summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/source/fitz/bidi-std.c
blob: 5d74d3617ab9435d360d03d3ef24080ffb1316f3 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
// Extracted from Bidi.cpp - version 26

// Reference implementation for Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm

// Bidi include file
#include "mupdf/fitz.h"
#include "bidi-impl.h"

#ifndef TRUE
#define TRUE (1)
#endif
#ifndef FALSE
#define FALSE (0)
#endif

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------
	File: Bidi.Cpp

	Description
	-----------

	Sample Implementation of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm as it
	was revised by Revision 5 of the Uniode Technical Report # 9
	(1999-8-17)

	Verified for changes to the algorithm up through Unicode 5.2.0 (2009).

	This implementation is organized into several passes, each implemen-
	ting one or more of the rules of the Unicode Bidi Algorithm. The
	resolution of Weak Types and of Neutrals each use a state table
	approach.

	Both a printf based interface and a Windows DlgProc are provided for
	interactive testing.

	A stress harness comparing this implementation (v24) to a Java based
	implementation was used by Doug Felt to verify that the two
	implementations produce identical results for all strings up to six
	bidi classes and stochastic strings up to length 20.

	Version 26 was verified by the author against the Unicode 5.2.0
	file BidiTest.txt, which provides an exhaustive text of strings of
	length 4 or less, but covers some important cases where the language
	in UAX#9 had been clarified.

	To see this code running in an actual Windows program,
	download the free Unibook uitlity from http://unicode.org/unibook
	The bidi demo is executed from the tools menu. It is build from
	this source file.

	Build Notes
	-----------

	To compile the sample implementation please set the #define
	directives above so the correct headers get included. Not all the
	files are needed for all purposes. For the commandline version
	only bidi.h and bidi.cpp are needed.

	The Win32 version is provided as a dialog procedure. To use as a
	standalone program compile with the the lbmain.cpp file. If all you
	need is the ability to run the code "as is", you can instead download
	the unibook utility from http://uincode.org/unibook/ which contains
	the bidi demo compiled from this source file.

	This code uses an extension to C++ that gives variables declared in
	a for() statement function the same scope as the for() statement.
	If your compiler does not support this extension, you may need to
	move the declaration, e.g. int ich = 0; in front of the for statement.

	Implementation Note
	-------------------

	NOTE: The Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm removes all explicit
		formatting codes in rule X9, but states that this can be
		simulated by conformant implementations. This implementation
		attempts to demonstrate such a simulation

		To demonstrate this, the current implementation does the
		following:

		in resolveExplicit()
			- change LRE, LRO, RLE, RLO, PDF to BN
			- assign nested levels to BN

		in resolveWeak and resolveNeutrals
			- assign L and R to BN's where they exist in place of
			  sor and eor by changing the last BN in front of a
			  level change to a strong type
			- skip over BN's for the purpose of determining actions
			- include BN in the count of deferred runs
				which will resolve some of them to EN, AN and N

		in resolveWhiteSpace
			- set the level of any surviving BN to the base level,
				or the level of the preceding character
			- include LRE,LRO, RLE, RLO, PDF and BN in the count
			   whitespace to be reset

		This will result in the same order for non-BN characters as
		if the BN characters had been removed.

		The clean() function can be used to remove boundary marks for
		verification purposes.

	Notation
	--------
	Pointer variables generally start with the letter p
	Counter variables generally start with the letter c
	Index variables generally start with the letter i
	Boolean variables generally start with the letter f

	The enumerated bidirectional types have the same name as in the
	description for the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm

	Using this code outside a demo context
	--------------------------------------

	The way the functions are broken down in this demo code is based
	on the needs of the demo to show the evolution in internal state
	as the algorithm proceeds. This obscures how the algorithm would
	be used in practice. These are the steps:

	1. Allocate a pair of arrays large enough to hold bidi class
	   and calculated levels (one for each input character)

	2. Provide your own function to assign directional types (bidi
	   classes) corresponding to each character in the input,
	   conflating ON, WS, S to N. Unlike the classify function in this
	   demo, the input would be actual Unicode characters.

	3. Process the first paragraph by calling BidiParagraph. That
	   function changes B into BN and returns a length including the
	   paragraph separator. (The iteration over multiple paragraphs
	   is left as excercise for the reader).

	4. Assign directional types again, but now assign specific types
	   to whitespace characters.

	5. Instead of reordering the input in place it is often desirable
	   to calculate an array of offsets indicating the reordering.
	   To that end, allocate such an array here and use it instead
	   of the input array in the next step.

	6. Resolve and reorder the lines by calling BidiLines. That
	   function 'breaks' lines on LS characters. Provide an optional
	   array of flags indicating the location of other line breaks as
	   needed.

