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/*
* Copyright (c) 2004-2005 The Regents of The University of Michigan
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
* met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
* redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
* neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
* this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
* OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* Authors: Kevin Lim
* Korey Sewell
*/
#ifndef __CPU_INORDER_BPRED_UNIT_HH__
#define __CPU_INORDER_BPRED_UNIT_HH__
#include <list>
#include "arch/isa_traits.hh"
#include "base/statistics.hh"
#include "cpu/inst_seq.hh"
#include "cpu/inorder/inorder_dyn_inst.hh"
#include "cpu/inorder/pipeline_traits.hh"
#include "cpu/inorder/resource.hh"
#include "cpu/pred/2bit_local.hh"
#include "cpu/pred/btb.hh"
#include "cpu/pred/ras.hh"
#include "cpu/pred/tournament.hh"
#include "params/InOrderCPU.hh"
/**
* Basically a wrapper class to hold both the branch predictor
* and the BTB.
*/
class BPredUnit
{
private:
enum PredType {
Local,
Tournament
};
PredType predictor;
public:
/**
* @param params The params object, that has the size of the BP and BTB.
*/
BPredUnit(Resource *_res, ThePipeline::Params *params);
std::string name();
/**
* Registers statistics.
*/
void regStats();
void switchOut();
void takeOverFrom();
/**
* Predicts whether or not the instruction is a taken branch, and the
* target of the branch if it is taken.
* @param inst The branch instruction.
* @param PC The predicted PC is passed back through this parameter.
* @param tid The thread id.
* @return Returns if the branch is taken or not.
*/
bool predict(ThePipeline::DynInstPtr &inst, Addr &PC, ThreadID tid);
// @todo: Rename this function.
void BPUncond(void * &bp_history);
/**
* Tells the branch predictor to commit any updates until the given
* sequence number.
* @param done_sn The sequence number to commit any older updates up until.
* @param tid The thread id.
*/
void update(const InstSeqNum &done_sn, ThreadID tid);
/**
* Squashes all outstanding updates until a given sequence number.
* @param squashed_sn The sequence number to squash any younger updates up
* until.
* @param tid The thread id.
*/
void squash(const InstSeqNum &squashed_sn, ThreadID tid,
ThreadID asid = 0);
/**
* Squashes all outstanding updates until a given sequence number, and
* corrects that sn's update with the proper address and taken/not taken.
* @param squashed_sn The sequence number to squash any younger updates up
* until.
* @param corr_target The correct branch target.
* @param actually_taken The correct branch direction.
* @param tid The thread id.
*/
void squash(const InstSeqNum &squashed_sn, const Addr &corr_target,
bool actually_taken, ThreadID tid, ThreadID asid = 0);
/**
* @param bp_history Pointer to the history object. The predictor
* will need to update any state and delete the object.
*/
void BPSquash(void *bp_history);
/**
* Looks up a given PC in the BP to see if it is taken or not taken.
* @param inst_PC The PC to look up.
* @param bp_history Pointer that will be set to an object that
* has the branch predictor state associated with the lookup.
* @return Whether the branch is taken or not taken.
*/
bool BPLookup(Addr &inst_PC, void * &bp_history);
/**
* Looks up a given PC in the BTB to see if a matching entry exists.
* @param inst_PC The PC to look up.
* @return Whether the BTB contains the given PC.
*/
bool BTBValid(Addr &inst_PC)
{ return BTB.valid(inst_PC, 0); }
/**
* Looks up a given PC in the BTB to get the predicted target.
* @param inst_PC The PC to look up.
* @return The address of the target of the branch.
*/
Addr BTBLookup(Addr &inst_PC)
{ return BTB.lookup(inst_PC, 0); }
/**
* Updates the BP with taken/not taken information.
* @param inst_PC The branch's PC that will be updated.
* @param taken Whether the branch was taken or not taken.
* @param bp_history Pointer to the branch predictor state that is
* associated with the branch lookup that is being updated.
* @todo Make this update flexible enough to handle a global predictor.
*/
void BPUpdate(Addr &inst_PC, bool taken, void *bp_history);
/**
* Updates the BTB with the target of a branch.
* @param inst_PC The branch's PC that will be updated.
* @param target_PC The branch's target that will be added to the BTB.
*/
void BTBUpdate(Addr &inst_PC, Addr &target_PC)
{ BTB.update(inst_PC, target_PC,0); }
void dump();
private:
Resource *res;
struct PredictorHistory {
/**
* Makes a predictor history struct that contains any
* information needed to update the predictor, BTB, and RAS.
*/
PredictorHistory(const InstSeqNum &seq_num, const Addr &inst_PC,
bool pred_taken, void *bp_history,
ThreadID _tid)
: seqNum(seq_num), PC(inst_PC), RASTarget(0),
RASIndex(0), tid(_tid), predTaken(pred_taken), usedRAS(0),
wasCall(0), bpHistory(bp_history)
{ }
/** The sequence number for the predictor history entry. */
InstSeqNum seqNum;
/** The PC associated with the sequence number. */
Addr PC;
/** The RAS target (only valid if a return). */
Addr RASTarget;
/** The RAS index of the instruction (only valid if a call). */
unsigned RASIndex;
/** The thread id. */
ThreadID tid;
/** Whether or not it was predicted taken. */
bool predTaken;
/** Whether or not the RAS was used. */
bool usedRAS;
/** Whether or not the instruction was a call. */
bool wasCall;
/** Pointer to the history object passed back from the branch
* predictor. It is used to update or restore state of the
* branch predictor.
*/
void *bpHistory;
};
typedef std::list<PredictorHistory> History;
typedef History::iterator HistoryIt;
/**
* The per-thread predictor history. This is used to update the predictor
* as instructions are committed, or restore it to the proper state after
* a squash.
*/
History predHist[ThePipeline::MaxThreads];
/** The local branch predictor. */
LocalBP *localBP;
/** The tournament branch predictor. */
TournamentBP *tournamentBP;
/** The BTB. */
DefaultBTB BTB;
/** The per-thread return address stack. */
ReturnAddrStack RAS[ThePipeline::MaxThreads];
/** Stat for number of BP lookups. */
Stats::Scalar lookups;
/** Stat for number of conditional branches predicted. */
Stats::Scalar condPredicted;
/** Stat for number of conditional branches predicted incorrectly. */
Stats::Scalar condIncorrect;
/** Stat for number of BTB lookups. */
Stats::Scalar BTBLookups;
/** Stat for number of BTB hits. */
Stats::Scalar BTBHits;
/** Stat for number of times the BTB is correct. */
Stats::Scalar BTBCorrect;
/** Stat for number of times the RAS is used to get a target. */
Stats::Scalar usedRAS;
/** Stat for number of times the RAS is incorrect. */
Stats::Scalar RASIncorrect;
Stats::Formula BTBHitPct;
};
#endif // __CPU_INORDER_BPRED_UNIT_HH__
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