStatus)

    BitUnion64(McCtl)
        /*uint64_t en(int index)
        {
            return bits(__data, index);
        }*/
    EndBitUnion(McCtl)

    // Extended feature enable register
    BitUnion64(Efer)
        Bitfield<0> sce; // System call extensions
        Bitfield<8> lme; // Long mode enable
        Bitfield<10> lma; // Long mode active
        Bitfield<11> nxe; // No-execute enable
        Bitfield<12> svme; // Secure virtual machine enable
        Bitfield<14> ffxsr; // Fast fxsave/fxrstor
    EndBitUnion(Efer)

    BitUnion64(Star)
        Bitfield<31,0> targetEip;
        Bitfield<47,32> syscallCsAndSs;
        Bitfield<63,48> sysretCsAndSs;
    EndBitUnion(Star)

    BitUnion64(SfMask)
        Bitfield<31,0> mask;
    EndBitUnion(SfMask)

    BitUnion64(PerfEvtSel)
        Bitfield<7,0> eventMask;
        Bitfield<15,8> unitMask;
        Bitfield<16> usr; // User mode
        Bitfield<17> os; // Operating-system mode
        Bitfield<18> e; // Edge detect
        Bitfield<19> pc; // Pin control
        Bitfield<20> intEn; // Interrupt enable
        Bitfield<22> en; // Counter enable
        Bitfield<23> inv; // Invert mask
        Bitfield<31,24> counterMask;
    EndBitUnion(PerfEvtSel)

    BitUnion32(Syscfg)
        Bitfield<18> mfde; // MtrrFixDramEn
        Bitfield<19> mfdm; // MtrrFixDramModEn
        Bitfield<20> mvdm; // MtrrVarDramEn
        Bitfield<21> tom2; // MtrrTom2En
    EndBitUnion(Syscfg)

    BitUnion64(IorrBase)
        Bitfield<3> wr; // WrMem Enable
        Bitfield<4> rd; // RdMem Enable
        Bitfield<51,12> physbase; // Range physical base address
    EndBitUnion(IorrBase)

    BitUnion64(IorrMask)
        Bitfield<11> v; // I/O register pair enable (valid)
        Bitfield<51,12> physmask; // Range physical mask
    EndBitUnion(IorrMask)

    BitUnion64(Tom)
        Bitfield<51,23> physAddr; // Top of memory physical address
    EndBitUnion(Tom)

    BitUnion64(VmCrMsr)
        Bitfield<0> dpd;
        Bitfield<1> rInit;
        Bitfield<2> disA20M;
    EndBitUnion(VmCrMsr)

    BitUnion64(IgnneMsr)
        Bitfield<0> ignne;
    EndBitUnion(IgnneMsr)

    BitUnion64(SmmCtlMsr)
        Bitfield<0> dismiss;
        Bitfield<1> enter;
        Bitfield<2> smiCycle;
        Bitfield<3> exit;
        Bitfield<4> rsmCycle;
    EndBitUnion(SmmCtlMsr)

    /**
     * Segment Selector
     */
    BitUnion64(SegSelector)
        // The following bitfield is not defined in the ISA, but it's useful
        // when checking selectors in larger data types to make sure they
        // aren't too large.
        Bitfield<63, 3> esi; // Extended selector
        Bitfield<15, 3> si; // Selector Index
        Bitfield<2> ti; // Table Indicator
        Bitfield<1, 0> rpl; // Requestor Privilege Level
    EndBitUnion(SegSelector)

    /**
     * Segment Descriptors
     */

    BitUnion64(SegDescriptor)
        Bitfield<63, 56> baseHigh;
        Bitfield<39, 16> baseLow;
        Bitfield<55> g; // Granularity
        Bitfield<54> d; // Default Operand Size
        Bitfield<54> b; // Default Operand Size
        Bitfield<53> l; // Long Attribute Bit
        Bitfield<52> avl; // Available To Software
        Bitfield<51, 48> limitHigh;
        Bitfield<15, 0> limitLow;
        Bitfield<47> p; // Present
        Bitfield<46, 45> dpl; // Descriptor Privilege-Level
        Bitfield<44> s; // System
        SubBitUnion(type, 43, 40)
            // Specifies whether this descriptor is for code or data.
            Bitfield<43> codeOrData;

            // These bit fields are for code segments
            Bitfield<42> c; // Conforming
            Bitfield<41> r; // Readable

            // These bit fields are for data segments
            Bitfield<42> e; // Expand-Down
            Bitfield<41> w; // Writable

            // This is used for both code and data segments.
            Bitfield<40> a; // Accessed
        EndSubBitUnion(type)
    EndBitUnion(SegDescriptor)

    BitUnion64(SegAttr)
        Bitfield<0> writable;
        Bitfield<1> readable;
        Bitfield<2> expandDown;
        Bitfield<4, 3> dpl;
        Bitfield<5> defaultSize;
        Bitfield<6> longMode;
    EndBitUnion(SegAttr)

    BitUnion64(GateDescriptor)
        Bitfield<63, 48> offsetHigh; // Target Code-Segment Offset
        Bitfield<15, 0> offsetLow; // Target Code-Segment Offset
        Bitfield<31, 16> selector; // Target Code-Segment Selector
        Bitfield<47> p; // Present
        Bitfield<46, 45> dpl; // Descriptor Privilege-Level
        Bitfield<43, 40> type;
        Bitfield<36, 32> count; // Parameter Count
    EndBitUnion(GateDescriptor)

    /**
     * Descriptor-Table Registers
     */
    BitUnion64(GDTR)
    EndBitUnion(GDTR)

    BitUnion64(IDTR)
    EndBitUnion(IDTR)

    BitUnion64(LDTR)
    EndBitUnion(LDTR)

    /**
     * Task Register
     */
    BitUnion64(TR)
    EndBitUnion(TR)


    /**
     * Local APIC Base Register
     */
    BitUnion64(LocalApicBase)
        Bitfield<51, 12> base;
        Bitfield<11> enable;
        Bitfield<8> bsp;
    EndBitUnion(LocalApicBase)
};

#endif // __ARCH_X86_INTREGS_HH__