	Update History
	--------------
	Version 24 is the initial published and verified version of this
	reference implementation. Version 25 and its updates fix various
	minor issues with the scaffolding used for demonstrating the
	algorithm using pseudo-alphabets from the command line or dialog
	box. No changes to the implementation of the actual bidi algrithm
	are made in any of the minor updates to version 25. Version 26
	also makes no change to the actual algorithm but was verified
	against the official BidiTest.txt file for Unicode 5.2.0.

	- updated pseudo-alphabet

	- Last Revised 12-10-99 (25)

	- enable demo mode for release builds - no other changes

	- Last Revised 12-10-00 (25a)

	- fix regression in pseudo alphabet use for Windows UI

	- Last Revised 02-01-01 (25b)

	- fixed a few comments, renamed a variable

	- Last Revised 03-04-01 (25c)

	- make base level settable, enable mirror by default,
	fix dialog size

	- Last Revised 06-02-01 (25e)

	- fixed some comments

	- Last Revised 09-29-01 (25f)

	- fixed classification for LS,RLM,LRM in pseudo alphabet,
	focus issues in UI, regression fix to commandline from 25(e)
	fix DEMO switch

	- Last Revised 11-07-01 (25g)

	- fixed classification for plus/minus in pseudo alphabet
	to track changes made in Unicode 4.0.1

	- Last Revised 12-03-04 (25h)

	- now compiles as dialog-only program for WINDOWS_UI==1
	using new bidimain.cpp

	- Last Revised 12-02-07 (25i)

	- cleaned up whitespace and indenting in the source,
	fixed two comments (table headers)

	- Last Revised 15-03-07 (25j)

	- named enumerations

	- Last Revised 30-05-07 (25k)

	- added usage notes, minor edits to comments, indentation, etc
	throughout. Added the bidiParagraph function. Checked against
	changes in the Unicode Bidi Algorithm for Unicode 5.2.0. No
	changes needed to this implementation to match the values in
	the BidiTest.txt file in the Unicode Character Database.
	Minor fixes to dialog/windows proc, updated preprocessor directives.

	- Last Revised 03-08-09 (26)

	Credits:
	-------
	Written by: Asmus Freytag
	Command line interface by: Rick McGowan
	Verification (v24): Doug Felt

	Disclaimer and legal rights:
	---------------------------
	Copyright (C) 1999-2009, ASMUS, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
	Distributed under the Terms of Use in http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html.

	THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
	OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
	FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
	IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR HOLDERS INCLUDED IN THIS NOTICE
	BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, OR ANY SPECIAL INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES,
	OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS,
	WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION,
	ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE.

	The file bid.rc is included in the software covered by the above.
------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* === HELPER FUNCTIONS AND DECLARATIONS ================================= */

#define odd(x) ((x) & 1)

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
	The following array maps character codes to types for the purpose of
	this sample implementation. The legend string gives a human readable
	explanation of the pseudo alphabet.

	For simplicity, characters entered by buttons are given a 1:1 mapping
	between their type and pseudo character value. Pseudo characters that
	can be typed from the keyboard are explained in the legend string.

	Use the Unicode Character Database for the real values in real use.
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------*/

enum
{
	chLS = 0x15
};

#if 0
static const fz_bidi_chartype types_from_char[] =
{
// 0	   1	   2	   3	   4	   5	   6	   7	   8	   9	   a	   b	   c	   d	   e	   f
BDI_BN, BDI_BN, BDI_BN, BDI_BN, BDI_L,  BDI_R,  BDI_BN, BDI_BN, BDI_BN, BDI_S,  BDI_B,  BDI_S,  BDI_WS, BDI_B,  BDI_BN, BDI_BN, /*00-0f*/
BDI_LRO,BDI_LRE,BDI_PDF,BDI_RLO,BDI_RLE,BDI_WS, BDI_L,  BDI_R,  BDI_BN, BDI_BN, BDI_BN, BDI_BN, BDI_B,  BDI_B,  BDI_B,  BDI_S,  /*10-1f*/
BDI_WS, BDI_ON, BDI_ON, BDI_ET, BDI_ET, BDI_ET, BDI_ON, BDI_ON, BDI_ON, BDI_ON, BDI_ON, BDI_ES, BDI_CS, BDI_ES, BDI_CS, BDI_ES, /*20-2f*/
BDI_EN, BDI_EN, BDI_EN, BDI_EN, BDI_EN, BDI_EN, BDI_AN, BDI_AN, BDI_AN, BDI_AN, BDI_CS, BDI_ON, BDI_ON, BDI_ON, BDI_ON, BDI_ON, /*30-3f*/
BDI_ON, BDI_AL, BDI_AL, BDI_AL, BDI_AL, BDI_AL, BDI_AL, BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  /*40-4f*/
BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_R,  BDI_LRE,BDI_ON, BDI_RLE,BDI_PDF,BDI_S,  /*50-5f*/
BDI_NSM,BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  /*60-6f*/
BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_L,  BDI_LRO,BDI_B,  BDI_RLO,BDI_BN, BDI_ON, /*70-7f*/
};
#endif

/***************************************
	Reverse, human readable reference:

	LRM:	0x4
	RLM:	0x5
	  L:	0x16,a-z
	LRE:	0x11,[
	LRO:	0x10,{
	  R:	0x17,G-Z
	 AL:	A-F
	RLE:	0x14,]
	RLO:	0x13,}
	PDF:	0x12,^
	 EN:	0-5
	 ES:	/,+,[hyphen]
	 ET:	#,$,%
	 AN:	6-9
	 CS:	[comma],.,:
	NSM:	`
	 BN:	0x0-0x8,0xe,0xf,0x18-0x1b,~
	  B:	0xa,0xd,0x1c-0x1e,|
	  S:	0x9,0xb,0x1f,_
	 WS:	0xc,0x15,[space]
	 ON:	!,",&,',(,),*,;,<,=,>,?,@,\,0x7f
****************************************/

// === HELPER FUNCTIONS ================================================

#ifdef BIDI_LINE_AT_A_TIME
// reverse cch characters
static
void reverse(uint32_t *psz, int cch)
{
	uint32_t ch_temp;
	int ich;

	for (ich = 0; ich < --cch; ich++)
	{
		ch_temp = psz[ich];
		psz[ich] = psz[cch];
		psz[cch] = ch_temp;
	}
}
#endif

// Set a run of cval values at locations all prior to, but not including
// iStart, to the new value nval.
static
void set_deferred_run(fz_bidi_chartype *pval, int cval, int iStart, fz_bidi_chartype nval)
{
	int i;

	for (i = iStart - 1; i >= iStart - cval; i--)
	{
		pval[i] = nval;
	}
}

static
void set_deferred_level_run(fz_bidi_level *pval, int cval, int iStart, fz_bidi_level nval)
{
	int i;

	for (i = iStart - 1; i >= iStart - cval; i--)
	{
		pval[i] = nval;
	}
}

// === ASSIGNING BIDI CLASSES ============================================

// === THE PARAGRAPH LEVEL ===============================================

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------
	Function: resolve_paragraphs

	Resolves the input strings into blocks over which the algorithm
	is then applied.

	Implements Rule P1 of the Unicode Bidi Algorithm

	Input: Text string
		   Character count

	Output: revised character count

	Note:	This is a very simplistic function. In effect it restricts
			the action of the algorithm to the first paragraph in the input
			where a paragraph ends at the end of the first block separator
			or at the end of the input text.

------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if 0
static int resolve_paragraphs(fz_bidi_chartype *types, int cch)
{
	int ich;

	// skip characters not of type B
	for(ich = 0; ich < cch && types[ich] != BDI_B; ich++)
		;
	// stop after first B, make it a BN for use in the next steps
	if (ich < cch && types[ich] == BDI_B)
		types[ich++] = BDI_BN;
	return ich;
}

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------
	Function: base_level

	Determines the base level

	Implements rule P2 of the Unicode Bidi Algorithm.

	Input: Array of directional classes
		   Character count

	Note: Ignores explicit embeddings
------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static int base_level(const fz_bidi_chartype *pcls, int cch)
{
	int ich;

	for (ich = 0; ich < cch; ich++)
	{
		switch (pcls[ich])
		{
		// strong left
		case BDI_L:
			return 0;

		// strong right
		case BDI_R:
		case BDI_AL:
			return 1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}
#endif

//====== RESOLVE EXPLICIT ================================================

static fz_bidi_level greater_even(fz_bidi_level i)
{
	return odd(i) ? i + 1 : i + 2;
}

static fz_bidi_level greater_odd(fz_bidi_level i)
{
	return odd(i) ? i + 2 : i + 1;
}

static fz_bidi_chartype embedding_direction(fz_bidi_chartype level)
{
	return odd(level) ? BDI_R : BDI_L;
}

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------
	Function: resolveExplicit

	Recursively resolves explicit embedding levels and overrides.
	Implements rules X1-X9, of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm.

	Input: Base embedding level and direction
		   Character count

	Output: Array of embedding levels
		  Caller must allocate (one level per input character)

	In/Out: Array of direction classes

	Note: The function uses two simple counters to keep track of
		  matching explicit codes and PDF. Use the default argument for
		  the outermost call. The nesting counter counts the recursion
		  depth and not the embedding level.
------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fz_bidi_resolve_explicit(fz_bidi_level level, fz_bidi_chartype dir, fz_bidi_chartype *pcls, fz_bidi_level *plevel, int cch,
				fz_bidi_level n_nest)
{
	int ich;

	// always called with a valid nesting level
	// nesting levels are != embedding levels
	int nLastValid = n_nest;

	// check input values
	assert(n_nest >= 0 && level >= 0 && level <= BIDI_LEVEL_MAX);

	// process the text
	for (ich = 0; ich < cch; ich++)
	{
		fz_bidi_chartype cls = pcls[ich];
		switch (cls)
		{
		case BDI_LRO:
		case BDI_LRE:
			n_nest++;
			if (greater_even(level) <= BIDI_LEVEL_MAX)
			{
				plevel[ich] = greater_even(level);
				pcls[ich] = BDI_BN;
				ich += fz_bidi_resolve_explicit(plevel[ich], (cls == BDI_LRE ? BDI_N : BDI_L),
							&pcls[ich+1], &plevel[ich+1],
							 cch - (ich+1), n_nest);
				n_nest--;
				continue;
			}
			cls = pcls[ich] = BDI_BN;
			break;

		case BDI_RLO:
		case BDI_RLE:
			n_nest++;
			if (greater_odd(level) <= BIDI_LEVEL_MAX)
			{
				plevel[ich] = greater_odd(level);
				pcls[ich] = BDI_BN;
				ich += fz_bidi_resolve_explicit(plevel[ich], (cls == BDI_RLE ? BDI_N : BDI_R),
								&pcls[ich+1], &plevel[ich+1],
								 cch - (ich+1), n_nest);
				n_nest--;
				continue;
			}
			cls = pcls[ich] = BDI_BN;
			break;

		case BDI_PDF:
			cls = pcls[ich] = BDI_BN;
			if (n_nest)
			{
				if (nLastValid < n_nest)
				{
					n_nest--;
				}
				else
				{
					cch = ich; // break the loop, but complete body
				}
			}
			break;
		}

		// Apply the override
		if (dir != BDI_N)
		{
			cls = dir;
		}
		plevel[ich] = level;
		if (pcls[ich] != BDI_BN)
			pcls[ich] = cls;
	}

	return ich;
}

// === RESOLVE WEAK TYPES ================================================

enum bidi_state // possible states
{
	xa,	//	arabic letter
	xr,	//	right leter
	xl,	//	left letter

	ao,	//	arabic lett. foll by ON
	ro,	//	right lett. foll by ON
	lo,	//	left lett. foll by ON

	rt,	//	ET following R
	lt,	//	ET following L

	cn,	//	EN, AN following AL
	ra,	//	arabic number foll R
	re,	//	european number foll R
	la,	//	arabic number foll L
	le,	//	european number foll L

	ac,	//	CS following cn
	rc,	//	CS following ra
	rs,	//	CS,ES following re
	lc,	//	CS following la
	ls,	//	CS,ES following le

	ret,	//	ET following re
	let	//	ET following le
} ;

const unsigned char state_weak[][10] =
{
	//	N,  L,  R,  AN, EN, AL,NSM, CS, ES, ET,
/*xa*/  { ao, xl, xr, cn, cn, xa, xa, ao, ao, ao }, /* arabic letter		  */
/*xr*/  { ro, xl, xr, ra, re, xa, xr, ro, ro, rt }, /* right letter		   */
/*xl*/  { lo, xl, xr, la, le, xa, xl, lo, lo, lt }, /* left letter			  */

/*ao*/  { ao, xl, xr, cn, cn, xa, ao, ao, ao, ao }, /* arabic lett. foll by ON*/
/*ro*/  { ro, xl, xr, ra, re, xa, ro, ro, ro, rt }, /* right lett. foll by ON */
/*lo*/  { lo, xl, xr, la, le, xa, lo, lo, lo, lt }, /* left lett. foll by ON  */

/*rt*/  { ro, xl, xr, ra, re, xa, rt, ro, ro, rt }, /* ET following R		  */
/*lt*/  { lo, xl, xr, la, le, xa, lt, lo, lo, lt }, /* ET following L		  */

/*cn*/  { ao, xl, xr, cn, cn, xa, cn, ac, ao, ao }, /* EN, AN following AL	  */
/*ra*/  { ro, xl, xr, ra, re, xa, ra, rc, ro, rt }, /* arabic number foll R   */
/*re*/  { ro, xl, xr, ra, re, xa, re, rs, rs,ret }, /* european number foll R */
/*la*/  { lo, xl, xr, la, le, xa, la, lc, lo, lt }, /* arabic number foll L   */
/*le*/  { lo, xl, xr, la, le, xa, le, ls, ls,let }, /* european number foll L */

/*ac*/  { ao, xl, xr, cn, cn, xa, ao, ao, ao, ao }, /* CS following cn		  */
/*rc*/  { ro, xl, xr, ra, re, xa, ro, ro, ro, rt }, /* CS following ra		  */
/*rs*/  { ro, xl, xr, ra, re, xa, ro, ro, ro, rt }, /* CS,ES following re	  */
/*lc*/  { lo, xl, xr, la, le, xa, lo, lo, lo, lt }, /* CS following la		  */
/*ls*/  { lo, xl, xr, la, le, xa, lo, lo, lo, lt }, /* CS,ES following le	  */

/*ret*/ { ro, xl, xr, ra, re, xa,ret, ro, ro,ret }, /* ET following re		  */
/*let*/ { lo, xl, xr, la, le, xa,let, lo, lo,let }  /* ET following le		  */

};

enum bidi_action // possible actions
{
	// primitives
	IX = 0x100,				  // increment
	XX = 0xF,					// no-op

	// actions
	xxx = (XX << 4) + XX,		// no-op
	xIx = IX + xxx,			// increment run
	xxN = (XX << 4) + BDI_ON,	// set current to N
	xxE = (XX << 4) + BDI_EN,	// set current to EN
	xxA = (XX << 4) + BDI_AN,	// set current to AN
	xxR = (XX << 4) + BDI_R,	// set current to R
	xxL = (XX << 4) + BDI_L,	// set current to L
	Nxx = (BDI_ON << 4) + 0xF,	// set run to neutral
	Axx = (BDI_AN << 4) + 0xF,	// set run to AN
	ExE = (BDI_EN << 4) + BDI_EN,	// set run to EN, set current to EN
	NIx = (BDI_ON << 4) + 0xF + IX,	// set run to N, increment
	NxN = (BDI_ON << 4) + BDI_ON,	// set run to N, set current to N
	NxR = (BDI_ON << 4) + BDI_R,	// set run to N, set current to R
	NxE = (BDI_ON << 4) + BDI_EN,	// set run to N, set current to EN

	AxA = (BDI_AN << 4) + BDI_AN,	// set run to AN, set current to AN
	NxL = (BDI_ON << 4) + BDI_L,	// set run to N, set current to L
	LxL = (BDI_L << 4) + BDI_L	// set run to L, set current to L
};

typedef uint16_t fz_bidi_action;

const fz_bidi_action action_weak[][10] =
{
	//   N,.. L,   R,  AN,  EN,  AL, NSM,  CS,..ES,  ET,
/*xa*/ { xxx, xxx, xxx, xxx, xxA, xxR, xxR, xxN, xxN, xxN }, /* arabic letter			*/
/*xr*/ { xxx, xxx, xxx, xxx, xxE, xxR, xxR, xxN, xxN, xIx }, /* right leter			 */
/*xl*/ { xxx, xxx, xxx, xxx, xxL, xxR, xxL, xxN, xxN, xIx }, /* left letter			 */

/*ao*/ { xxx, xxx, xxx, xxx, xxA, xxR, xxN, xxN, xxN, xxN }, /* arabic lett. foll by ON	*/
/*ro*/ { xxx, xxx, xxx, xxx, xxE, xxR, xxN, xxN, xxN, xIx }, /* right lett. foll by ON	*/
/*lo*/ { xxx, xxx, xxx, xxx, xxL, xxR, xxN, xxN, xxN, xIx }, /* left lett. foll by ON	*/

/*rt*/ { Nxx, Nxx, Nxx, Nxx, ExE, NxR, xIx, NxN, NxN, xIx }, /* ET following R			*/
/*lt*/ { Nxx, Nxx, Nxx, Nxx, LxL, NxR, xIx, NxN, NxN, xIx }, /* ET following L			*/

/*cn*/ { xxx, xxx, xxx, xxx, xxA, xxR, xxA, xIx, xxN, xxN }, /* EN, AN following  AL	*/
/*ra*/ { xxx, xxx, xxx, xxx, xxE, xxR, xxA, xIx, xxN, xIx }, /* arabic number foll R	*/
/*re*/ { xxx, xxx, xxx, xxx, xxE, xxR, xxE, xIx, xIx, xxE }, /* european number foll R	*/
/*la*/ { xxx, xxx, xxx, xxx, xxL, xxR, xxA, xIx, xxN, xIx }, /* arabic number foll L	*/
/*le*/ { xxx, xxx, xxx, xxx, xxL, xxR, xxL, xIx, xIx, xxL }, /* european number foll L	*/

/*ac*/ { Nxx, Nxx, Nxx, Axx, AxA, NxR, NxN, NxN, NxN, NxN }, /* CS following cn		 */
/*rc*/ { Nxx, Nxx, Nxx, Axx, NxE, NxR, NxN, NxN, NxN, NIx }, /* CS following ra		 */
/*rs*/ { Nxx, Nxx, Nxx, Nxx, ExE, NxR, NxN, NxN, NxN, NIx }, /* CS,ES following re		*/
/*lc*/ { Nxx, Nxx, Nxx, Axx, NxL, NxR, NxN, NxN, NxN, NIx }, /* CS following la		 */
/*ls*/ { Nxx, Nxx, Nxx, Nxx, LxL, NxR, NxN, NxN, NxN, NIx }, /* CS,ES following le		*/

/*ret*/{ xxx, xxx, xxx, xxx, xxE, xxR, xxE, xxN, xxN, xxE }, /* ET following re			*/
/*let*/{ xxx, xxx, xxx, xxx, xxL, xxR, xxL, xxN, xxN, xxL }  /* ET following le			*/
};

static
fz_bidi_chartype get_deferred_type(fz_bidi_action action)
{
	return (action >> 4) & 0xF;
}

static
fz_bidi_chartype get_resolved_type(fz_bidi_action action)
{
	return action & 0xF;
}

/* Note on action table:

	States can be of two kinds:
	 - Immediate Resolution State, where each input token
	   is resolved as soon as it is seen. These states havve
	   only single action codes (xxN) or the no-op (xxx)
	   for static input tokens.
	 - Deferred Resolution State, where input tokens either
	   either extend the run (xIx) or resolve its Type (e.g. Nxx).

	Input classes are of three kinds
	 - Static Input Token, where the class of the token remains
	   unchanged on output (AN, L, N, R)
	 - Replaced Input Token, where the class of the token is
	   always replaced on output (AL, BDI_BN, NSM, CS, ES, ET)
	 - Conditional Input Token, where the class of the token is
	   changed on output in some but not all cases (EN)

	 Where tokens are subject to change, a double action
	 (e.g. NxA, or NxN) is _required_ after deferred states,
	 resolving both the deferred state and changing the current token.

	These properties of the table are verified by assertions below.
	This code is needed only during debugging and maintenance
*/

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------
	Function: resolveWeak

	Resolves the directionality of numeric and other weak character types

	Implements rules X10 and W1-W6 of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm.

	Input: Array of embedding levels
		   Character count

	In/Out: Array of directional classes

	Note: On input only these directional classes are expected
		  AL, HL, R, L,  ON, BDI_BN, NSM, AN, EN, ES, ET, CS,
------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void fz_bidi_resolve_weak(fz_context *ctx, fz_bidi_level baselevel, fz_bidi_chartype *pcls, fz_bidi_level *plevel, int cch)
{
	int state = odd(baselevel) ? xr : xl;
	fz_bidi_chartype cls;
	int ich;
	fz_bidi_action action;
	fz_bidi_chartype cls_run;
	fz_bidi_chartype cls_new;

	fz_bidi_level level = baselevel;

	int cch_run = 0;

	for (ich = 0; ich < cch; ich++)
	{
		if (pcls[ich] > BDI_BN) {
			fz_warn(ctx, "error: pcls[%d] > BN (%d)\n", ich, pcls[ich]);
		}

		// ignore boundary neutrals
		if (pcls[ich] == BDI_BN)
		{
			// must flatten levels unless at a level change;
			plevel[ich] = level;

			// lookahead for level changes
			if (ich + 1 == cch && level != baselevel)
			{
				// have to fixup last BN before end of the loop, since
				// its fix-upped value will be needed below the assert
				pcls[ich] = embedding_direction(level);
			}
			else if (ich + 1 < cch && level != plevel[ich+1] && pcls[ich+1] != BDI_BN)
			{
				// fixup LAST BN in front / after a level run to make
				// it act like the SOR/EOR in rule X10
				int newlevel = plevel[ich+1];
				if (level > newlevel) {
					newlevel = level;
				}
				plevel[ich] = newlevel;

				// must match assigned level
				pcls[ich] = embedding_direction(newlevel);
				level = plevel[ich+1];
			}
			else
			{
				// don't interrupt runs
				if (cch_run)
				{
					cch_run++;
				}
				continue;
			}
		}

		assert(pcls[ich] <= BDI_BN);
		cls = pcls[ich];

		action = action_weak[state][cls];

		// resolve the directionality for deferred runs
		cls_run = get_deferred_type(action);
		if (cls_run != XX)
		{
			set_deferred_run(pcls, cch_run, ich, cls_run);
			cch_run = 0;
		}

		// resolve the directionality class at the current location
		cls_new = get_resolved_type(action);
		if (cls_new != XX)
			pcls[ich] = cls_new;

		// increment a deferred run
		if (IX & action)
			cch_run++;

		state = state_weak[state][cls];
	}

	// resolve any deferred runs
	// use the direction of the current level to emulate PDF
	cls = embedding_direction(level);

	// resolve the directionality for deferred runs
	cls_run = get_deferred_type(action_weak[state][cls]);
	if (cls_run != XX)
		set_deferred_run(pcls, cch_run, ich, cls_run);
}

// === RESOLVE NEUTAL TYPES ==============================================

// action values
enum neutral_action
{
	// action to resolve previous input
	nL = BDI_L,		// resolve EN to L
	En = 3 << 4,		// resolve neutrals run to embedding level direction
	Rn = BDI_R << 4,	// resolve neutrals run to strong right
	Ln = BDI_L << 4,	// resolved neutrals run to strong left
	In = (1<<8),		// increment count of deferred neutrals
	LnL = (1<<4)+BDI_L	// set run and EN to L
};

static fz_bidi_chartype
get_deferred_neutrals(fz_bidi_action action, fz_bidi_level level)
{
	action = (action >> 4) & 0xF;
	if (action == (En >> 4))
		return embedding_direction(level);
	else
		return action;
}

static fz_bidi_chartype get_resolved_neutrals(fz_bidi_action action)
{
	action = action & 0xF;
	if (action == In)
		return 0;
	else
		return action;
}

// state values
enum neutral_state
{
	// new temporary class
	r,	// R and characters resolved to R
	l,	// L and characters resolved to L
	rn,	// N preceded by right
	ln,	// N preceded by left
	a,	// AN preceded by left (the abbrev 'la' is used up above)
	na	// N preceeded by a
} ;

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------
	Notes:

	By rule W7, whenever a EN is 'dominated' by an L (including start of
	run with embedding direction = L) it is resolved to, and further treated
	as L.

	This leads to the need for 'a' and 'na' states.
------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

const int action_neutrals[][5] =
{
//	N,	L,	R, AN, EN, = cls
					// state =
	{In,  0,  0,  0,  0},		// r	right
	{In,  0,  0,  0,  BDI_L},	// l	left

	{In, En, Rn, Rn, Rn},		// rn	N preceded by right
	{In, Ln, En, En, LnL},		// ln	N preceded by left

	{In,  0,  0,  0,  BDI_L},	// a   AN preceded by left
	{In, En, Rn, Rn, En}		// na	N  preceded by a
} ;

const int state_neutrals[][5] =
{
//	 N, L,	R,	AN, EN = cls
					// state =
	{rn, l,	r,	r,	r},	// r   right
	{ln, l,	r,	a,	l},	// l   left

	{rn, l,	r,	r,	r},	// rn  N preceded by right
	{ln, l,	r,	a,	l},	// ln  N preceded by left

	{na, l,	r,	a,	l},	// a  AN preceded by left
	{na, l,	r,	a,	l}	// na  N preceded by la
} ;

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------
	Function: resolveNeutrals

	Resolves the directionality of neutral character types.

	Implements rules W7, N1 and N2 of the Unicode Bidi Algorithm.

	Input: Array of embedding levels
		   Character count
		   Baselevel

	In/Out: Array of directional classes

	Note: On input only these directional classes are expected
		  R,  L,  N, AN, EN and BN

		  W8 resolves a number of ENs to L
------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void fz_bidi_resolve_neutrals(fz_bidi_level baselevel, fz_bidi_chartype *pcls, const fz_bidi_level *plevel, int cch)
{
	// the state at the start of text depends on the base level
	int state = odd(baselevel) ? r : l;
	fz_bidi_chartype cls;
	int ich;
	fz_bidi_chartype cls_run;

	int cch_run = 0;
	fz_bidi_level level = baselevel;

	for (ich = 0; ich < cch; ich++)
	{
		int action;
		fz_bidi_chartype cls_new;

		// ignore boundary neutrals
		if (pcls[ich] == BDI_BN)
		{
			// include in the count for a deferred run
			if (cch_run)
				cch_run++;

			// skip any further processing
			continue;
		}

		assert(pcls[ich] < 5); // "Only N, L, R, AN, EN are allowed"
		cls = pcls[ich];

		action = action_neutrals[state][cls];

		// resolve the directionality for deferred runs
		cls_run = get_deferred_neutrals(action, level);
		if (cls_run != BDI_N)
		{
			set_deferred_run(pcls, cch_run, ich, cls_run);
			cch_run = 0;
		}

		// resolve the directionality class at the current location
		cls_new = get_resolved_neutrals(action);
		if (cls_new != BDI_N)
			pcls[ich] = cls_new;

		if (In & action)
			cch_run++;

		state = state_neutrals[state][cls];
		level = plevel[ich];
	}

	// resolve any deferred runs
	cls = embedding_direction(level);	// eor has type of current level

	// resolve the directionality for deferred runs
	cls_run = get_deferred_neutrals(action_neutrals[state][cls], level);
	if (cls_run != BDI_N)
		set_deferred_run(pcls, cch_run, ich, cls_run);
}

// === RESOLVE IMPLLICIT =================================================

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------
	Function: resolveImplicit

	Recursively resolves implicit embedding levels.
	Implements rules I1 and I2 of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm.

	Input: Array of direction classes
		   Character count
		   Base level

	In/Out: Array of embedding levels

	Note: levels may exceed 15 on output.
		  Accepted subset of direction classes
		  R, L, AN, EN
------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
const fz_bidi_level add_level[][4] =
{
	// L,  R,	AN, EN = cls
					// level =
/* even */ { 0,	1,	2,	2 },	// EVEN
/* odd	*/ { 1,	0,	1,	1 }	// ODD

};

void fz_bidi_resolve_implicit(const fz_bidi_chartype *pcls, fz_bidi_level *plevel, int cch)
{
	int ich;

	for (ich = 0; ich < cch; ich++)
	{
		// cannot resolve bn here, since some bn were resolved to strong
		// types in resolveWeak. To remove these we need the original
		// types, which are available again in resolveWhiteSpace
		if (pcls[ich] == BDI_BN)
		{
			continue;
		}
		assert(pcls[ich] > 0); // "No Neutrals allowed to survive here."
		assert(pcls[ich] < 5); // "Out of range."
		plevel[ich] += add_level[odd(plevel[ich])][pcls[ich] - 1];
	}
}

#if 0
// === REORDER ===========================================================
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------
	Function: resolve_lines

	Breaks a paragraph into lines

	Input:	Character count
			Array of line break flags
	In/Out:	Array of characters

	Returns the count of characters on the first line

	Note: This function only breaks lines at hard line breaks. Other
	line breaks can be passed in. If pbrk[n] is true, then a break
	occurs after the character in psz_input[n]. Breaks before the first
	character are not allowed.
------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static int resolve_lines(uint32_t *psz_input, int *pbrk, int cch)
{
	int ich;

	// skip characters not of type LS
	for(ich = 0; ich < cch; ich++)
	{
		if (psz_input[ich] == chLS || (pbrk && pbrk[ich]))
		{
			ich++;
			break;
		}
	}

	return ich;
}
#endif

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------
	Function: fz_bidi_resolve_whitespace

	Resolves levels for WS and S
	Implements rule L1 of the Unicode bidi Algorithm.

	Input:	Base embedding level
			Character count
			Array of direction classes (for one line of text)

	In/Out: Array of embedding levels (for one line of text)

	Note: this should be applied a line at a time. The default driver
		  code supplied in this file assumes a single line of text; for
		  a real implementation, cch and the initial pointer values
		  would have to be adjusted.
------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void fz_bidi_resolve_whitespace(fz_bidi_level baselevel, const fz_bidi_chartype *pcls, fz_bidi_level *plevel,
							int cch)
{
	int cchrun = 0;
	fz_bidi_level oldlevel = baselevel;
	int ich;

	for (ich = 0; ich < cch; ich++)
	{
		switch(pcls[ich])
		{
		default:
			cchrun = 0; // any other character breaks the run
			break;
		case BDI_WS:
			cchrun++;
			break;

		case BDI_RLE:
		case BDI_LRE:
		case BDI_LRO:
		case BDI_RLO:
		case BDI_PDF:
		case BDI_BN:
			plevel[ich] = oldlevel;
			cchrun++;
			break;

		case BDI_S:
		case BDI_B:
			// reset levels for WS before eot
			set_deferred_level_run(plevel, cchrun, ich, baselevel);
			cchrun = 0;
			plevel[ich] = baselevel;
			break;
		}
		oldlevel = plevel[ich];
	}
	// reset level before eot
	set_deferred_level_run(plevel, cchrun, ich, baselevel);
}

#ifdef BIDI_LINE_AT_A_TIME
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------
	Functions: reorder/reorderLevel

	Recursively reorders the display string
	"From the highest level down, reverse all characters at that level and
	higher, down to the lowest odd level"

	Implements rule L2 of the Unicode bidi Algorithm.

	Input: Array of embedding levels
		   Character count
		   Flag enabling reversal (set to false by initial caller)

	In/Out: Text to reorder

	Note: levels may exceed 15 resp. 61 on input.

	Rule L3 - reorder combining marks is not implemented here
	Rule L4 - glyph mirroring is implemented as a display option below

	Note: this should be applied a line at a time
-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static int reorderLevel(fz_bidi_level level, uint32_t *psz_text, const fz_bidi_level *plevel, int cch,
				 int f_reverse)
{
	int ich;

	// true as soon as first odd level encountered
	f_reverse = f_reverse || odd(level);

	for (ich = 0; ich < cch; ich++)
	{
		if (plevel[ich] < level)
		{
			break;
		}
		else if (plevel[ich] > level)
		{
			ich += reorderLevel(level + 1, psz_text + ich, plevel + ich,
				cch - ich, f_reverse) - 1;
		}
	}
	if (f_reverse)
	{
		reverse(psz_text, ich);
	}
	return ich;
}

int Bidi_reorder(fz_bidi_level baselevel, uint32_t *psz_text, const fz_bidi_level *plevel, int cch)
{
	int ich = 0;

	while (ich < cch)
	{
		ich += reorderLevel(baselevel, psz_text + ich, plevel + ich,
			cch - ich, FALSE);
	}
	return ich;
}
#endif